Yu Vasnetsov is an artist and illustrator. Illustrator Yuri Vasnetsov: biography, creativity, paintings and illustrations

07.10.2021

“When I was a child, my mother read all the books and fairy tales to me. And so did my nanny. The fairy tale entered into me...
The publishing house gives me the text. I take the one I like. And sometimes there is no fairy tale in it. It happens that it is only four or even two lines, and you can’t make a fairy tale out of them. And I'm looking for a fairy tale... I always remember who the book will be for." Yu. Vasnetsov

One example of a combination of a book of remarkable quality + competent popularization of creativity and preservation of heritage is books about Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov, which are published by his daughter Elizaveta Yuryevna Vasnetsova.

A long time ago I showed the first book from Vasnetsov’s series “The Unknown Yuri Vasnetsov”. It was released in 2011. And a year later a sequel was released: “The Famous Yuri Vasnetsov”!

"The famous Yuri Vasnetsov." Materials for the biography of the great artist. 106 lifetime publications: description, official press, responses from readers and colleagues. Pskov regional printing house, 2012. 480 p.

Under the general editorship of E.Yu. Vasnetsova.

The publisher's foreword is so good that I'm sorry to chop it up into quotes. Let it be in its entirety:

And what magnificent artists! People involved in printing understand: what was printed on captured post-war equipment cannot be repeated on ultra-modern Japanese-German machines. The colors have changed, the paper has changed, the attitude towards the book has changed. All in the past. This book is dedicated to the work of one of the best children's book illustrators of the 20th century, Yuri Vasnetsov. We were prompted to work by a recently published book - materials for the biography of the great artist “Unknown Yuri Vasnetsov”. Since the title of the book was somewhat provocative, since the name of the artist is widely known, we had no choice but to call ours - “Famous Yuri Vasnetsov,” especially since this is a book about books, the first attempt in Russian book science to systematize the work of Yuri Vasnetsov as an illustrator of children's books. books. (A story about Yuri Vasnetsov - a painter, the creator of a series of magnificent prints and the author of drawings in children's magazines "Murzilka", "Funny Pictures", "Bonfire" - in the future.) This publication, as it seems to us, is the first attempt to systematize the entire work of one artist - from the first edition, the book “Karabash” in 1929, to the last lifetime edition, “What are we doing” in 1973. The publishers have conscientiously collected everything that they could find, but they rightly believe that there may be publications from the period of the Great Patriotic War and publications from the 20s and 30s that we have not taken into account. We will be grateful for the help of bibliographers and collectors - for additions, corrections and any information about unknown facts and lifetime publications of Yuri Vasnetsov. The appearance of such masterpieces of illustration as “The Stolen Sun”, “Three Bears”, “Cat’s House” and so on and so forth could not have happened without a brilliant environment - his artist friends and teachers in the creation of children’s illustrated books: V. Lebedeva , V. Konashevich, V. Tambi, V. Kurdov, A. Pakhomov, E. Charushin, N. Tyrsa. I would like to think that we will set an example for our colleagues to publish this kind of publications about the work of artists from the golden age of children's illustrated books. The history of children's books of the 20th century awaits its Karamzin. We publish materials for the biography of only one of the artists. The publishing principle is as follows:

A scientific description is given, the cover and back are reproduced (as a rule, if it contains an element of drawing);
- the best, in our opinion, illustrations are given, as well as
- sketches, sketches, drawings;
- the most striking critical articles are published, including abusive ones from the 30s and 40s;
- in addition, photographs are published;
- letters, memoirs, business documents related to the publishing process. Mostly previously unpublished materials were selected. To make the reading process easier, not all illustrations are captioned. In the “Lifetime Editions” section, which contains the required elements - cover, back, title page, illustrations from a specific book, these elements are presented without signatures. For other illustrations - photographs, sketches, letters, objects of applied art and others - captions are given. A bibliographic list of sources used with extended descriptions is presented in chronological order at the end of the publication. In-text and interlinear references to sources are given in abbreviated form.

The publishers express gratitude to the custodians of the family archive - daughters Elizaveta Yuryevna and Natalya Yuryevna Vasnetsov, the library of the publishing house "Young Guard" and personally E.I. Ivanova and L.V. Petrov, as well as S.G. Kosyanov - for help in publishing this book.

Let's look at the book first. Horizontal layout, fabric binding, strap. The cover is completely consistent with the style of the series.

on the fabric there is a relief drawing by Vasnetsov: The Little Humpbacked Horse

And the endpapers are very interesting: they show a fragment of a tapestry from an unidentified factory based on illustrations by Yu. Vasnetsov. Counterfeit product of the early 21st century!

From the publisher
Erast Kuznetsov "About the book graphics of Yuri Vasnetsov"
Elizaveta Vasnetsova "How dad worked on a book"
Lifetime editions (the main part of the book from pp. 49-419)
Key dates of life and work
List of lifetime publications
Valentin Kurbatov "Knocking, strumming along the street..."

First, about what's around. There are a lot of interesting things around lifetime publications! These are photographs published for the first time, and not ceremonial portraits, which can easily be inserted into any publication, be it an article in a magazine or a book. And these are momentary, random ones, which do not seem to be suitable as a “title photo”, but for those who value every bit of information and memory about the artist, these photographs will bring joy, they fit perfectly here into the accompanying materials - like this photograph from the 1960s X

or a photograph from a small feast at home (not the noisy Vasnetsov celebrations, but together with Vladimir Vasilyevich, modestly. And then a masterpiece artistic telegram to the hero of the day from the Lebedevs:

Elizaveta Vasnetsova's articles are richly illustrated with archival materials: photographs, documents, sketches, sketches. Here, for example, are sketches for S. Marshak’s book “English Folk Songs”, 1943

and here is a sketch for it - and an excerpt from such a warm and sincere article by Elizaveta Yuryevna “How dad worked on a book”

Or the “storyboard” of the illustration “A ship runs across the blue sea” for the book “Rainbow-Arc” 1965-1968: first a sketch of the illustration (glass, watercolor, whitewash)

then drawing (paper, graphite pencil)

and then the illustration itself (paper, watercolor, whitewash, ink)

Well, now the main part of the book is the reproduction of 106 lifetime publications, accompanied by press clippings, responses from readers and colleagues, as well as numerous additional materials. From the very first book “Karabash” to the last one in my lifetime. The artist’s career from 1929 to 1973, almost half a century!

Finally, there is an opportunity to look at the fantastic book “Swamp”, which Erast Davydovich Kuznetsov talked about so temptingly in “The Bear is Flying, twirling its tail”:

"...The book "Swamp" was published in 1931 - the third, but I would like to consider it the first, because Vasnetsov began, of course, not with "Karabash" and not with "How Dad Shot My Ferret", but precisely with "Swamp" .<...>

Indeed, this book is strange, some kind of monster, if you look at it impartially. You can't compare it with either the first or the second - it's all awkward and awkward. It is not clear what it is about and why. Doesn't fit into any genre. It would be hard to classify it as an “educational book about the life of nature”: the pictures are not very clear, jumbled, confused.<...>

Many people wrote with admiration about the originality of "Swamp". This admiration can be understood by anyone who was lucky enough to see Vasnetsov’s drawings at one of his exhibitions or in the collections of the Russian Museum, where they are stored, and appreciate their rare pictorial richness - richness of color, richness of texture.”

Each book has a cover, back

Sometimes - internal pages, sometimes - additional materials - sketches

toys and objects that Yuri Alekseevich held in his hands

The artist’s achievements are very interesting: for example, on the page of the illustration for the book “Shah-Rooster”

there are sketches by the artist: it is known that when Vasnetsov illustrated folk tales, he worked very carefully in museums and libraries, studied ethnographic sources

The imprint and description are given very fully: even information is included where the book was printed

In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to very important words from the publishers’ preface: “I would like to think that we will set an example for our colleagues to publish this kind of publications about the work of artists of the golden age of children’s illustrated books. The history of children’s books of the 20th century is waiting for its Karamzin. We publish materials to the biography of only one of the artists."

I liked that the publishers are so welcoming to share their thoughts and invite everyone to follow them and start publishing similar books about other masters of the book. It’s great that they don’t put a bold patent and copyright mark on their idea of systematizing the artist’s publications.

A wonderful book, thanks to Elizaveta Yuryevna Vasnetsova!

Elena Khomutova Target : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A..

Vasnetsova Tasks : teach to carefully examine illustrations, highlight the expressive characteristic means of the artist, expand and intensify dictionary

: artist, illustrator, illustration. To develop in children the ability to expressively read familiar nursery rhymes and to cultivate an interest in book graphics. Materials : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A.: laptop, projector, screen, presentation “Illustrations by Yu. ", gouache paints, paint brushes, cotton swabs, jars of water, 2 easels, shaded silhouettes of flowers, artist's cap, swan costume, A2 sheet with an image of a swan on the river, illustrations by Yu. Vasnetsova and E

. Charushina, classical music by Saint-Sane "The Swan", Karel Gott music from the film "Three Nuts for Cinderella". Preliminary work : conversation about book graphics “Why do we need pictures in books?”, looking at illustrations by E. I. Charushin, memorizing nursery rhymes : “Grandfather Hedgehog”, “The cat went to the market”, “Kitsonka-Murysonka”, “Ivanushka”, drawing.

fabulous flowers

Progress of the lesson: children enter the hall and stand in a semicircle. Q. Guys, what are your mood today? (Answers children

: good, joyful, cheerful.)

B. Let's stand in a circle, hold hands and convey our good mood to each other.

All the children gathered in a circle.

I am your friend and you are my friend.

Let's hold hands tighter

And let's smile at each other. Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles?

(Children's answers)

Listen carefully.

Not a bush, but with leaves,

Not a shirt, but sewn, Not a person, but. tells

(Book)

Children's answers. V. Well done, you guessed correctly. We show a book with bright illustrations. Guys, do you like when people read books to you? And each of you has your own favorite? Who knows what the pictures in books are called?(Illustrations)

Yes, that's right, pictures in books are called illustrations. Children, why do you think we need illustrations in books? Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles? Who draws them? Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles?

V. That's right, artists, but this profession is called illustrators. And now we will talk about one of them. Children sit in a semicircle.

Many years ago in our state there lived good wizard. And this wizard was an artist. His name was Yuri Vasnetsov.

You ask: "Why a wizard? Wizards only exist in fairy tales? "True and false, he certainly could not perform miracles, but he could draw everything he was talking about. told in fairy tales. Creation : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A. known to adults and children. Everyone loves to look at books with his illustrations.

His works are filled fabulous power, emit kindness and joy. You saw Yuri Alekseevich’s drawings when you were very little, and your mother read “Bai-bayushki, bayu.” and showed you the picture.

Remember? A child reads the nursery rhyme “Bay-bayushki, bay”. If you carefully look at Yuri's illustrations : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A., you can notice distinctive features in the artist’s drawing.

Yuri Alekseevich was born (slide 4-5) in the ancient Russian city of Vyatka, now this city is called Kirov (slide 6). This city is famous for these toys (slide 7).

Do you remember them? Q. Guys, what are your mood today? (Answers: Dymkovo toy)

When he was little, like you, he loved to go to fun fairs where they sold various goods and these wonderful toys. (Slide 8) Little Yura stood for a long time and admired their patterns. And if you look closely at the drawings of Yuri Alekseevich and the Dymkovo toys, you will notice a lot in common.

We suggest comparing the horse from the nursery rhyme “Ivanushka” with the Dymkovo horse.

Thousands of different designs for fairy tales, nursery rhymes and jokes gave us good storyteller Yu. A. Vasnetsov. The most famous books designed by him are “Ladushki” and “Rainbow-Arc” (slide 10).

On the pages of these books we meet Vasnetsov's heroes(slide 11).

Q. Look who’s walking down the winter street? Q. Guys, what are your mood today? (Answers: black, mustachioed cat) What is he carrying? Q. Guys, what are your mood today? (Answers: carries a golden bun).

V. I probably bought it so that there would be enough for all my friends. Do you remember the nursery rhyme for this illustration? The child is reading.

The cat went to market,

The cat bought a pie

The cat went to the street,

The cat bought a bun.

Do you have it yourself?

Or demolish Borenka?

I'll bite myself

Yes, I’ll demolish Borenka too.

V. Guys, what a beauty! In winter it gets dark quickly - so the lantern lights up and illuminates the road. The light from the lantern comes fairy. And why fairy? (Children's answers.) Snowflake circles dance around the lantern. Illustrations by Yu. Vasnetsov is even told about, which is not written in the book. (Slide 12). The child is reading.

Grandfather Hedgehog,

Don't go to the shore:

The snow melted there

Floods the meadow

You'll get your feet wet

Red boots.

Q. Guys, the words in the nursery rhyme sound like a warning that Grandpa Hedgehog should not go to the bank, why? Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles?. But did he listen? Of course not! He went to the shore. But the artist Vasnetsov came up with what's his name help out: I drew Grandpa Hedgehog on a tree stump, in red boots, and a stick in his paws. What do you think he needs the wand for? Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles?. He uses it to measure the depth of the water. What else do we see in the illustration that is not mentioned in the nursery rhyme? (Suggested answers (Answers: in the spring the sun warms, it becomes warm, different flowers appear, willows and buds bloom on the trees. Birds fly in and build nests).

Q. Who's that waving his paws over there on the right? Bunnies! They couldn’t stand it and also ran to the bank - they were surprised how much water was around!

V. How many interesting details Yu came up with. Vasnetsov for a nursery rhyme. He brought us joy with his imagination.

Slide 13. "Kitsonka-murysonka"

Kitty - Murysonka,

Where were you?

At the mill.

Kitty-murysonka,

What were you doing there?

I ground flour.

Little kitten,

What kind of flour did you bake with?

Gingerbread cookies.

Little kitten,

Who did you eat gingerbread with?

Don't eat alone! Don't eat alone!

A dramatization game based on a nursery rhyme.

Slide 14. (The mice dance in circles)

P/n Mice dance in a circle.

V. A long time ago, when there were no books in sight and they still didn’t know how to write, in the village they loved to compose for fun something that does not exist in the world. Slide 15. Fables were sung, people danced to them, and children played in them. And so it became customary, from century to century, to invent fables and act them out on holidays. And the artist Yu. Vasnetsov drew them. And the faces turned out to be fables.

Slide 16 (A bear flies across the sky.)

Slide 17 (I caught a bear.)

Very often in the illustrations of Yu. Vasnetsov we see a fairy forest.

Slide 18-20 (Three Bears)

V. Found out fairy tale? Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles? Notice how huge the tree trunks and the small figure of the girl were drawn by the artist. You look at this forest and it immediately becomes somehow scary! Guys, who do you think you might meet in such a forest? Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles?

How amazing the artist Yu.A. Vasnetsov painted flowers, bushes, trees, animals. (Slides 21 -29). In each illustration they are depicted differently, but everywhere they are elegant, bright, decoratively decorated with dots and circles.

Dresses Vasnetsov their heroes dressed up. Wolves, bears, foxes, which good animals are prevented from living, the artist tried not to dress them up - they didn’t deserve beautiful clothes.

Didactic game "Find drawings by Yu. : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A.". (Children are divided into two teams, look at the illustrations : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A. and Charushin and choose drawings : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A.). The guys explain why they chose this illustration and design the exhibition.

There's a knock on the door. The young artist enters (child).

Artist. Hello, I wanted to give you a painting, but I ran out of paints. Unfolds a sheet of A2 format and, together with the teacher, attaches it to the easel. (On the sheet is an image of a swan on a river). My swan is sad to swim along such shores.

V. Don’t be upset, our children will help you. Guys, do you want to try to become artists yourself? I suggest drawing magic flowers. But to do this, we first need to warm up our fingers.

Finger gymnastics.

Visiting the big toe

They came straight to the house

Index and middle

Nameless and last

Little finger himself

He knocked on the threshold.

Fingers together, friends -

They can't live without each other.

Our fingers are masters

It's time for them to get to work.

Children go to the tables and decorate the silhouettes of shaded flowers. Music by K. Gott from the film “Three Nuts for Cinderella” is played.

At the end, everyone looks at the flowers and finds something interesting in each work.

V. Well done, you completed the task!

Children glue flowers.

Artist. Now the swan is happy, and she wants to play with you.

Educator. One, two, three - we turn into flowers. (Children sit opposite each other along an impromptu river, depicting flowers and grass.

The classical music of Saint-Sane "The Swan" plays, a swan appears (child in a swan costume).

Children read, a child in a swan costume performs the appropriate movements.

Along the river (waves with hands) swan (walk around, gently bending your arms) floats (wave "wings").

Higher (stretch your arms, spread your fingers) berezhka (handles one on top of the other in front of the chest) carries a little head (hands to cheeks, head tilted to one side and the other).

Flapping his white wing (flapping "wings")

For flowers (put your hands together with your wrists, spread your fingers) shakes off the water (shake hands twice).

Lesson summary: Guys, which illustrator’s work did you become familiar with? Q. Guys, do you like to solve riddles?. Why Yuri Vasnetsov can be called a good wizard? Did you like his illustrations?

What painting elements did you use to decorate the magical flowers?

Bibliography

1. Kapitsa O., Karnaukhova I., Kolpakova N., Prokofiev A., Chukovsky K. Oh, winter-winter. - M., Labyrinth Press, 2014.

2. Kudryashova A. Fables in faces. - M., OJSC. Moscow textbooks and cartography, 2009.

3. Kurochkina N. A. Children about book graphics. - St. Petersburg, Aksident, 1997.

4. Kurochkina N. A. Introducing book graphics. - St. Petersburg, Childhood-Press, 2001.

Designing a children's book has always been and will be the most serious test for illustrators because of the incorruptible honesty of little critics. And the highest assessment of the artists’ creativity becomes the recognition of their illustrations, which the memory will keep from childhood, when emotions and first impressions had not yet been erased by life experience. April 4 marks the birthday of the artist who made the meeting with the book unforgettable for the child - Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov. Read about the work of the “fairy-tale” artist in our article.

The first day of April sets a major tone for the whole month—April Fool's Day. On April 2, the world celebrates International Children's Book Day - a holiday without an age limit (after all, “we all come from childhood”), with the obligatory smile, warmth in the chest and a heap of childhood memories. And April 4 marks the birthday of the artist, who made the meeting with the book unforgettable for the child— Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov(1900-1973). The creator of the magical world of fairy-tale images, so close and understandable to a child (after all, his drawings of animals and birds are so similar to toys), the artist was recognized as a classic in the field of children's books during his lifetime. Yuri Alekseevich, whose favorite reading until old age was fairy tales, defined the main task of his work as follows: “In my drawings I try to show a corner of the beautiful world of my native Russian fairy tale, which instills in children a deep love for the people, for our Motherland and its generous nature.”

Yu. A. Vasnetsov

"Fairytale" artist Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov born on April 4, 1900 in Vyatka in the family of a priest, where his grandfather and brothers were also of the clergy. Family Yuri Alekseevich was distantly related to the famous Russian painters Victor and Apollinary Vasnetsov, and another relative, folklorist Alexander Vasnetsov, collected more than 350 folk songs of northern Russia. This fact says a lot - both about the atmosphere in the family and about its “genetic” talent.

Illustration for the fairy tale by P.P. Ershov “The Little Humpbacked Horse” Yu. Vasnetsov

The Vyatka province earned its fame, first of all, for its handicrafts: toy, lace, furniture and chest making. Maria Nikolaevna, the artist’s mother, was a famous embroiderer and lacemaker in Vyatka. Such a cultural family heritage, a folk, as the artist himself said, “bazaar” cultural environment became fertile ground for the development of his talent. And the talent was truly multifaceted (vector of activity Jura was defined by the word “interesting!”): the boy sewed boots, bound books, painted the walls of his room, the shutters and stoves of his neighbors with intricate patterns and fantastic animals characteristic of folk art. Already at that time, his source of inspiration was folk art and folklore traditions. Later, the honored artist admitted:

“I still live what I saw and remembered as a child.”

Illustration for the fairy tale “The Three Bears” Yu. Vasnetsov

To the delight of many generations of children, the love of drawing took over: young Yuri Vasnetsov decided to become a professional artist. Logic suggested what to do next: in 1921. Yuri Alekseevich came to Petrograd and entered the painting department of the State Art Museum, which he successfully graduated in 1926. This was a time when society generated new revolutionary ideas, and Petrograd became an incubator of revolutionary artistic ideas. Among the Petrograd teachers of the young : introduce children to the work of the artist and illustrator Yu. A. were: the Russian “Cezanist” Osip Braz, the Russian “impressionist” A. Karev, Alexander Savinov, the leaders of the Russian avant-garde—Mikhail Matyushin and the Suprematist Kazimir Malevich. The question of what has been achieved Yu. Vasnetsov in painting, remained open for a long time. The individual characteristics of the master’s pictorial language (the artist sought to revive the traditions of Russian primitivism) in his “formalistic” works of the 1920s testify to his extraordinary talent as a painter.

"Lady with a Mouse" Yu. Vasnetsov

The campaign against formalism that began then, Yuri Alekseevich quite rightly perceived it as a warning (ideological persecution had already affected his book graphics) and transferred painting to the category of a hobby, which he trusted only to his family and close artist friends. His works (mainly landscapes and still lifes) were practically unknown to anyone and only after the artist’s death received worthy recognition at a personal exhibition at the State Russian Museum in 1979.

Book graphics have become a worthy alternative to painting. The young artist began to successfully collaborate with the department of children's and youth literature of the State Publishing House under the leadership of V.V. Lebedev. Yuri Alekseevich’s success was in his personal qualities, in his rich imagination, the direct consequence of which was a creative interpretation of the theme of images of Russian folklore—fairy tales. Already in the 1930s, Yu. Vasnetsov became a famous and recognizable illustrator of children's fairy tales by V. Bianki (“Swamp”), P. Ershov (“The Little Humpbacked Horse”), K. Chukovsky (“Confusion,” “Fifty Little Pigs”), L.N. Tolstoy (“Three Bears”) and the author of funny lithographic prints for children on the same fairy-tale themes. A trip to the North in 1931 confirmed the correctness of the chosen path. An appeal to folk origins, the successful combination of refined painting with the traditions of folk art gave rise to the phenomenon of “fairytale” painting by Yu. Vasnetsov, when illustrations acquire paramount importance, subordinating the text.

Illustrations Yu. Vasnetsova

In illustrations Yu. Vasnetsova color plays the main role, and this is a find that still has no equal. Color becomes the first alphabet—“color”—which the child easily and joyfully masters: wolf—gray, fox—red, goose—white. And to create the emotional mood of the drawings and enhance the perception of images, the artist uses background color. This artistic technique, when color becomes the medium of the action taking place, is called the “magic lantern principle.” Constantly focusing on his “Vyatka” world, the artist gave his fairy-tale characters special expressiveness, dressing them up in the costumes of his northern region: the kind Mama Goat and Mama Cat in elegant colored skirts with lace, the offended Bunny “warmed up” with a warm jacket. And, helping the kids to place the accents correctly, he left the evil wolf, fox and bear without clothes.

Illustration for the fairy tale “Three Bears” by Yu. Vasnetsov

Book graphics, although his most beloved, constituted only one facet of his work. During the war years, first in Molotov, and then in Zagorsk, Yu.A.Vasnetsov was the chief artist of the Institute of Toys, taught at the Leningrad School of Fine Arts, created costumes and scenery for performances based on A. Gorky's plays for Leningrad theaters. In 1971, the animated film “Terem-Teremok” was created based on drawings Yu. A. Vasnetsova. The artist's work was highly appreciated, he was awarded the titles: Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1946), People's Artist of the RSFSR (1966) and laureate of the USSR State Prize (1971).

But the artist’s highest reward remains the grateful memory of his descendants.

Vasnetsov Yuri Alekseevich (1900-1973)- graphic artist, painter, People's Artist of the RSFSR (1966). Studied at the Academy of Arts (1921-26) with A.E. Kareva, K.S. Petrova-Vodkina, N.A. Tyrsa.

Vasnetsov's work is inspired by the poetics of Russian folklore. The most famous are illustrations for Russian fairy tales, songs, riddles (“Three Bears” by L. N. Tolstoy, 1930; collection “Miracle Ring”, 1947; “Fables in Faces”, 1948; “Ladushki”, 1964; “Rainbow- arc", 1969, State Ave. USSR, 1971). He created individual color lithographs (“Teremok”, 1943; “Zaykina’s hut”, 1948).

After Vasnetsov’s death, his exquisite pictorial stylizations in the spirit of the primitive (“Lady with a Mouse”, “Still Life with a Hat and a Bottle”, 1932-1934) became known.

Word to the artist Vasnetsov Yu.A.

“I am so grateful to Vyatka - my homeland, my childhood - I saw the beauty!” (Vasnetsov Yu.A.)
“I remember spring in Vyatka. The streams are flowing, so stormy, like waterfalls, and we, guys, are launching boats... In the spring, a fun fair opened - Whistling. The fair is elegant and fun. And what not! Clay dishes, pots, jars, jugs. Homespun tablecloths with all sorts of patterns... I really loved Vyatka toys made of clay, wood, plaster horses, cockerels - everything was interesting in color. The carousels at the fair are all covered in beads, all in sparkles - geese, horses, strollers, and always an accordion plays" (Vasnetsov Yu.A.)
“Draw, write what you love. Look around you more... You can’t explain everything terribly, or draw it out. When a lot of something has been done and drawn, then naturalism appears. Here, let's say, a flower. Take it, but rework it - let it be a flower, but different. Chamomile - and not chamomile. I like forget-me-nots for their blueness, with a yellow spot in the middle. Lilies of the valley... When I smell them, it seems to me that I am a king..." (Vasnetsov Yu.V. From advice to young artists)
(Vasnetsov Yu.A.)
“In my drawings I try to show a corner of the beautiful world of our native Russian fairy tale, which instills in children a deep love for the people, for our Motherland and its generous nature” (Vasnetsov Yu.A.)
When asked what was the most expensive gift he received, the artist answered: “Life. Life given to me"

Yuri Vasnetsov was born on April 4, 1900 in the ancient city of Vyatka, in the family of a priest. Both his grandfather and his father’s brothers belonged to the clergy. Yu.A. Vasnetsov was distantly related to Victor and Apollinary Vasnetsov. The large family of Father Alexy Vasnetsov lived in a two-story house next to the cathedral, in which the priest served. Yura loved this temple very much - the cast-iron tiles of its floor, rough so that the foot would not slip, the huge bell, the oak staircase that led to the top of the bell tower...

The artist absorbed his love for colorful folk culture in his old native Vyatka: “I still live by what I saw and remembered in childhood.”
The entire Vyatka province was famous for its handicrafts: furniture, chests, lace, and toys. And Mother Maria Nikolaevna herself was a noble lacemaker and embroiderer, famous in the city. Little Yura will remember for the rest of his life the towels embroidered with roosters, painted boxes, multi-colored clay and wooden horses, lambs in bright pants, lady dolls - “painted from the heart, from the soul.”

As a boy, he himself painted the walls of his room, shutters and stoves in his neighbors' houses with bright patterns, flowers, horses and fantastic animals and birds. He knew and loved Russian folk art, and this later helped him draw his amazing illustrations for fairy tales. And the costumes that were worn in his native northern regions, and the festive dresses of horses, and wooden carvings on windows and porches of huts, and painted spinning wheels and embroidery - everything that he saw from an early age was useful to him for fairy-tale drawings. Even as a child, he enjoyed all kinds of manual labor. He sewed boots and bound books, loved to skate and fly kites. Vasnetsov’s favorite word was “interesting.”

After the revolution, all families of priests, including the Vasnetsov family (mother, father and six children), were literally evicted to the streets. “... My father no longer served in the cathedral, which was closed... and he didn’t serve anywhere at all... He would have cheated and resigned his rank, but it was then that his meek firmness of spirit was revealed: he continued to walk in a cassock, with a pectoral cross and long hair,” recalled Yuri Alekseevich. The Vasnetsovs wandered around strange corners and soon bought a small house. Then we had to sell it, we lived in a former bathhouse...
Yuri went to seek his fortune in Petrograd in 1921. He dreamed of becoming an artist. Miraculously, he entered the painting department of the State Art Academy of Arts (later Vkhutemas); successfully completed his studies in 1926.

His teachers were the bustling capital Petrograd itself with its European palaces and the Hermitage full of world treasures. They were followed by a long line of many and varied teachers who opened the world of painting to the young provincial. Among them were the academically trained Osip Braz, Alexander Savinov, the leaders of the Russian avant-garde - the “flower artist” Mikhail Matyushin, the Suprematist Kazimir Malevich. And in the “formalistic” works of the 1920s, the individual characteristics of Vasnetsov’s pictorial language testified to the extraordinary talent of the novice artist.

In search of income, the young artist began to collaborate with the department of children's and youth literature of the State Publishing House, where, under the artistic direction of V.V. Lebedeva happily found himself in the interpretation of themes and images of Russian folklore - fairy tales in which his natural craving for humor, grotesque and good irony was best satisfied.
In the 1930s. He became famous for his illustrations for the books “Swamp”, “The Little Humpbacked Horse”, “Fifty Little Pigs” by K.I. Chukovsky, “Three Bears” by L.I. Tolstoy. At the same time, he made excellent - elegant and fascinating - lithographic prints for children, based on the same plot motifs.

The artist made amazing illustrations for Leo Tolstoy’s fairy tale “The Three Bears”. The big, scary, enchanted forest and the bear's hut are too big for a little lost girl. And the shadows in the house are also dark and eerie. But then the girl ran away from the bears, and the forest immediately brightened in the drawing. This is how the artist conveyed a major mood with paints. It’s interesting to watch how Vasnetsov dresses his characters. Elegant and festive - the nurse mother-Goat, mother-Cat. He will definitely give them colorful skirts with frills and lace. And he will take pity on the bunny who was offended by the Fox and put on a warm jacket. The artist tried not to dress up the wolves, bears, and foxes that interfere with the lives of good animals: they did not deserve beautiful clothes.

Thus, continuing to search for his path, the artist entered the world of children's books. Purely formal searches gradually gave way to folk culture. The artist increasingly looked back into his “Vyatka” world.
A trip to the North in 1931 finally convinced him of the correctness of his chosen path. He turned to folk sources, already being experienced in the intricacies of modern pictorial language, which gave rise to the phenomenon that we can now call the phenomenon of Yuri Vasnetsov’s painting. The still life with a large fish fully demonstrates new bright trends in Vasnetsov’s works.

On a small red tray, crossing it diagonally, lies a large fish sparkling with silver scales. The unique composition of the painting is akin to a heraldic sign and at the same time a folk rug on the wall of a peasant hut. Using a dense, viscous mass of paint, the artist achieves amazing persuasiveness and authenticity of the image. The external contrasts of the planes of red, ocher, black and silver-gray are tonally balanced and give the work the feeling of a monumental painting.

So, book illustrations constituted only one side of his work. The main goal of Vasnetsov’s life was always painting, and he pursued this goal with fanatical persistence: he worked independently, studied under the guidance of K.S. Malevich in Ginkhuk, studied in graduate school at the All-Russian Academy of Arts.

In 1932-34. he finally created several works (“Lady with a Mouse”, “Still Life with a Hat and a Bottle”, etc.), in which he showed himself to be a very important master who successfully combined the refined pictorial culture of his time with the tradition of folk “bazaar” art, which he appreciated and loved. But this late self-discovery coincided with the campaign against formalism that began then. Fearing ideological persecution (which had already affected his book graphics), Vasnetsov made painting a secret activity and showed it only to close people. In his landscapes and still lifes, emphatically unpretentious in their motives and extremely sophisticated in their pictorial form, he achieved impressive results, uniquely reviving the traditions of Russian primitivism. But these works were practically unknown to anyone.

In Vasnetsov’s bright, entertaining and witty drawings, Russian folklore found perhaps the most organic embodiment; more than one generation of young readers grew up on them, and during his lifetime he himself was recognized as a classic in the field of children’s books. In a Russian folk tale, everything is unexpected, unknown, incredible. If you are scared, then you will tremble; if you are joyful, then it is a feast for the whole world. So the artist makes his drawings for the book “Rainbow-Arc” bright, festive - sometimes the page is blue with a bright rooster, sometimes it’s red, and on it is a brown bear with a birch staff.

The artist's difficult life left an indelible mark on his relationships with people. Usually trusting and gentle in character, already being married, he became unsociable. He never exhibited as an artist, never performed anywhere, citing the upbringing of two daughters, one of whom, the eldest, Elizaveta Yuryevna, would later become a famous artist.
Leaving home and family, even for a short time, was a tragedy for him. Any separation from the family was unbearable, and the day when they had to set off was a ruined day.
Before leaving the house, Yuri Alekseevich even shed a tear from grief and melancholy, but still did not forget to put some gift or cute trinket under everyone’s pillow. Even friends gave up on this homebody - a man for great art has disappeared!

Until his old age, Yuri Alekseevich’s favorite reading remained fairy tales. And my favorite pastimes are painting still lifes and landscapes with oil paints, illustrating fairy tales, and in the summer fishing on the river, always with a fishing rod.
Only a few years after the artist’s death, his paintings were shown to viewers at an exhibition at the State Russian Museum (1979), and it became clear that Vasnetsov was not only an excellent book graphic artist, but also one of the outstanding Russian painters of the 20th century.

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND YOUTH AFFAIRS OF THE RF

PETROZAVODSK PEDAGOGICAL COLLEGE

Preschool department

Essay

Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov

Completed:

Irina Vladimirovna Bogomolova

Alena Nikolaevna Gurkova

Anna Valerievna Skrynnik

Natalya Vladimirovna Popova

students of group 431

Checked:

Dranevich L.V.

PPC teacher

Petrozavodsk 2005

CHAPTER 1 Biography of Yu.A. Vasnetsova……………………………………..3-5

CHAPTER 2 Features of the image of Vasnetsov’s illustrations……………6-7

CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………………8

APPENDIX………………………………………………………………9-12

LIST OF REFERENCES……………………………13

CHAPTER 1 Biography of Yu.A. Vasnetsova

Yu.A. Vasnetsov was born (1900 - 1973) in Vyatka, in the family of a Vyatka priest, and was distantly related to Victor and Apollinary Vasnetsov. Mother knitted, embroidered, and wove lace. The combination of cream, marsh greens, and pale blue in lace could serve as a lesson to the young painter. Father's influence is different: character - perseverance, to go to the end in any matter, to be devoted, true to the word. Sisters - from them kindness, sacrifice, love. All roads are for Yurochka. But he also gave gifts and loved passionately. Kolya Kostrov and Zhenya Charushin are artist-friends for life in Vyatka and Leningrad. With Arkady Rylov, an academician (a student of Kuindzhi), Yuri wrote sketches as a boy, and then studied in his workshop at the Academy.

Obsessed with the desire to become an artist, he came to Petrograd in 1921 and entered the painting department of the State Art Museum (later VKHUTEMAS), studied with A.E. Kareeva, M.V. Matyushkina, K.S. Malevich and N.A. Tyrsa; He successfully completed his studies in 1926. The most interesting thing about Matyushin is color. You paint a Christmas tree in the sunset sky, so you need to find a beautiful third color and place it between the object and the environment so that all three colors sparkle. And although Yuri studied materiality, objectivity, playing with form, with pictorial texture in graduate school from Malevich, he never forgot Matyushin’s color-cohesion. In the best children's illustrations and paintings, of course, he used the principles of the Matyushin school.

In the 1930s. He became famous for his illustrations for the books “Swamp”, “The Little Humpbacked Horse” (see appendix) by P. P. Ershov, “Fifty Little Pigs”, “The Stolen Sun” by K. I. Chukovsky, “Three Bears” by L. I. Tolstoy. At the same time, he made excellent - elegant and fascinating - lithographic prints for children, based on the same plot motifs.

During the war years, spent first in Molotov (Perm), then in Zagorsk (Sergiev Posad), where he was the chief artist of the Institute of Toys, Vasnetsov performed poetic illustrations for “English folk songs” by S. Ya. Marshak (1943), and then for his book "Cat's House" (1947). New success was brought to him by illustrations for the folklore collections “The Miracle Ring” (1947) and “Fables in Faces” (1948). Vasnetsov worked unusually intensively, varying the themes and images dear to him many times. The well-known collections “Ladushki” (1964) and “Rainbow-Arc” 1969 (see appendix) became a unique result of his many years of activity. In Vasnetsov’s bright, entertaining and witty drawings, Russian folklore found perhaps the most organic embodiment; more than one generation of young readers grew up on them, and during his lifetime he himself was recognized as a classic in the field of children’s books.

Meanwhile, book graphics constituted only one side of his work. The main goal of Vasnetsov’s life was always painting, and he pursued this goal with fanatical tenacity: he worked independently, studied under the guidance of K. S. Malevich in Ginkhuk, and studied graduate school at the All-Russian Academy of Arts.

In 1932-34. he finally created several works (“Lady with a Mouse”, “Still Life with a Chessboard” (see appendix), etc.), in which he showed himself to be a very great master who successfully combined the refined pictorial culture of his time with the tradition of folk art "market" art, which he appreciated and loved. But this late self-discovery coincided with the campaign against formalism that began then. Fearing ideological persecution (which had already affected his book graphics), Vasnetsov made painting a secret activity and showed it only to close people.

CHAPTER 2 Features of the image of Vasnetsov’s illustrations

Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov created a bright, unique mitre of fairy-tale images, close and understandable to every child.

The pensive forest region where the artist was born and raised, his childhood impressions of the “Whistlers” toy fair with elegant Dymkovo lady dolls, brightly painted roosters, and horses had a noticeable influence on his work. Many characters in Yu.A.’s drawings Vasnetsov are similar to images born of folk fantasy. For example, the horses in the illustrations for the nursery rhymes “Ivanushka” and “The Horse” are very similar to the Dymkovo horse.

The closer you get to know Vasnetsov’s works, the more you admire the richness of his creative imagination: the artist painted so many animals and they are all very different. Everyone has their own character, their own manner of behavior, their own style of clothing. In the illustration for the nursery rhyme “Mice,” Yuri Alekseevich depicted a round dance of nineteen little mice: the mouse girls have bright skirts decorated with stripes, and the boys have colorful shirts with buttons.

The artist introduced a lot of fun inventions and games into the illustrations for the nursery rhyme “Kitsonka”. The fairy mill is very decorative. It is decorated with arcs, dots, wavy and broken lines. The wings of the mill are woven from old light shingles. There is a cute little mouse living in the mill. He climbed onto the windowsill and looks out the window with interest. Around the mill there are amazing magical flowers that are so beautifully illuminated by the sun. Kisonka put the gingerbread cookies in a large wicker basket. The gingerbread cookies are white, with beautiful patterns and very tasty! Despite the fact that the nursery rhyme says nothing about who Kisonka met on the way, the artist himself came up with and depicted this meeting.

Yu.A. bears a very large burden in his works. Vasnetsova color. He often exudes joy. And in the illustrations for the nursery rhymes “Jump-Jump” and “Horse”, the bright yellow background not only conveys the picture of a warm sunny day, but also enhances the perception of the images created by the artist. The dark brown figures of baby squirrels are clearly visible against the yellow background, walking importantly along the bridge. Thanks to the light background, we see their fluffy fur and admire the tufts on their ears.

Although in the drawings of Yu.A. Vasnetsov's birds and animals look like toys, but at the same time they are very original and expressive. Fairy-tale images, born of the artist’s imagination, are close and understandable to children, because he found an artistic form that most accurately corresponds to the characteristics of children’s perception.

A born artist appears to the world with his own language and theme. When Yuri Vasnetsov was asked what his favorite colors were, he answered unexpectedly: “I love black paint, it helps with contrast. Ocher is like gold. I like English red because of the materiality of the color.” That’s right, these are colors that in ancient Russian icons denote divine energy. The concept of the power and materiality of the energy flow entered the artist’s subconscious in the temple while contemplating icons: his father served in the Vyatka Cathedral. Yuri Vasnetsov did not like to theorize, but, taking painting seriously and thoughtfully, he intuitively and experimentally moved towards the concept of “color tone” (tone - tension), achieving lighting effects not plein airistically or impressionistically, but making the very flesh of the painting, texture, material glow - colored pencil, watercolor, gouache, oil. Its color spot is consistent in light intensity with its neighbors and a dull, velvety, restrained, open, bright, contrasting, different, but always harmonious coloring is born.

CONCLUSION.

Yu.A. Vasnetsov is a wonderful artist and storyteller. Kindness, calmness, and humor are characteristic of his work. His drawings are always a holiday for young and old. This is a master who is closely and organically connected with the traditions of Russian folk art and at the same time enriched with the experience of modern visual culture. Vasnetsov’s originality lies in the fact that the themes of his paintings and drawings are deeply rooted in national folklore.

In his drawings for children, Yu.A. Vasnetsov talentedly combined fairy tales and reality. And no matter what happens in these illustrations, it is always something good and bright that neither children nor adults want to part with. In Vasnetsov’s illustrations, as in the soul of a child, there lives a simple-minded perception of the world, brightness and spontaneity, so for children they seem to be taken for granted, their own, familiar. For an adult, these drawings are a long-forgotten happiness to immerse yourself in a joyful, naive, benevolent world, where the round-eyed bunny dances so selflessly, the lights in the huts burn so comfortably, the magpie manages homely, where the mice are not afraid of the cat, and the cat is not going to eat them, where such a round and elegant sun, such a blue sky, clouds like fluffy pancakes.

In his landscapes and still lifes, emphatically unpretentious in their motives and extremely sophisticated in their pictorial form, he achieved impressive results, uniquely reviving the traditions of Russian primitivism. But these works were practically unknown to anyone. Only a few years after the artist’s death, his paintings were shown to viewers at an exhibition at the State Russian Museum (1979), and it became clear that Vasnetsov was not only an excellent book graphic artist, but also one of the outstanding Russian painters of the 20th century. Everything in Vasnetsov’s illustrations and paintings is chosen and taken from life. Life is a fairy tale. When Vasnetsov was asked about the most expensive gift he received, he answered: “Life, the life given to me.” Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov died in 1973 in Leningrad.

APPLICATION:

Illustration for the fairy tale by P. P. Ershov "The Little Humpbacked Horse". 1935

Illustration for the book "Rainbow-arc. Russian folk songs, nursery rhymes, jokes." 1969

Still life with a chessboard. 1926-28. Oil

Lady with a mouse. 1932-34. Oil

Teremok. 1947. F., m

Illustration for "The Stolen Sun" by K. Chukovsky. 1958

Illustration for "Rainbow Arc", a collection of Russian folk songs, nursery rhymes, and jokes. 1969

LIST OF REFERENCES USED:

1. Doronova T.N. for preschoolers about children's book artists M.: Prosveshchenie, 1991. – 126 p.

2. Kurochkina N.A. Children about book graphics. St. Petersburg: Aktsident, 1997. – 190 p.