Geographical coordinates. Latitude and longitude

17.10.2019

We suggest using a similar service from Google - + location of interesting places in the world on the Google Maps diagram

Calculation of the distance between two points by coordinates:

Online calculator - calculating the distance between two cities, points. Their exact location in the world can be found at the link above

Countries in alphabetical order:

panorama Australia Belgium Bulgaria Brazil +stadiums Belarus Great Britain Hungary Germany Greece Israel Spain Italy Canada Crimea Kyrgyzstan South Korea Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Monaco Netherlands Poland Portugal Russia Russia +stadiums United States of America Thailand Turkey Ukraine Finland France Czech Republic Switzerland Estonia Japan

Determining latitude and longitude on a map?

Determining the geographic coordinates of any city in the world (find out latitude and longitude) using an online map from the Yandex service is actually a very simple process. You have two convenient options, let’s take a closer look at each of them.

Fill out the form: Rostov-on-Don Pushkinskaya 10 (with the help and if you have the house number, the search will be more accurate). In the upper right corner there is a form for determining coordinates, which contains 3 precise parameters - the coordinates of the mark, the center of the map and the zoom scale.

After activating the “Find” search, each field will contain the necessary data - longitude and latitude. Look at the “Center of the map” field.

Second option: In this case it’s even simpler. Interactive world map with coordinates contains a marker. By default, it is located in the center of Moscow. You need to drag the label and place it on the desired city, for example, determine the coordinates on. The latitude and longitude will automatically match the search object. Look at the “Mark Coordinates” field.

When searching for the desired city or country, use the navigation and zoom tools. By zooming in and out +/-, and also moving the interactive map itself, it is easy to find any country or search for a region on the world map. This way you can find the geographic center of Ukraine or Russia. In the country of Ukraine, this is the village of Dobrovelichkovka, which is located on the Dobraya River, Kirovograd region.

Copy the geographic coordinates of the center of Ukraine urban settlement. Dobrovelychkovka — Ctrl+C

48.3848,31.1769 48.3848 north latitude and 31.1769 east longitude

Longitude +37° 17′ 6.97″ E (37.1769)

Latitude +48° 38′ 4.89″ N (48.3848)

At the entrance to the urban settlement there is a sign announcing this interesting fact. It will most likely be uninteresting to examine its territory. There are much more interesting places in the world.

How to find a place on the map using coordinates?

Let's consider the reverse process, for example. Why do you need to determine latitude and longitude on a map? Let's say you need to determine the exact location of the car on the diagram using GPS navigator coordinates. Or a close friend will call on a weekend and tell you the coordinates of his location, inviting you to join him hunting or fishing.

Knowing the exact geographic coordinates, you will need a map with latitude and longitude. It is enough to enter your data into the search form from the Yandex service to determine the location by coordinates successfully. Example, enter the latitude and longitude of Moskovskaya street 66 in the city of Saratov - 51.5339,46.0368. The service will quickly determine and display the location of a given house in the city as a mark.

In addition to the above, you can easily determine the coordinates on the map of any metro station in the city. After the name of the city we write the name of the station. And we observe where the mark is located and its coordinates with latitude and longitude. To determine the length of the route, you need to use the “Ruler” tool (measuring distances on the map). We put a mark at the beginning of the route and then at the end point. The service will automatically determine the distance in meters and show the track itself on the map.

It is possible to more accurately examine a place on the map thanks to the “Satellite” diagram (upper corner on the right). Look what it looks like. You can do all of the above operations with it.

World map with longitude and latitude

Imagine you are in an unfamiliar area, and there are no objects or landmarks nearby. And there is no one to ask! How could you explain your exact location so that you can be found quickly?

Thanks to concepts such as latitude and longitude, you can be detected and found. Latitude shows the location of an object in relation to the South and North Poles. The equator is considered to be zero latitude. The South Pole is located at 90 degrees. south latitude, and North at 90 degrees north latitude.

This data turns out to be insufficient. It is also necessary to know the situation in relation to the East and West. This is where the longitude coordinate comes in handy.

Thank you to the Yandex service for the data provided. Cards

Cartographic data of cities in Russia, Ukraine and the world

In order to find the desired object on a map, you need to know its geographic coordinates - latitude and longitude.

Remember how in math lessons you found a point on the coordinate plane? In the same way, you can find any point on the planet using a system of parallels and meridians, or, as it is also called, a degree network.

First set the geographic latitude of the point. That is, determine how far it is from the equator. To do this, calculate the magnitude of the meridian arc from the equator to this point in degrees. Geographic latitude can vary from 0° to 90°. All points in the Northern Hemisphere have a northern latitude (abbreviated as N), and in the Southern Hemisphere they have a southern latitude (abbreviated as S).

Determination of geographical coordinates

To determine the geographic latitude of any point on the globe and map, you need to find out what parallel it is on. For example, if Moscow is located on a parallel between 50° and 60° N. latitude, then its latitude is approximately 56° N. w. All points of the same parallel have the same latitude. In order to establish the geographic longitude of a point, you need to find out how far it is from the prime (zero) meridian. It passes through the old building of the Greenwich Observatory, built in 1675 near London. This meridian was chosen conditionally as the zero meridian. That's what it's called - Greenwich. The magnitude of the parallel arc from it to a given point is measured in the same way as geographic latitude - in degrees. If you move from the prime meridian to the east, then the longitude will be eastern (abbreviated as E), and if to the west it will be western (abbreviated as W). The longitude value can range from 0° to 180°. To determine the geographic longitude of any point means to establish the longitude of the meridian on which it is located. So, Moscow is located at 38° east. Yes

Video lesson “Geographical latitude and geographic longitude. Geographic Coordinates" will help you get an idea of geographic latitude and geographic longitude. The teacher will tell you how to correctly determine geographic coordinates.

Geographic latitude- arc length in degrees from the equator to a given point.

To determine the latitude of an object, you need to find the parallel on which this object is located.

For example, the latitude of Moscow is 55 degrees and 45 minutes north latitude, it is written like this: Moscow 55°45" N; latitude of New York - 40°43" N; Sydney - 33°52" S

Geographic longitude is determined by meridians. Longitude can be western (from the 0 meridian to the west to the 180 meridian) and eastern (from the 0 meridian to the east to the 180 meridian). Longitude values are measured in degrees and minutes. Geographic longitude can have values from 0 to 180 degrees.

Geographic longitude- length of the equatorial arc in degrees from the prime meridian (0 degrees) to the meridian of a given point.

The prime meridian is considered to be the Greenwich meridian (0 degrees).

Rice. 2. Determination of longitudes ()

To determine longitude, you need to find the meridian on which a given object is located.

For example, the longitude of Moscow is 37 degrees and 37 minutes east longitude, it is written like this: 37°37" east; the longitude of Mexico City is 99°08" west.

Rice. 3. Geographical latitude and geographic longitude

To accurately determine the location of an object on the surface of the Earth, you need to know its geographic latitude and geographic longitude.

Geographical coordinates- quantities that determine the position of a point on the earth’s surface using latitudes and longitudes.

For example, Moscow has the following geographic coordinates: 55°45"N and 37°37"E. The city of Beijing has the following coordinates: 39°56′ N. 116°24′ E First, the latitude value is recorded.

Sometimes you need to find an object at already given coordinates; to do this, you must first guess in which hemispheres the object is located.

Homework

Paragraphs 12, 13.

1. What are geographic latitude and longitude?

Bibliography

Main

1. Basic course in geography: Textbook. for 6th grade. general education institutions / T.P. Gerasimova, N.P. Neklyukova. - 10th ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2010. - 176 p.

2. Geography. 6th grade: atlas. - 3rd ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, DIK, 2011. - 32 p.

3. Geography. 6th grade: atlas. - 4th ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, DIK, 2013. - 32 p.

4. Geography. 6th grade: cont. cards. - M.: DIK, Bustard, 2012. - 16 p.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

1. Geography. Modern illustrated encyclopedia / A.P. Gorkin. - M.: Rosman-Press, 2006. - 624 p.

Literature for preparing for the State Exam and the Unified State Exam

1. Geography: initial course. Tests. Textbook manual for 6th grade students. - M.: Humanite. ed. VLADOS center, 2011. - 144 p.

2. Tests. Geography. 6-10 grades: Educational and methodological manual / A.A. Letyagin. - M.: LLC "Agency "KRPA "Olympus": "Astrel", "AST", 2001. - 284 p.

Materials on the Internet

1. Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements ().

2. Russian Geographical Society ().

There are many different coordinate systems, all of which are used to determine the position of points on the earth's surface. These include mainly geographic coordinates, plane rectangular and polar coordinates. In general, coordinates are usually called angular and linear quantities that define points on any surface or in space.

Geographic coordinates are angular values - latitude and longitude - that determine the position of a point on the globe. Geographic latitude is the angle formed by the equatorial plane and a plumb line at a given point on the earth's surface. This angle value shows how far a particular point on the globe is north or south of the equator.

If a point is located in the Northern Hemisphere, then its geographic latitude will be called northern, and if in the Southern Hemisphere - southern latitude. The latitude of points located on the equator is zero degrees, and at the poles (North and South) - 90 degrees.

Geographic longitude is also an angle, but formed by the plane of the meridian, taken as the initial (zero), and the plane of the meridian passing through a given point. For uniformity of definition, we agreed to consider the prime meridian to be the meridian passing through the astronomical observatory in Greenwich (near London) and call it Greenwich.

All points located to the east of it will have eastern longitude (up to the meridian 180 degrees), and to the west of the initial one will have western longitude. The figure below shows how to determine the position of point A on the earth's surface if its geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) are known.

Note that the difference in longitude of two points on Earth shows not only their relative position in relation to the prime meridian, but also the difference in these points at the same moment. The fact is that every 15 degrees (24th part of the circle) in longitude is equal to one hour of time. Based on this, it is possible to determine the time difference at these two points using geographic longitude.

For example.

Moscow has a longitude of 37°37′ (east), and Khabarovsk -135°05′, that is, lies east of 97°28′. What time do these cities have at the same moment? Simple calculations show that if it is 13 hours in Moscow, then in Khabarovsk it is 19 hours 30 minutes.

The figure below shows the design of the frame of a sheet of any card. As can be seen from the figure, in the corners of this map the longitude of the meridians and the latitude of the parallels that form the frame of the sheet of this map are written.

On all sides the frame has scales divided into minutes. For both latitude and longitude. Moreover, each minute is divided into 6 equal sections by dots, which correspond to 10 seconds of longitude or latitude.

Thus, in order to determine the latitude of any point M on the map, it is necessary to draw a line through this point, parallel to the lower or upper frame of the map, and read the corresponding degrees, minutes, seconds on the right or left along the latitude scale. In our example, point M has a latitude of 45°31’30”.

Similarly, drawing a vertical line through point M parallel to the lateral (closest to this point) meridian of the border of a given map sheet, we read the longitude (eastern) equal to 43°31’18”.

Drawing a point on a topographic map at specified geographic coordinates.

Drawing a point on a map at specified geographic coordinates is done in the reverse order. First, the indicated geographic coordinates are found on the scales, and then parallel and perpendicular lines are drawn through them. Their intersection will show a point with the given geographic coordinates.

Based on materials from the book “Map and Compass are My Friends.”
Klimenko A.I.

Since the time of man's access to the seas, the need to determine longitude and latitude has been a vital human skill. Epochs changed, and man became able to determine the cardinal directions in any weather. New methods of determining one's position were required.

The captain of a Spanish galleon in the eighteenth century knew exactly where the ship was thanks to the position of the stars in the night sky. A 19th-century traveler could detect deviations from the established route in the forest by natural clues.

Now it’s the twenty-first century and many have lost the knowledge gained from geography lessons. Android or iPhone smartphones can serve as a tool, but they can never replace the knowledge and ability to determine your location.

What is latitude and longitude in geography

Determination of geographical coordinates

Apps that users install on iPhone read location coordinates to provide services or data based on where a person is located. After all, if a subscriber is in Russia, then there is no reason for him to read sites in English. Everything happens in the background.

While the average user will never deal with GPS coordinates, knowing how to obtain and read them can be valuable. In some cases, they can save lives when there is no card nearby.

In any geographical system there are two indicators: latitude and longitude. Geodata from a smartphone shows exactly where the user is located relative to the equator.

How to determine the latitude and longitude of your location

Let's consider two options for determining geographic coordinates:

Via Android The simplest is the Google Maps application, perhaps the most comprehensive collection of geographic maps in one application. After launching the Google maps application, the location on the road map will be pinpointed so that the user can get the best possible understanding of the surrounding area. The app also offers an extensive list of features, including real-time GPS navigation, traffic conditions and transit information, as well as detailed information about nearby places, including popular food and recreation spots, photos and reviews.
Via iPhone You won't need any third party app to view latitude and longitude data. The location is determined only with the maps application. To find out the current coordinates, just launch “maps”. Tap the arrow in the upper right corner of the screen, then tap the blue dot - this indicates the location of the phone and the user. Next, we swipe up the screen, and now the user can see the GPS coordinates. Unfortunately, there is no way to copy these coordinates, but you can get similar data.

To copy them you will need another Compass application. It's already installed on your iPhone and you can use it right away.

To view latitude, longitude, and altitude coordinates in the Compass app, simply launch and find the data at the bottom.

Determining the geographical coordinates of Moscow

For this:

Open maps of the Yandex search engine.
In the address bar, enter the name of our capital “Moscow”.
The city center (Kremlin) opens and under the name of the country we find the numbers 55.753215, 37.622504 - these are the coordinates, that is, 55.753215 north latitude and 37.622504 east longitude.

Throughout the world, GPS coordinates are determined by latitude and longitude according to the wgs-84 coordinate system.

In all situations, the latitude coordinate is a point relative to the equator, and the longitude coordinate is a point relative to the meridian of the British Royal Observatory at Greenwich, in the UK. This defines two important parameters of online geography.

Finding the latitude and longitude of St. Petersburg

To consolidate the skill, we will repeat the same algorithm of actions, but for the Northern capital:

Open Yandex cards.
We write down the name of the northern capital “St. Petersburg”.
The result of the request will be a panorama of Palace Square and the required coordinates 59.939095, 30.315868.

Coordinates of Russian cities and world capitals in the table

Cities of Russia	Latitude	Longitude
Moscow	55.753215	37.622504
Saint Petersburg	59.939095	30.315868
Novosibirsk	55.030199	82.920430
Ekaterinburg	56.838011	60.597465
Vladivostok	43.115536	131.885485
Yakutsk	62.028103	129.732663
Chelyabinsk	55.159897	61.402554
Kharkiv	49.992167	36.231202
Smolensk	54.782640	32.045134
Omsk	54.989342	73.368212
Krasnoyarsk	56.010563	92.852572
Rostov	57.185866	39.414526
Bryansk	53.243325	34.363731
Sochi	43.585525	39.723062
Ivanovo	57.000348	40.973921

Capitals of world states	Latitude	Longitude
Tokyo	35.682272	139.753137
Brasilia	-15.802118	-47.889062
Kyiv	50.450458	30.523460
Washington	38.891896	-77.033788
Cairo	30.065993	31.266061
Beijing	39.901698	116.391433
Delhi	28.632909	77.220026
Minsk	53.902496	27.561481
Berlin	52.519405	13.406323
Wellington	-41.297278	174.776069

Reading GPS data or where negative numbers come from

The object's geographic positioning system has changed several times. Now, thanks to it, you can quite accurately determine the distance to the desired object and find out the coordinates.

The ability to show location is a vital necessity during search operations of rescue services. There are different situations with travelers, tourists or extreme sports enthusiasts. It is then that high accuracy is important, when a person is on the verge of life, and minutes count.

Now, dear reader, having such knowledge, you may have questions. There are many of them, but even from the table one of the most interesting emerges - why is the number negative? Let's figure it out.

GPS, when translated into Russian, sounds like this – “global positioning system”. We remember that the distance to the desired geographical object (city, village, village, etc.) is measured according to two landmarks on the globe: the equator and the observatory in London.

At school they talked about latitude and longitude, but in Yandex maps they are replaced with the left and right parts of the code. If the navigator shows positive values, then you are going in a northerly direction. Otherwise, the numbers become negative, indicating southern latitude.

The same goes for longitude. Positive values are eastern longitude, and negative values are western longitude.

For example, the coordinates of the Lenin Library in Moscow: 55°45’08.1″N 37°36’36.9″E. It reads like this: “55 degrees 45 minutes and 08.1 seconds north latitude and 37 degrees 36 minutes and 36.9 seconds east longitude” (data from Google maps).