Bears in the forest where Shishkin’s painting is kept. “Three Bears” - a painting glorifying the beauty of Russian nature

“Three Bears” is a painting so called by the common people, it has official name- “Morning in pine forest" The canvas was painted in oil in 1889, its dimensions are 139 x 213 (quite large), it is stored in the State Tretyakov Gallery. The signature under the picture is only Ivan Shishkin.

The most replicated painting

The official title is more consistent with the painting itself, since there are four bears on the canvas, not three. But there is no person on the territory of the CIS who does not know this work, and precisely under the name “Three Bears”. The picture is incredibly popular, it can be argued that, speaking modern language, this is the most promoted picture. This was facilitated by candy wrappers of the most popular and delicious candies in Soviet times, tablecloths, bedspreads and wall rugs repeating the plot. And it is the bears depicted in the foreground that enjoy fame among wide sections of the population, and the beautifully depicted morning forest serves as a backdrop.

Not a very successful collaboration

And the bears were painted by another artist - Konstantin Apollonovich Savitsky (1844 - 1905), genre painter, academician, friend of Shishkin. Savitsky convinced Shishkin that the picture lacked dynamics, and the animals in the foreground would fill the gap. Art critics write that Shishkin was not successful with bears, but Savitsky, on the contrary. And, indeed, the clubfoot turned out so well that, by mutual consent, the friends put their signatures under the picture. But Tretyakov and Savitsky had some friction at that time, and when buying a painting for his gallery, he demanded that Savitsky’s signature be removed. Obviously, the collector’s desire was the law, and only Shishkin’s signature remained, and he received the fee alone and probably did not share it with the co-author, because they stopped being friends.

Island covered with pine trees

This is the “wrong side” of the “Three Bears” canvas. The picture is so beautiful, calm, blissful. Of course, Tretyakov was a connoisseur and fine connoisseur of painting, and the forest depicted consummate master, represented true value for the buyer, and the bears didn’t even like it. And experts are delighted with the landscape spied by Shishkin on the island of Gorodomlya (Lake Seliger), brilliantly transferred to the canvas.

Popularly known as “The Three Bears,” the painting truly wonderfully conveys the state of nature. At first glance it is clear that it is morning. The fog pierced by the rays of the rising sun is amazingly depicted.

Queen of Landscapes

The brilliant landscape painter, in love with Shishkin, very often painted pine trees. Different, at any time of the year, illuminated by the sun and covered with snow, they are beautiful.

The smallest needles are visible on his canvases, the roughness of the bark is felt, it seems that the pine smell comes from the paintings of Ivan Ivanovich. “Three Bears” - depicting the wilderness of the forest. It seems that you can hear the crackling of the trunks of centuries-old pines, and how you feel the depth of the cliff located behind the right bear cub. And the infinity of the forest is depicted brilliantly. And the fog, still blue at the edges, already illuminated by the sun in the center. And the bear cub drawn on the right seems to have admired the beautiful morning. And nature has not yet fully woken up, and the morning cool is blowing. A work of genius, a masterpiece. Maybe he didn't need dynamics.

The result is complete harmony

To be fair, it must be said that the bears do not spoil the canvas in any way; they fit into it very well. The painting “Three Bears”, described above, is very organic, and it is impossible to imagine it without these good-natured representatives of wildlife. Perhaps the complacency emanating from a mother bear with three cubs is explained by the absence of a person nearby. And this peace of animals also emphasizes the depth of the forest. “...And the fresh moss is crushed under the paws, the dry branches are cracking under the weight...” - the poet’s wonderful words about the painting. Morning, silence, harmony in the plant and animal world, in nature in general - the picture has a very calming effect: “... and just look at this beauty, and I know that it will save, warm!”

And Konstantin Savitsky. Savitsky painted bears, but the collector Pavel Tretyakov erased his signature, so Shishkin is often indicated as the author of the painting.

The painting is popular due to the compositional inclusion of animalistic elements in the landscape canvas. The painting conveys in detail the state of nature seen by the artist on the island of Gorodomlya. What is shown is not a dense dense forest, but sunlight, breaking through the columns of tall trees. You can feel the depth of the ravines, the power of centuries-old trees, the sunlight seems to timidly peek into this dense forest. The frolicking cubs feel the approach of morning.

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✪ Morning in a pine forest, Shishkin - review of the painting

✪ Morning in pine forest- Shishkin - Ours Art Gallery!

✪ Learning to write an essay Part 4 The story of one painting “Morning in a pine forest”

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Story

The idea for the painting was suggested to Shishkin by Savitsky, who later acted as a co-author and depicted the figures of the bear cubs. These bears, with some differences in poses and numbers (at first there were two of them), appear in the preparatory drawings and sketches. Savitsky turned out the animals so well that he even signed the painting together with Shishkin. Savitsky himself told his family: “The painting was sold for 4 thousand, and I am a participant in the 4th share.”

Having acquired the painting, Tretyakov removed Savitsky’s signature, leaving the authorship behind Shishkin, because in the painting, Tretyakov said, “from concept to execution, everything speaks about the manner of painting, about creative method, characteristic of Shishkin."

Reviews from critics

In the inventory of the gallery, initially (during the lives of the artists Shishkin and Savitsky), the painting was listed under the title “Bear Family in the Forest” (and without indicating Savitsky’s surname).

Russian prose writer and publicist V. M. Mikheev wrote the following words in 1894:

Look into this gray fog of the forest distance, into the “Bear Family in the Forest”... and you will understand what kind of forest expert, what a strong objective artist you are dealing with. And if something in his paintings interferes with the integrity of your impression, then it won’t be the details of the forest, but, for example, the figures of bears, the interpretation of which makes you want a lot and spoils a lot big picture, where the artist placed them. Obviously, the master forest specialist is not nearly as good at depicting animals.

"Three Bears"

During the Soviet era, the confectionery factory “Red October” produced candies “Bear Clubfoot”, while the picture on the candy wrapper is general outline was taken from the painting “Morning in a Pine Forest”. At the same time, Red October produced Three Bears chocolate, although there were four bears on the label. The candies were popular and received the unofficial name “Three Bears” among the people, then the picture itself began to be called that.

In culture

• In the famous New Year's film“Carnival Night” directed by Eldar Ryazanov, the protagonist of the film Ogurtsov mentions a certain painting “Bears on Vacation” (possibly a reference to this painting).
• In the episode “At a Rest” of the animated series “

Ivan Shishkin glorified not only his hometown(Elabuga) for the whole country, but also for the entire vast territory of Russia and for the whole world. His most famous painting is “Morning in a Pine Forest.” Why is it so famous and why is it considered practically the standard of painting? Let's try to understand this issue.

Shishkin and landscapes

Ivan Shishkin - famous landscape artist. His unique style of work originates from the Düsseldorf School of Drawing. But, unlike most of his colleagues, the artist passed on the basic techniques through himself, which made it possible to create a unique style, not inherent in anyone else.

Shishkin admired nature all his life; she inspired him to create numerous masterpieces of a million colors and shades. The artist always tried to depict the flora as he sees it, without various exaggerations and decorations.

He tried to choose landscapes untouched by human hands. Virgin like the forests of the taiga. combine realism with a poetic view of nature. Ivan Ivanovich saw poetry in the play of light and shadow, in the power of Mother Earth, in the fragility of one Christmas tree standing in the wind.

The versatility of the artist

It's hard to imagine such a thing genius artist the head of the city or school teacher. But Shishkin combined many talents. Coming from a merchant family, he had to follow in the footsteps of his parent. In addition, Shishkin’s good disposition quickly endeared him to people throughout the city. He was elected to the post of manager and helped develop his native Elabuga as best he could. Naturally, this was also manifested in painting. Shishkin’s pen is “History of the City of Elabuga”.

Ivan Ivanovich managed to draw pictures and participate in exciting archaeological excavations. He lived abroad for some time, and even became an academician in Düsseldorf.

Shishkin was an active member of the Itinerants Society, where he met other famous Russian artists. He was considered a real authority among other painters. They tried to inherit the master’s style, and the paintings inspired both writers and painters.

He left behind a legacy of numerous landscapes that have become decorations in museums and private collections around the globe.

After Shishkin, few people managed to depict all the diversity of Russian nature so realistically and so beautifully. Whatever happens in personal life artist, he did not allow his troubles to be reflected on his canvases.

Background

The artist treated forest nature with great trepidation; it literally captivated him with its countless colors, variety of shades, and the rays of the sun breaking through the thick pine branches.

The painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” became the embodiment of Shishkin’s love for the forest. It quickly gained popularity, and was soon used in pop culture, on stamps, and even on candy wrappers. To this day it is carefully kept in the Tretyakov Gallery.

Description: “Morning in a pine forest”

Ivan Shishkin managed to capture one moment from an entire forest life. He conveyed with the help of a drawing the moment of the beginning of the day, when the sun was just beginning to rise. An amazing moment of the birth of a new life. The painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” depicts an awakening forest and still sleepy bear cubs that are getting out of a secluded dwelling.

In this painting, as in many others, the artist wanted to emphasize the immensity of nature. To do this, he cut off the tops of the pine trees at the top of the canvas.

If you look closely, you will notice that the roots of the tree on which the cubs are frolicking have been torn out. Shishkin seemed to emphasize that this forest is so uninhabited and deaf that only animals can live in it, and the trees fall on their own, from old age.

Shishkin indicated the morning in a pine forest with the help of the fog that we see between the trees. Thanks to this artistic move, the time of day becomes obvious.

Co-authorship

Shishkin was an excellent landscape painter, but rarely took on images of animals in his works. The painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” was no exception. He created the landscape, but the four cubs were painted by another artist, an expert on animals, Konstantin Savitsky. They say that it was he who suggested the very idea for this painting. While painting a morning in a pine forest, Shishkin took Savitsky as a co-author, and the painting was initially signed by the two of them. However, after the painting was transferred to the gallery, Tretyakov considered Shishkin’s work more extensive and erased the name of the second artist.

Story

Shishkin and Savitsky went into nature. This is how the story began. The morning in the pine forest seemed so beautiful to them that it was impossible not to immortalize it on canvas. To search for a prototype, they went to Gordomlya Island, which stands on Lake Seliger. There they found this landscape and new inspiration for the painting.

The island, completely covered with forests, contained the remnants of virgin nature. For many centuries it stood untouched. This could not leave artists indifferent.

Claims

The painting was born in 1889. Although Savitsky initially complained to Tretyakov that he had erased his name, he soon changed his mind and abandoned this masterpiece in favor of Shishkin.

He justified his decision by the fact that the style of the painting fully corresponds to what Ivan Ivanovich did, and even the sketches of the bears originally belonged to him.

Facts and Misconceptions

Like any famous painting, the painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” arouses great interest. Consequently, it has a number of interpretations and is mentioned in literature and cinema. They say about this masterpiece as in high society, and on the streets.

Over time, some facts have been changed, and general misconceptions have become firmly entrenched in society:

• One of the common mistakes is the opinion that Vasnetsov created “Morning in a Pine Forest” together with Shishkin. Viktor Mikhailovich, of course, knew Ivan Ivanovich, since they were together in the Itinerants club. However, Vasnetsov could not possibly be the author of such a landscape. If you pay attention to his style, he is not at all similar to Shishkin; they belong to different art schools. These names are still mentioned together from time to time. Vasnetsov is not that artist. “Morning in a Pine Forest,” without any doubt, was painted by Shishkin.
• The title of the painting sounds like “Morning in a Pine Forest.” Boron is simply a second name that people apparently found more appropriate and mysterious.
• Unofficially, some Russians still call the painting “Three Bears,” which is a grave mistake. There are not three, but four animals in the picture. It is likely that the canvas began to be called that because of the popular Soviet time sweets called “Teddy bear”. The candy wrapper depicted a reproduction of Shishkin’s “Morning in a Pine Forest.” People gave the candy the name “Three Bears”.
• The picture has its “first version”. Shishkin painted another canvas of the same theme. He called it “Fog in the Pine Forest.” Few people know about this picture. She is rarely remembered. There is no canvas on site Russian Federation. To this day it is kept in private collection in Poland.
• Initially, there were only two bear cubs in the picture. Later Shishkin decided that the image should include four clubfooted people. Thanks to the addition of two more bears, the genre of the film changed. It began to be located on the “borderland”, as some elements of the game scene appeared on the landscape.

Exposition

The film is popular due to its entertaining plot. However true value The work is a beautifully expressed state of nature, seen by the artist in Belovezhskaya Pushcha. What is shown is not a dense dense forest, but sunlight breaking through the columns of giants. You can feel the depth of the ravines and the power of centuries-old trees. And the sunlight seems to timidly peek into this dense forest. The frolicking cubs feel the approach of morning. We are observers of wildlife and its inhabitants.

Story

Shishkin was suggested to the idea of ​​the painting by Savitsky. Savitsky painted the bears in the film itself. These bears, with some differences in poses and numbers (at first there were two of them), appear in the preparatory drawings and sketches. Savitsky turned out the bears so well that he even signed the painting together with Shishkin. However, when Tretyakov acquired the painting, he removed Savitsky’s signature, leaving the authorship to Shishkin. Indeed, in the picture, Tretyakov said, “from the concept to the execution, everything speaks about the manner of painting, about the creative method that is characteristic of Shishkin.”

• Most Russians call this picture“Three Bears”, despite the fact that there are not three, but four bears in the picture. This is apparently due to the fact that during the USSR grocery stores They sold “Bear-toed Bear” candies with a reproduction of this picture on a candy wrapper, which were popularly called “Three Bears.”
• Another erroneous common name is “Morning in a Pine Forest” (tautology: a forest is a pine forest).

Notes

Literature

• Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin. Correspondence. Diary. Contemporaries about the artist / Comp. I. N. Shuvalova - Leningrad: Art, Leningrad branch, 1978;
• Alenov M. A., Evangulova O. S., Livshits L. I. Russian art XI - early XX centuries. - M.: Art, 1989;
• Anisov L. Shishkin. - M.: Young Guard, 1991. - (Series: Life of Remarkable People);
• State Russian Museum. Leningrad. Painting of the XII - early XX centuries. - M.: art, 1979;
• Dmitrienko A. F., Kuznetsova E. V., Petrova O. F., Fedorova N. A. 50 short biographies masters of Russian art. - Leningrad, 1971;
• Lyaskovskaya O. A. Plein air in Russian paintings of the 19th century century. - M.: Art, 1966.

Wikimedia Foundation.

2010.

See what “Morning in a Pine Forest” is in other dictionaries: - “MORNING IN A PINE FOREST”, Canada Latvia, BURRACUDA FILM PRODUCTION/ATENTAT CULTURE, 1998, color, 110 min. Documentary . ABOUT creative self-expression six young people seeking mutual understanding through creativity. Their lives are shown during...

Encyclopedia of Cinema- Painting by I.I. Shishkina. Created in 1889, located in the Tretyakov Gallery. Dimensions 139 × 213 cm. One of the most famous landscapes in Shishkin’s work depicts a dense impenetrable forest* middle zone Russia. In the thicket of the forest on fallen trees... ... Linguistic and regional dictionary

Jarg. stud. First scheduled in the morning training session. (Recorded 2003) ... Big dictionary Russian sayings

It’s amazing how the life of a work of art that comes from the brush of a master can turn out. Everyone knows I. Shishkin’s painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” and mainly as the painting “Three Bears”. The paradox also lies in the fact that the canvas depicts four bears, which were completed by the magnificent genre painter K. A. Savitsky.

A little from the biography of I. Shishkin

The future artist was born in Yelabuga in 1832, on January 13, in the family of a poor merchant who was passionate about local history and archeology. He enthusiastically passed on his knowledge to his son. The boy stopped attending the Kazan gymnasium after the fifth grade, and all free time spent drawing from life. Then he graduated not only from the painting school in Moscow, but also from the academy in St. Petersburg. His talent as a landscape painter was fully developed by this time. After a short trip abroad, the young artist went to his native place, where he painted nature untouched by human hands. He exhibited his new works at exhibitions of the Peredvizhniki, amazing and delighting viewers with the almost photographic veracity of his canvases. But the most famous painting was “Three Bears,” painted in 1889.

Friend and co-author Konstantin Apollonovich Savitsky

K.A. Savitsky was born in Taganrog into the family of a military doctor in 1844. He graduated from the Academy in St. Petersburg and continued to improve his skills in Paris. When he returned, P. M. Tretyakov acquired his first work for his collection. Since the 70s of the 19th century, the artist exhibited his most interesting genre works at exhibitions of the Itinerants. K. A. Savitsky quickly gained popularity among the general public. The author especially likes his canvas “Acquainted with the Evil One,” which can now be seen in the State Tretyakov Gallery. Shishkin and Savitsky became such close friends that Ivan Ivanovich asked his friend to become godfather own son. Unfortunately for both of them, the boy died at the age of three. And then other tragedies swept over them. Both buried their wives. Shishkin, submitting to the will of the Creator, believed that troubles reveal an artistic gift in him. He also appreciated his friend’s great talent. Therefore, it is not surprising that K.A. Savitsky became the co-author of the film “Three Bears”. Although Ivan Ivanovich himself knew how to write animals very well.

“Three Bears”: description of the painting

Art critics honestly admit that they do not know the history of the painting. Her concept, the very idea of ​​the canvas, apparently arose during the search for nature on one of the large islands of Seliger, Gorodomlya. The night is receding. Dawn is breaking. The first rays of the sun break through the thick tree trunks and the fog rising from the lake. One powerful pine tree is uprooted from the ground and half broken and occupies the central part of the composition. A fragment of it with a dried crown falls into the ravine on the right. It is not written, but its presence is felt. And what a wealth of colors the landscape painter used! The cool morning air is blue-green, slightly cloudy and foggy. The mood of awakening nature is conveyed in green, blue and sunny yellow colors. In the background, golden rays flicker brightly in the high crowns. The hand of I. Shishkin is felt throughout the work.

Meeting of two friends

Show new job Ivan Ivanovich wanted it for his friend. Savitsky came to the workshop. This is where questions arise. Either Shishkin suggested that Konstantin Apollonovich add three bears to the picture, or Savitsky himself looked at it with a fresh look and made a proposal to introduce an animalistic element into it. This, undoubtedly, should have enlivened the desert landscape. And so it was done. Savitsky very successfully, very organically fit four animals onto a fallen tree. The well-fed, cheerful cubs turned out to be like little children frolicking and exploring the world under the supervision of a strict mother. He, like Ivan Ivanovich, signed on canvas. But when Shishkin’s painting “Three Bears” came to P. M. Tretyakov, he, having paid the money, demanded that Savitsky’s signature be washed away, since the main work was done by Ivan Ivanovich, and his style was undeniable. This is where we can finish the description of Shishkin’s painting “Three Bears”. But this story has a “sweet” continuation.

Confectionery factory

In the 70s XIX century enterprising Germans Einem and Geis built a confectionery factory in Moscow that produced very high-quality candies, cookies and other similar products. To increase sales, an advertising proposal was invented: print reproductions of Russian paintings on candy wrappers, and on the back - brief information about the picture. It turned out both tasty and educational. It is now unknown when P. Tretyakov’s permission was received to put reproductions of paintings from his collection on candy, but on one of the candy wrappers, which depicts the painting “Three Bears” by Shishkin, the year is 1896.

After the revolution, the factory expanded, and V. Mayakovsky was inspired and composed an advertisement, which is printed on the side of the candy wrapper. She encouraged people to save money in a savings bank to buy delicious but expensive candies. And up to today in any chain store you can buy the “Clubfooted Bear”, which is remembered by all sweet tooths as “The Three Bears”. The same name was assigned to the painting by I. Shishkin.