Monotype winter using monotype technique. Using the non-traditional drawing technique “Monotype” in working with preschool children

Larisa Savchuk

Dear Colleagues! I present to your attention another lesson on non-traditional drawing techniques "Monotype".

Monotype is considered one of the simplest non-traditional drawing techniques (from the Greek monos - one, single and tupos - imprint).

This is a simple but amazing technique of painting with paints (watercolor, gouache, etc.). It consists in the fact that a design is drawn on one side of the surface and imprinted on the other.

The resulting print is always unique, since it is impossible to create two identical works. The resulting blots can be left in their original form, or you can think of a suitable image and fill in the missing details. The number of colors in a monotype is any.

To draw using the Monotype technique we will need: thick paper of any color, gouache or watercolor paints, brushes, a jar of water, napkins.

SUBJECT MONOTYPY

Drawing a tree.

1. Fold a sheet of paper in half and unfold it.

2. On one half of the sheet, draw half of the depicted object (tree trunk) and again fold the sheet of paper to make a print.

3. Then unfold and draw the crown of the tree, grass and fold it in half again.

4. Unfold and get something beautiful symmetrical image tree.

Options for drawing trees.

We draw flowers.

"Bull"

For very young children, such monotype drawing can be safely turned into fun game: for example, paint half a butterfly on half a sheet. Fold the sheet in half and press the halves tightly together. It's like a butterfly has spread its wings and is about to fly away!

"Drawing a butterfly"

1. Fold a sheet of paper in half. Apply colored spots of paint of different colors to one half of the sheet.

3. Fold the sheet of paper in half again to make a print, then unfold it.

4. We complete the missing parts (abdomen, antennae, eyes).

The butterflies turn out very bright, beautiful and always different. When the paint is dry, the butterflies can be cut out along the contour - children really like to play with them.

LANDSCAPE MONOTYPY.

1. Fold a sheet of paper in half.

2. Draw a landscape on one half of a sheet of paper and fold the sheet again to make a print. The landscape must be painted quickly so that the paints do not have time to dry.

3. The original drawing, after a print has been made from it, can be revived with paints, felt-tip pens or colored pencils.

Prints can be made on any smooth surface: glass, plastic board, film, tiles, thick glossy paper. A drawing is made on the selected surface using gouache paints, a sheet of paper is placed on top and pressed down. The resulting print is a mirror image.

Lesson objectives:

• create a landscape using the monotype technique;
• create conditions for the development of a full perception of the surrounding world through the connection of all sensory channels, for the formation of research actions, the development of an emotional and aesthetic attitude towards the subject or phenomenon under study.

1) develop skills in working in the “monotype” technique;
2) teach techniques of the “monotype” technique, depicting nature;
3) develop children’s creative activity and creative abilities by creating quick and effective work;
4) cultivate interest and love for art.

Lesson type: combined.

Type of lesson: drawing from an idea.

Method: explanatory and illustrative.

Techniques: pedagogical demonstration, comparison.

Equipment: computer, projector.

Materials: A3 paper, oil paints, low-smelling solvent, plexiglass, brushes, napkins, roller.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment

II. Introductory conversation

The topic of our lesson: “Landscape using monotype technique.”

What is monotype?

Monotype is a unique non-circulation technique that combines the qualities of printmaking and painting. Monotype: two words: “mono” and “type”. Monotype (from “mono” - one and the Greek “typos” - imprint, imprint, touch, image...) is a type of printed graphics.

Works made using the monotype technique are characterized by subtlety of color relationships, smoothness and softness of the outlines of forms, which outwardly brings monotype closer to watercolor.

The monotype technique has been known since the 17th century, but it became widespread only from the end of the 19th century. Among the most famous masters: Italian Giovanni Castiglione (1616-1670), Englishman William Blake (1757-1828), Frenchman Edgar Degas (1834-1917), who combined monotype with tempera (“Concert at the Ambassador Café”). Slide 3

The appearance of monotype in Russia is associated with the name of Elizaveta Sergeevna Kruglikova, who re-discovered this technique at the beginning of the 20th century and created her own school. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Russian artist Elizaveta Kruglikova, who was working on color etching, independently “discovered” monotype. Lyrical, contemplative, calm landscapes, bouquets of roses, daisies, and daisies are immediately remembered when the artist’s name is mentioned. Slide 4

The main difference between monotype is the uniqueness of the work, and a large element of chance in the final result. Using monotype it is easier to create an abstract image than a figurative one. However, even in the creation of visual images, monotype has great potential for entertainment and surprise.

The main difficulty when performing fine art with flowing paints is to anticipate and control the behavior of the paint after separation of the matrix and paper.
The element of unpredictability, uniqueness, ease of implementation, and wealth of possibilities well characterize monotype as a graphic technique.

Monotype as a graphic technique

The method of performing monotype can be described simply - any coloring substance is applied to any smooth or textured hard surface, then printing is done by pressing the target surface of the print onto the matrix.

With this type of graphics, one print (mono) is obtained on paper from glass (copper sheet, etc.) on which paints are applied. Place a sheet of paper on top and press it to the surface. An impression is formed on the paper with unusual patterns that cannot be repeated by the artist. The image on the print is random (stokha) in nature. After printing, the artist selects those prints that satisfy him in terms of aesthetic appeal and subject matter. Of the many impressions, only a few are selected.

Let's move on to a more detailed consideration of the material part of this technology.
Let's start with colors. This technique is omnivorous in relation to paints! “Watercolor, gouache, tempera, acrylic, oil paints, etching, typographic, for complete tearing you can also use construction types of paints. Paints are used both with thinners and in pure form - depending on the task. The choice of surfaces from which impressions can be made is also wide and varied: paper, different kinds cardboard, plastic of different thicknesses, plates of different metals: zinc-copper-steel-brass. And also glass, hardboard and plywood! Canvas and wood, stone! The main thing is that the surface texture corresponds to the artist’s tasks and goals.”

Regarding the types of paints, it should be noted that depending on the purpose, the artist must vary the thickness and fluidity of the paint according to the goals of his work. With high fluidity, the paint forms characteristic fractal formations, and with high density or, conversely, with strong dilution and a thin layer of application, textures similar to dotted or formed small spots. These textures are uniform when the paint is thinned and repeat the movements and texture of the brush (like a semi-dry ink brush) when the paint is thick. However, a final generalization cannot be made here - it all depends on the type of paint material chosen by the author. For example, when working with oil, fractal formations will most likely be in the area of ​​the volumetric texture of one color spot.

As for the surface, any choice will determine the type of work. The wettability of the matrix surface and its ability to absorb ink and solvent (water or other) should be taken into account as factors important to the creation of the work. In particular, for example, with watercolor monotype, if the surface absorbs the dye strongly and high transparency is required, then white spots should be expected. With monotype, for example, gouache, if the surface strongly absorbs the solvent, then we can assume that the paint density will be higher, etc.

Thus, with the help of the ink material, the surface of the matrix and the surface on which the print is made, the final result can be indirectly controlled.
Paint is also applied to the surface using various tools: the artist’s hand and fingers, brushes, palette knives, various spatulas, including curly ones. Rollers with different textures are also used. And finally, whatever comes to your creative mind.
Etching machines are used to make prints from sheets of plastic and metal sheets. To make a print from a lithographic stone, a lithographic printing press is used.
To remove paint from the printing surface, they use everything from simple fabric to all sorts of specific materials: matches, steel sponge for cleaning dishes, cotton swabs...

Methods for creating a monotype

The first method, one of the simplest, is also called - “fractal monotype”.

Take the selected hard surface, in a creative impulse apply paint with the tool you need, lay paper on top, press it on top with your hands or a rubber roller. Smoothly remove the sheet. Examine the resulting impression. As a rule, this method is quite difficult to manage. Especially if you use water-based paints: watercolor, gouache, acrylic, tempera. Then many artists, peering at the resulting print, try to see some image, landscape, composition and slightly modify the print, trying to enhance and reveal what they saw in the monotype.”

It should be noted that the creation of the image and the location of fractal patterns can be controlled. This is done by placing more fluid paint where fractal patterns should appear. The important thing is that the patterns begin to appear when the surface tension film is broken, which happens when the work is separated from the matrix. Thus, the direction of branching of fractals can be controlled using the direction of separation of the work. That is, if you tear off the work from top to bottom, that is, for top edge, then the fractals will most likely branch in the opposite direction.

Second way. Slide 6

When paint is applied to plates of metal or plastic, paper is placed on top and an impression is made using an etching or lithographic press. In this technique, as a rule, oil and etching paints are more often used. This method allows you to accurately control the creative process and accurately predict the desired creative result. Here you can create almost picturesque realistic works. To prevent ink oil from sticking to the paper, it is moistened with water before printing!

Third way. Slide 7

You paint a work of art with oil paints on canvas or cardboard. Then you apply paper, fabric or the same canvas - carefully, but maybe not very carefully. It all depends on your temperament. You press the paper, also using various pressing techniques. As experience shows, you can make up to three prints, and none of them will repeat the previous one. The result is very fine paintings that can be finished on top of the monotype. But this will be a mixed technique.

Fourth way. Slide 8

This method requires the artist to draw with firm confidence, since corrections are impossible.

Take plastic or glass. Using a roller, apply an even layer of paint to the desired area or the entire surface of the sheet, having previously removed excess oil from the paint and placed it on newspaper for a while. If you are not sure that you can immediately draw and compose the work on a sheet of paper, then, before you put it on the paint, with light movements of a simple pencil you can outline the main composition and after that, without pressing, lower the sheet onto the surface rolled with paint . And then you begin to draw what you have outlined, working with a pencil, a simple pen, or a brush handle - it all depends on the thickness of the line you want to get.

It is advisable not to rest your hands on the paper. After completing your exercises on paper, carefully remove the sheet.

Like any type of monotype, it can be modified and completed.

Fifth way. Slide 9

Pour water into the photo tray. Take printing inks, dilute them in different jars until liquid with gasoline or a special solvent. Then you take brushes and, depending on the internal painting state, splash paint onto the water, adjusting which color you need more or less of. And then the fun begins: by mixing the paints with the handle of the brush, you can see the unique pattern that you think is necessary.

You need to work quickly, but carefully: place a sheet of paper on the water (one edge, and then only, as if in an arc, the second edge). And it must be removed in the same way: first one, and then the second one in an arc. Mixing in water, the colors create amazing picturesque combinations, like in a kaleidoscope.

Sixth method - mixed technique Slide 10

When the created monotype is taken as a base and then modified with various other materials: oil pastel, dry pastel, acrylic, oil, tempera, textured pastes, and so on.

The very beauty of monotype is that there is unpredictability in it, which brings this amazing feeling of expectation of a miracle to monotype! Albeit a small one, but still a miracle that makes the artist’s heart tremble with joy. The monotype process is probably the most exciting of all the activities! Slides 11-23

III. Formulation of the practical work assignment

Exercise. Draw a landscape using the monotype technique.

Before moving on to practical work, let's remember what “landscape” is?

A genre in which the main subject of the image is nature, wild or transformed by man, is called landscape(from the French paygag - nature).

The diversity of nature has given rise to various types of landscape genres in the fine arts.

In the work of landscape artists, what is interesting is not the fact of a realistic depiction of nature, but rather the reflection of a subjective, individual view of it. Yours emotional condition people often associate with the state of nature. Landscapes are able to express people’s feelings, as in them artists creatively reproduce views of nature. It appears to them colored by emotions, for example, “joyful” or “gloomy,” although these states are not at all inherent in nature.

IV. Briefing

First stage:

For work we will need material:

• A3 paper;
• oil paints;
• roller;
• brushes;
• a cloth or napkins for wiping paint from brushes and from the surface;
• plexiglass;
• a jar of solvent;
• palette for mixing colors;
• newspaper.

Third stage:

Selecting a topic color range(depending on the emotional coloring of the landscape motif). The work is carried out in the same way as you paint from life or imagine, come up with your own color combinations. Try to take the color clean, bright, saturated. The shades of color are noble and pleasant to the eye.

You can correct the pattern on the glass using a spatula, cotton buds. Spray with solvent.

Fourth stage:

After we have completed the sketch in color, we take a sheet of paper, previously moistened with water, so that the oil does not stick to the paper, and apply it to the painted surface.

Fifth stage:

The next step is that you need to carefully press down the sheet and roll it with a roller. On top, depending on the idea, you can draw details with the handle of the brush.

Sixth stage:

Next, you carefully remove the sheet of paper from the plexiglass. Please note that the drawing must be removed by holding a corner of the sheet and slowly lifting the second corner of the sheet so that the sheet does not move when removed from the surface.

Seventh stage:

Then the resulting print can be finalized by clarifying the details of the drawing.

V. Practical work

During work, the music of Vivaldi “The Seasons” and sounds of nature are played.

MASTER CLASS

DRAWING USING THE MONOTYPE TECHNIQUE

MBOU teachers"Secondary school in the village of Svyatoslavka"

Beskrovnoy Olga Viktorovna

2015

Monotype (from the Greek "mono" - one and "typos" - imprint, impression, touch, image...) is a technique of drawing using a unique print, in which a smooth surface or sheet of paper is coated with paint, and then made from it imprint on the sheet. There is only one print and it is impossible to create two absolutely identical works.

After this, the resulting images are either left in their original form, or they come up with what they look like and fill in the missing details. Therefore, this activity develops children’s imagination, fantasy and Creative skills.

You can use different paints for monotype.

Watercolor and gouache are best suited for children's creativity. If you don't dilute the watercolor too much with water and use watercolor paper, it will turn out very beautiful. Another advantage of watercolor is that it washes off easily. Gouache is opaque and produces beautiful stains. Acrylic paints They dry very quickly, which is inconvenient for creating prints, and they are difficult to wash off. Oil paints Suitable mainly for professionals.

How to make a monotype

Exist different ways. For example, professional, when the image is applied with oil or printing inks diluted with gasoline or special solvents, or the print is obtained using an etching or lithographic machine. I will tell you about the methods available for children's creativity.

1. Draw something with paints (you can use one color, you can use several colors) on a sheet of thick paper or on a smooth surface (on glass, a plastic or plastic plate, tile, glossy cardboard, film), and then quickly, before the paint has time to dry , attach another sheet of paper and iron it with your hand or a roller to make a print.

2. Fold a sheet of paper in half, draw something inside with paints on one half of the sheet, then fold the sheet and iron it with your hand to get a symmetrical print.

An interesting image will be obtained if you draw not on a smooth, but on a textured surface: whatman paper, drawing paper, etc. And make a print on plain paper.

Textured surface You can make it yourself by crumpling up a large sheet of paper, applying paint to it, and making an imprint with it.

An impression is formed on the paper with unusual patterns that cannot be repeated by the artist. The image on the print is random. After printing, the artist selects those prints that satisfy him in terms of aesthetic appeal and subject matter. Of the many prints, only a very few are selected. Therefore, artists rarely use the monotype technique: it is quite labor-intensive and requires large quantity materials and patience.

Monotype is an amazing genre that essentially occupies a middle position between painting and graphics, between art and psychology. Monotype is a way of freedom of expression, it is a projection inner world. Therefore, the sincerity of the genre is undeniable.

Well, once again I would like to say that the very beauty of monotype is that there is Divine unpredictability in it, which brings into the monotype this amazing feeling of expectation of a miracle! Albeit a small one, but still a miracle that makes the artist’s heart tremble with joy. The monotype process is probably the most exciting of all the activities!

Monotype will forever be part of your creative life and will bring many pleasant creative moments!