The first mention of this territory dates back to the 19th century. At that time, the owner of the property was General Glazova. Her estate was located here.
In 1879, instead of the old building, a new one was erected according to the design of the architect Alexander Ivanovich Rezanov, rector of architecture at the Academy of Arts, commissioned by K.S. Popov, a tea merchant who built the first tea plantations in the Caucasus. He is known for the following projects: the palace of Prince Vladimir Alexandrovich on Palace Embankment, St. Petersburg, and decoration.
aramis7, CC BY-SA 3.0In 1894, the building was rebuilt according to the design of the architect Viktor Aleksandrovich Mazyrin and commissioned by Mikhail Abramovich Morozov, a manufacturer. When Morozov died, his house went to his wife Margarita Kirillovna.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Ushkov factory owners became the owners. Then the mansion was nationalized, and a club began to operate here October Revolution. In the 1920s, the district party committee was located here, later a branch of the House of Pioneers of the Kyiv region.
In the 21st century, the premises are occupied by a bank.
Architecture
In 1879, the architect was A.I. Rezanov. According to the architect's idea, the appearance of the house belongs to the eclectic era, neo-Greek style. However, the interior is designed in the Empire style.
In 1894, the architect was V. A. Mazyrin. During the reconstruction, the appearance of the facade remained in the neo-Greek style.
Shakko, CC BY-SA 4.0 Two wings were built connected to the mansion. There is a room in the house called Egyptian, where there were sphinxes and a sarcophagus with a mummy.
Shakko, CC BY-SA 4.0 Literature
Writer K. A. Korovin, in the story “Funeral of the Mummy,” talked about a sarcophagus with a mummy. One day Morozov and his friends decided to open it:
“Why do you have a dead person in your house?” - he (Professor G.A. Zakharyin) asked the owner of the house.
“Which dead man?” - Morozov was scared.
“And the mummy?” - Zakharyin did not calm down, and he ordered the mummy to be removed.
In the book the mummy was removed, but in real life the mummy was taken to the Rumyantsev Museum in 1895. Now it is presented in the Egyptian Hall of the Pushkin Museum.
Famous guests
The artist V. A. Serov often visited the house, where he illustrated Morozov. Under Margarita Kirillovna, the following people gathered in the house: composer Alexander Scriabin, singer Leonid Sobinov, poet Andrei Bely, who wrote poems for Margarita.
Not far from Arbat in Glazovsky Lane on the corner with Smolensky Boulevard there is a luxurious estate. The surname of the first owner who lived here in late XVIII century of General Glazova, is preserved in the name of the lane. At the end of the last century, Mikhail Abramovich Morozov, a representative of the most famous merchant family, became the owner of the mansion. pre-revolutionary Russia. His patronymic, it must be said, is deceptive; it was simply customary in Old Believer families to give children biblical names.
After returning to the circles of private property ideals, the house was bought by the founders of the bank that existed before the default of the Russian Credit Bank. The house is well-built and harmonious from the outside, made in classical canons and proportions and therefore familiar to the eye. But inside, it is able to amaze the richest imagination. The Egyptian front door, guarded by sphinxes, ornaments of mysterious signs on the walls, a real sarcophagus with a mummy in the hallway, as if a time machine transports the visitor to the past millennia.
Opening the doors, moving from room to room, you travel through cultural heritage different nations. There is an antique and lush Orient here, as if from the fairy tale of 1001 nights. I can't even believe that complex patterns the eastern living room, of which literally every centimeter of the walls and ceiling is made by the hands of Russian craftsmen, everything is so indistinguishable from the best examples of Arabic decorative arts. The Morozovs inherited the decor of the house from the previous owner, tea merchant K.S. Popov, for whom this ancient building was rebuilt in 1874.
To the owner of the house Margarita Kirillovna interior decoration she didn’t like the house, she found it “bizarre and ugly decorated”; however, it was not possible to redo it. Margarita Kirillovna Morozova, née Mamontova, was known as the first beauty of Moscow. She was an extraordinary woman, did charity work, helped Scriabin and Diaghilev.
Seriously interested in philosophy, strongly supported Russian thinkers silver age: Berdyaev, Florensky, Bulgakov, Rozanov. Andrei Bely was in love with her, who dedicated the Mansion of M.A. Morozov to her. many lines in "The Blizzard Cup" and the poem "First Date". They say that Vrubel painted his swan princess from it.
Mikhail Abramovich loved painting and was friends with many artists. Besides Vrubel, among them were Korovin, Levitan, Serov. The latter, however, is the author of a rather impartial portrait of Morozov, with which he tried to express his dislike for that class, the brightest representative which Morozov appeared, but, supposedly, without personal hostility to the prototype. Morozov was generous enough to accept the portrait and pay for it without blaming the mirror. So, for Sunday breakfasts, at two o’clock in the afternoon, curiously, the Morozovs gathered all of picturesque Moscow. They were treated in the artists' house, in gratitude for the spiritual food they supplied, no less picturesque and artistic.
Beef a la Chateaubriand, six appetizers, two roasts: turkey stuffed with chestnuts, young boar with truffles and liver, fish, salads, sweet pies, pistachio ice cream. We washed it down with pink champagne, drinking classic in the morning was considered bad manners. Collecting paintings from the age of 20, Morozov also became interested in the Impressionists, and was the first Russian collector to appreciate Renoir, Degas, Van Gogh and Gauguin.
An excellent collection was housed in winter garden and in many rooms of this luxury mansion. Morozov died early, at the age of 33, and Margarita Kirillovna donated the collection to the Tretyakov Gallery in 1910. The Western European part of the collection later ended up in the Hermitage and Pushkin Museum. By the way, the Greek hall of the Tsvetaevsky Museum was built with money donated by Morozov.
Margarita Kirillovna lived, unlike her husband, long life. She sold the house before the revolution, refused her husband’s inheritance in favor of her children, she had four of them. She did not leave Morozov, although there were times when the only safe place for her was the crypt of her late husband at the Rogozhskoye cemetery, in which she had to hide.
She did not want to leave after the revolution and lived the second half of her life in deep poverty. From her past riches, she still has a portrait youngest son Mickey, the work of Serov, with whom she wandered around different corners, having the status of a deprived person, granted by the new government as “gratitude” for all the benefits, without any civil rights.
Address: Smolensky Boulevard 266
If anyone didn’t know, the so-called Days of Historical and cultural heritage, within which mere mortals are given the opportunity to visit the architectural sights of the city, the doors of which are closed to the general public on other days. Of course, you can’t just come and get into, say, the Pashkov House. There is a preliminary registration, which, however, is also not a guarantee. Particular excitement is caused by visiting foreign embassies located in famous Moscow mansions. In general, this is a different story.
And so in May, one might say, I accidentally managed to get into the Danish Embassy, which occupies the mansion of Margarita Kirillovna Morozova in Prechistensky (Dead) Lane. It’s not the ultimate dream, in the sense that there are no luxurious interiors, but the house is remarkable in its own way. 
It was built around 1820 for the guard of Captain N.I. Voeikov, then belonged to the Guryevs, until in 1910 it was acquired by Margarita Kirillovna Morozova, the widow of a major Moscow merchant.
Morozova, nee Mamontova (Savva Mamontov is her cousin) was a Moscow beauty, philanthropist, hostess of one of the most famous literary and musical salons of that time, founder of the Moscow Religious and Philosophical Society. She was friends with Scriabin, Andrei Bely and philosopher Evgeniy Trubetskoy were in love with her.
You are probably familiar with this portrait by Serov. So this is Margarita Kirillovna Morozova.
Morozova's husband Mikhail Abramovich, a representative of the famous merchant dynasty, was a passionate collector, and left behind one of the largest collections of impressionist paintings in Russia. After his death she gave most of it husband's collections Tretyakov Gallery, Pushkin Museum and Hermitage. And besides, she sold the luxurious palace on Smolensky Boulevard, his wedding gift, and decided to buy a more modest home, opting for a mansion in Dead Lane.
To arrange a new home to her taste, Morozova invited the young architect Zholtovsky. Years later he would become a famous Soviet architect, but for now Margarita Kirillovna’s house was one of his first orders. So in 1913, the Empire mansion had a large extension for a hall and a large reception hall with access to the garden through a terrace.
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Zholtovsky made the main entrance to the house in the form of a rotunda surrounded by eight columns with a round vault. The hall is decorated with busts of Princess Dagmar (aka Russian Empress Maria Feodorovna), and her father King Christian IX. Here we were met by the Danish Ambassador to Russia, Mr. Thomas Winkler.
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This big hall receptions in which they gathered famous artists, philosophers, musicians and scientists. Zholtovsky turned the space not along the length, but across the width between the windows on the street side and the huge glass openings of the balcony overlooking the garden, so that at any time of the day someone could enter the room. sunlight. Pilasters, cornice with floral ornament and round medallions - that’s all the decoration, simple and elegant.
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13. Bust of G.-H. Andersen by Burganov.
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16. Portrait of Princess Louise of Denmark.
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21. They didn’t let me go out into the courtyard; some work was being done there.
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24. State dining room.
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28. Through the reception hall and the passage room we head to the library.
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IN early XIX centuries, here, on the corner of Smolensky Boulevard and Glazovsky Lane, there was the estate of General Glazova. But already in 1879, on the foundation of the previous building, it was built new mansion designed by Alexander Ivanovich Rezanov, academician of architecture, rector for architecture of the Academy of Arts. In St. Petersburg, he built the palace of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich on Palace Embankment. In Moscow, he supervised the interior decoration of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
The mansion on Smolensky Boulevard was erected for the owner of a large arcade on Kuznetsky Most, tea merchant K. S. Popov, who was the first to establish tea plantations in the Caucasus. Appearance The mansion and its interiors were designed in the neo-Greek style: a Pompeian living room, a Russian dining room, a hall in the Empire style...
However, in 1894, the mansion was rebuilt again, this time by the architect Viktor Aleksandrovich Mazyrin, for a new owner - manufacturer Mikhail Abramovich Morozov, who was also no stranger to romance.
The main house is located deep in the courtyard and is connected by semicircular wings to small two-story outbuildings. Order decor of the veranda stylizes motifs Greek classics. The building's interiors represent an extraordinary fusion of different styles and cultures. The Egyptian front door with mysterious signs on the walls is guarded by sphinxes, and previously there was a real sarcophagus with a mummy here. And the story “Funeral of the Mummy” describes a case when a company led by Morozov decided to open the sarcophagus. “Why do you have a dead person in your house?” he (Professor G.A. Zakharyin) asked the owner of the house. "Which dead man?" - Morozov was scared. "And the mummy?" - Zakharyin did not calm down, and he ordered the mummy to be removed." According to the plot, the mummy was buried, but in fact, the sarcophagus along with its contents was donated in 1896 Rumyantsev Museum... Oriental patterns in the living room are indistinguishable from the best examples of Arab decorative art. The premises of the former winter garden were adapted to house Morozov’s extensive painting collection.
The artist V. A. Serov often visited the mansion. Here he wrote famous portrait owner of the house.
After the death of Mikhail Abramovich, the mansion passed to his widow Margarita Kirillovna. During her time, a circle of Moscow intelligentsia gathered in the estate. Composer Alexander Scriabin, singer Leonid Sobinov, and a poet who dedicated a poem and several poems to the hostess were here.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the mansion was taken over by the Ushkov factory owners, and after nationalization, the October Revolution Club opened in the house. Somewhat later, in the 1920s, the district party committee began to be located in the estate, and then a branch of the House of Pioneers of the Kyiv region.
In 2019, the restoration of the mansion's facades was completed.
Guide to Architectural StylesFrom the outside, the estate has the usual classic features, and inside it amazes with its decoration: an Egyptian front door with sphinxes, a sarcophagus with a mummy in the hallway, decoration in the style ancient Greece and the lush East. The Morozovs inherited the decor of the house from the previous owner, but the new owner Margarita Morozova did not like the interior. She thought he was quirky and ugly.
The Morozov couple were known throughout Moscow. Mikhail Abramovich loved painting, collected paintings, did charity work and helped artists. The art collection was housed in the winter garden and in many rooms of the mansion on Smolensky Boulevard.
Margarita Kirillovna Morozova was considered the first beauty of Moscow and was also involved in charity work. From it Vrubel painted the swan princess.
Mikhail Morozov died at 33 years old. In 1910, Margarita Kirillovna donated his collection to the Tretyakov Gallery (the Western European part was given to the Hermitage and Pushkin Museum), sold the house, refused the inheritance in favor of the children. After the revolution, Morozova did not leave Russia, despite poverty: from her past riches she only had a portrait of her youngest son Mickey by Serov.
And in the former Morozov mansion on Smolensky Boulevard, after nationalization, the October Revolution Club opened. In the 1920s, the estate housed the district party committee, and then a branch of the House of Pioneers of the Kyiv region. Now there is a bank here. The house itself is one of the prototypes of Bulgakov's Margarita's mansion.
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