Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov (1882-1938) - Russian and Soviet writer, novelist, teacher, traveler and researcher. Author of popular adventure stories and novellas, works about animals.
Boris was born in Novgorod into an intelligent family. His father was a mathematics teacher, his mother was a pianist, so it is not surprising that elementary education Boris got houses. Boris Zhitkov spent the first years of his life in Odessa. He studied at the gymnasium, where he became friends with Korney Chukovsky, a friendship that lasted for the rest of his life. After graduating from high school, he became a student at the Imperial Novorossiysk University. The next step in Zhitkov’s education was studying at Polytechnic Institute St. Petersburg. There Boris chose a different specialty. If at Odessa University he attended the natural sciences department, then at the St. Petersburg Institute he attended the shipbuilding department.
After graduating from the institute, he traveled a lot, in 1912 he even made trip around the world, worked as a long-distance navigator, shipbuilding engineer, and captain of the ship. Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov tried many other professions. But his constant hobby was literature. All his life he kept diaries and wrote long letters.
Zhitkov began publishing when he was already over forty, in 1924. He expressed his knowledge and impressions from travel in his works. He created many series of adventure and educational stories. Among his most famous works: “The Evil Sea”, “Sea Stories”, “Seven Lights”, “Stories about Animals”, “Stories for Children”.
The cycles of children's stories “What I Saw” and “What Happened” were extremely popular among children. Main character of the first cycle - the inquisitive boy “Alyosha-Pochemuchka”, whose prototype was the writer’s little neighbor in a communal apartment.
Interesting fact: in fantasy story“Microhands,” published in 1931, Zhitkov described methods for the manufacture and use of micromanipulators, one of the areas of nanotechnology developed with beginning of the XXI century.
Over 15 years of work in children's literature, Zhitkov managed to try all genres, all types of books for children and invented and suggested many new ones. Boris Zhitkov is one of the creators of the scientific and artistic genre; he came up with a weekly picture magazine for children who could not yet read, different types books-toys.
Also, Boris Zhitkov is the main character of the famous children's poem “Mail” by Samuil Marshak. Remember:
"He reaches out again
Custom made for Zhitkov.
- For Zhitkov?
Hey Boris,
Receive and sign!”
Read books by Boris Zhitkov:
1.Zhitkov B.S. How I caught the little men: story / B.S. Zhitkov.- M., 1991.- 16 p.
2.Zhitkov B.S. Stories about animals/ B.S. Zhitkov.- M., 1999.- 142 p.: ill.- (Schoolchildren’s Library)
3.Zhitkov B.S. Tales of Courage/ B.S. Zhitkov.- K., 1990.- 110 p.: ill.- ( School library)
4.Zhitkov B.S. What did I see/ B.S. Zhitkov.- M., 2003.- 63 p.: ill.- (Schoolchildren’s Library)
On September 11, library No. 20 “Novosineglazovskaya” held a literary and educational hour dedicated to the 135th anniversary of Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov. Pupils of the 2nd grade of school No. 145 got acquainted with the life and work of the famous writer, teacher and traveler Boris Zhitkov, learned Interesting Facts from the writer's biography.
Turns out, professional writer Boris Zhitkov began when he was over forty years old. And before that he was a navigator of a sailing ship, and a fisherman, and an ichthyologist, and a metal worker, and naval officer, and an engineer, and a teacher of physics and drawing. Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov tried many professions, but his constant hobby was literature. Among his most famous works: “The Evil Sea”, “Sea Stories”, “Seven Lights”, “Stories about Animals”, “Stories for Children”. It was amazing for the guys biographical fact- that classmate B.S. Zhitkova was K.I. Chukovsky, author of their favorite “Moidodyr” and “Tsokotukha Flies”. Also, Boris Zhitkov is the main character of the famous children’s poem “Mail” by Samuil Marshak:
"He reaches out again
Custom made for Zhitkov.
For Zhitkov?
Hey Boris,
Receive and sign!”
Books by B.S. Zhitkov teach goodness and the best human qualities.
A quiz with questions about the life and work of the hero of the day expanded the children’s knowledge. The meeting ended with loud readings of B.S. Zhitkov’s story “The Brave Duckling” and questions and answers about the text of the story. Prizes awaited the most active participants.
A literary-ecological hour for the anniversary of Boris Zhitkov was held in library No. 25. At the beginning, the “Attentive Listener” competition was announced. Library staff introduced the children to the life and work of Boris Zhitkov, and then the children answered quiz questions on the writer’s work. The most attentive listener was Anastasia Eremina. Read it with the guys short stories relationships between humans and animals that do not become outdated or boring: “The Hunter and the Dogs”, “The Wolf”, “Jackdaw” and others, because Boris Zhitkov not only loved animals, he deeply understood them and knew how to handle them. We read how Zhitkov describes various non-fictional cases of animals saving people, their devotion, strong friendship and strong affection: the stories “How an Elephant Saved its Owner from a Tiger”, “Mongoose”. The tricks and pranks of the macaque Yashka literally fascinated the children from the first minute of reading. The guys laughed heartily at her pranks, but at the same time they thought: it’s not so easy to live side by side with such a restless and mischievous person.
The children's department "Umka" of Library No. 32 named after M. Gorky presents book exhibition“Eternal Columbus” about B. Zhitkov. She will introduce children to the works of the Russian writer, traveler and researcher Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov.
MBUK "Centralized" library system»
Family Reading Library
“Make friends with the books of Boris Zhitkov!”,
to the 80th anniversary of the book “Stories about Animals” by the Russian writer B. Zhitkov.6+
2015 has been declared the Year of Literature in Russia, one of the goals of which is to convince as many Russian citizens as possible that you should always find time for a good book.
Our young friends!
We present to your attention a virtual exhibition-recommendation “Make friends with the books of Boris Zhitkov!”
In 2015, it was 80 years since “Stories about Animals” were written by B.S. Zhitkova (1935).
Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov was born on August 30, 1882 in Novgorod; his father was a mathematics teacher at the Novgorod Teachers' Institute, his mother was a pianist.
He spent his childhood in Odessa. Got the basic home education, then graduated from high school. He knew and knew a lot. He managed to work as a shipbuilder and chemist, and even as a long-distance navigator. He was known among his friends as an excellent storyteller, but he had no intention of becoming a writer. One day, at the request of his school friend K. Chukovsky, B. Zhitkov wrote down one of his stories, and that decided everything.
Funny and funny things began to appear in magazines. touching stories for children about “The Stray Cat” and “Jackdaw”, “Mongoose” and “Elephant”. He created cycles of children's stories “What I Saw” and “What Happened.” The main character of the first cycle is the inquisitive boy “Alyosha-Pochemuchka”, whose prototype was the writer’s little neighbor in the communal apartment Alyosha. Some stories from this cycle later formed the basis animated films: “Buttons and men”, “Why elephants?”, “Pudya”.
B. Zhitkov loved animals very much and with just a few strokes he was able to show in his stories all the features of the habits and character of a tiger, an elephant, and a monkey.
The book “Stories about Animals” are short stories of human relationships with animals that do not become outdated or boring.
It's all about the author's attitude towards animals. Boris Zhitkov not only loved animals, he deeply understood them and knew how to handle them. There are only three stories in the book about animals. Zhitkov describes various true-to-life cases of animals saving people, their devotion, strong friendship and no less strong affection.
In each of the stories, some exotic animal appears as a pet. Either a monkey will appear in the house, then mongooses on the ship, then a domestic wolf... The tricks and pranks of the macaque Yashka are literally copied from life - Yashka really once lived in the Zhitkov family.
You, young readers, will have something to laugh at, but you will also have to think: it’s not so easy to live side by side with such a restless and mischievous person.
From a long voyage the author takes with him not money, not treasures, but two nimble mongooses who never sit idle for a minute. The most striking episode of the story is the battle between the mongoose and poisonous snake- literally mesmerizing. Almost tame animals attack the snake, because this is their natural purpose.
The story about a wolf, which the author almost managed to tame, is read in one breath. The writer thoroughly knows the habits of the wolf, empathizes with the animal that finds itself in an unusual environment, and, most importantly, is responsible for the animal and for all the events that occur “through the fault” of the wolf.
Zhitkov tells us a lot of useful and interesting information, writes about animals without sweetness, finds apt comparisons. The author's tender, warm attitude towards the characters in the stories is hidden deep inside. Brevity, simplicity and decisive action are the three main components of Zhitkov’s animalistic prose.
“Stories about Animals” for children by Boris Zhitkov became a classic Soviet literature about nature. In total, he published about 60 children's books.
The best gift for a book’s anniversary is a book that has been read.
Reading Zhitkov is a pleasure. He writes so “deliciously”, with a smile and humor, with love for living creatures, noticing all their funny habits and hooliganism. All stories about Zhitkov’s animals are designed for preschool and junior children school age, but even an adult will enjoy touching, and sometimes funny stories author.
Happy reading!
School library and children's reading
Stories about animals by Boris Zhitkov: KVN
Event scenario for students in grades 3-4
Lazareva T.A., librarian of the Seredkinskaya secondary educational institution comprehensive school» Pskov district, Pskov region
Goals:
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attracting reading in the library;
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promoting environmental education.
Tasks:
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introduce the work of writer Boris Zhitkov;
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develop teamwork skills;
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instill close reading skills;
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instill responsibility for domesticated animals.
Equipment:
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portrait of a writer
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computer with projector;
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poster - collage “images of different animals”;
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handouts on cards
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Book exhibition.
Preliminary preparation
Children are given the task of reading the stories of Boris Zhitkov:
1. Stray cat
2. Mongoose
3. About the wolf
4. About the monkey
5. About the elephant
6. Tikhon Matveevich
The class is divided into two teams in advance, chooses a captain, and comes up with a team name. For the team name, you need to choose one of the animals - heroes you like, whom you would like to be like in some qualities, in order to win.
Progress of the event
Librarian: Hello guys! ( The librarian's story is accompanied by a presentation)
Slide 2. Our meeting is dedicated to the wonderful Russian writer, Boris Zhitkov and his books. Now I will tell you about the writer, his childhood years, and you listen carefully, because we will have a competition “Attentive Listener”.
What kind of person was Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov? What do we know about his life? When a wonderful person is no longer in the world, those who knew him try to write down everything they remember about him. From the stories of these people (contemporaries), we can learn about many wonderful people. I have read a lot of interesting things about the life of B. Zhitkov, but I will only tell you some pages of his life.
Slide 3. Boris Zhitkov lived to be 56 years old. He was born on September 11, 1882, near the city of Novgorod. His father was a mathematics teacher, his mother raised children, loved music, played the piano. Boris had three older sisters. The children in this family grew up independent. And Boris from the very early childhood had character. When Boris was three years old, one of the guests gave him two kopecks at his name day. Without telling anyone, Boris went to the pier to buy a ship; at the pier they explained to the kid that the ship was not for sale. But there is a store at the other end of the city where you can buy a toy steamboat. And Boris went in search of a store. They found him outside the city, he stood among the boys and told them about the ship, what it was like and where to buy it.
Slide 4. At the age of four, Boris asked to be bought: “big boots and a hatchet...” And from then on, he made something out of lumps and wood chips, trying to make tables, benches and, of course, steamers. Then the family moved to St. Petersburg. Boris lived with his grandmother on the bank of the river and spent a long time looking through the gap in the fence at the river and at the passing boats. On my grandmother’s shelf there was a model of a real ship. Boris could not take his eyes off him and kept thinking: - how do little people run there, how do they live there? Guys, doesn’t this remind you of some story by B. Zhitkov? Name it. Correct “How I caught little men”
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Slide 5. When Boris was seven years old, the family moved to Odessa. Boris was happy, there was a sea nearby, a harbor where ships were moored. Boris met the boys from the harbor, went fishing with them, climbed all the ships and small sailing ships. The house in which the Zhitkovs lived overlooked the courtyard where the shipping company's workshops were located; there were carpentry, plumbing, and lathes, on which Boris learned to work little by little. Now he was making real models of yachts.
Boris studied at the gymnasium and was bursting with hobbies. He studied photography, loved to draw, and became interested in playing the violin. Together with the neighboring children, he undertook to publish a handwritten magazine.
When he was eleven years old, their family was given a sailboat, which he and his sisters rode on. Boris Zhitkov had a passion for the sea, ships, and travel all his life, but he never dreamed of becoming a writer. Boris was lucky enough to make his first sea voyage at the age of thirteen.
Slide 6. During these years, he rushed with all his energy to develop his character and willpower. Kolya Korneychukov studied at the gymnasium with Boris; he recalled that Boris was silent, arrogant, and very direct. He always sat at the front in the class, but the guys respected him, they liked the fact that Boris lived among ships, that all his uncles were admirals, that he had his own boat, a telescope, a violin, cast iron gymnastics balls and a trained dog.
Slide 7. After high school, Boris studied a lot, received several professions, was engaged in shipbuilding, went to circumnavigation, visited different cities and countries.
But a time came in the life of Boris Zhitkov when he was left without a job as a marine engineer. He moved to the city of St. Petersburg and met there with his childhood friend Kolya Korneychukov, who became famous writer. Guys, tell me the name of this writer. Yes, this is Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky.
He invited B. Zhitkov to write stories about his travels and saw that he was very successful. interesting stories, suggested that he engage in writing.
Slide 8. The editor liked B. Zhitkov’s stories children's magazine S.Ya. Marshak, and they began to be published in magazines and published as separate books. Zhitkov’s books were loved by children and adults, because the writer talked about what he himself saw, what happened before his eyes, about real courage, about camaraderie. You can see books by Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov at this book exhibition.
Slide 9.Guys, you have read Boris Zhitkov’s stories about animals and now we will hold a competition for those who are attentive and well-read - KVN based on these stories. You will be offered different tasks, and you try to work actively, answer questions, and the jury (representation of jury members) will evaluate your answers. Scores are announced for each competition.
Slide 10.
Today two teams participate in KVN.
Competition 1
Introducing the teams (Teams are introduced, explaining why they chose that name).
Competition 2
Teams take turns showing on the poster a number of animals that appear in one of B.S.’s stories. Zhitkova
1. Stray cat - cat, dog, mice, fish, swallows.
2. Mongoose - mongoose, snake, cat.
3. About the wolf - wolf, dog, cat.
4. About the monkey - monkey, dog, cat.
5. About the elephant - elephants
6. Tikhon Matveevich - orangutan, gorilla, tiger.
Competition3
Assignment for the most attentive readers “Verbal portrait”. Find out the animal by the author's description, name the story (You can read out or distribute three portraits on cards to each team).
- “...What a freak he was! It consisted almost entirely of a head - like a muzzle on four legs, and this muzzle consisted entirely of a mouth, and the mouth was made of teeth...” (The Little Wolf, “About the Wolf”)
- “...Both looked back at the people. They looked calmly, even with lazy curiosity. The red beard gave (him) the appearance of a simpleton, a little stupid, but good-natured and without cunning...” (Orangutan and his wife, “Tikhon Matveevich”)
- “...She fussed, ran around the floor, sniffed everything and quacked: kryk! Krryk! - like a crow. I wanted to catch it, I bent down, extended my hand, and in an instant (it) flashed past my hand and was already in my sleeve. I raised my hand - and it was ready: (she) was already in my bosom... And then I heard - she was already under my arm, making her way into the other sleeve and jumped out of the other sleeve into freedom...” (Mongoose)
- “...The muzzle is wrinkled, like an old woman, but the eyes are lively and shiny. The coat is red and the paws are black. It’s like human hands in black gloves. She was wearing a blue vest..." (Monkey, "About the Monkey")
- “... Big, gray, big-faced. When she saw me, she jumped to the side and sat down. He looks at me with evil eyes. She tensed up, froze, only her tail trembled...” (Cat, "The Stray Cat")
- “... And it was immediately clear that he was already quite an old man - his skin was completely sagging and hardened... Some kind of gnawed ears (Old Elephant, “About an Elephant”)
Follow me. I read lines from B. Zhitkov’s story, and you continue, what happened next? (Two tasks each)
- “My friend is getting ready to go hunting and asks me: “What should I bring you?” Tell me, I'll bring it. I thought: “Hey, he’s bragging! Give me something more cunning,” and said…” (“Bring me a live wolf...”, “About the wolf”)
- “Here my father goes to work in the morning. He cleaned himself up, put on his hat, and goes down the stairs...” (“Pop! Plaster is falling from above,” “About the Monkey”)
- “I begged the cook for meat, bought bananas, brought bread, a saucer of milk. I placed all this in the middle of the cabin and opened the cage. He climbed onto the bed and began to look...” (The mongooses first ate the meat, then the banana, “Mongoose”)
- “So I loaded the gun and walked along the shore. I’ll shoot someone: there were wild rabbits living in holes on the shore. Suddenly I see: in place of the rabbit hole, a large hole has been dug out, as if it were a way out for a large animal. I'd rather go there. I crouched down and looked into the hole. Dark. And when I looked closer, I saw: there were two eyes glowing in the depths. What kind of animal do you think this is? I picked a twig and went into the hole. And from there it will hiss!” (“I backed away! It’s a cat!”, “Stray cat”)
- “It’s as if, as a child, they brought me a whole box of toys and only tomorrow I can uncork it.” What does the author compare this expectation to? Name the story (The desire to see elephants, “About an elephant”)
- “And the guys also stare at us and whisper among themselves. They sit, as if at home, on the roof.” Where were the guys sitting? (On an elephant, “About an elephant”)
- “He handed me his pen. Toot looked at how pretty her black nails were. Toy living pen." Whose is this pen? (Monkeys, “About the Monkey”)
- “But on the ship we had our long-time master on deck. No, not the captain... Huge, well-fed, wearing a copper collar. He walked importantly on the deck.” Who was considered master on deck? (Kota, "Mongoose")
Task for the teams: remember funny incidents in the stories of Boris Zhitkov.
You can invite the children to pantomime these cases so that the opposing team recognizes. For example: the story “About the Monkey.” Incident at the table with the girls; the case with the doctor during lunch, the case with the lady and her hairstyle, etc.
Competition 7
In Zhitkov's stories about animals we get acquainted with different people, now let’s check which of them you remember. Who's the odd one out? Teams are given cards:
- Mother, Manefa, Annushka, janitor, General Chistyakova, bailiff. (Manefa, “About the Wolf”)
- Yukhimenko, father, Yashka, girls, doctor, lady, Kashtan. (Yashka, Kashtan, “About the Monkey”)
- Khramtsov, Markov, Sinhalese, Aseykin, Tikhon Matveevich, Lady, Seryozhka, Tit Adamovich (Tikhon Matveevich, Lady, “Tikhon Matveevich”)
- Volodya, Ryabka, Murka (Ryabka, Murka, “The Stray Cat”)
Tell us what upset you in the stories you read? Name the episode and explain why?
For example:
1 “About an elephant” - people’s attitude towards elephants at work.
2. “About the wolf” - the behavior of the bailiff.
3. "Stray cat" - wild dogs.
Competition 9."Attentive Listener"
Guys, at the beginning of our lesson, you listened to a conversation about the writer, and now let’s check which of you listened carefully?
- Who did Boris Zhitkov's family consist of? ( Father is a teacher, mother, two sisters, grandmother, uncles - naval admirals)
- What were your hobbies? little Boris? (Made it with a wooden hatchet).
- What are Boris's favorite activities as a high school student? (photography, drawing, violin playing, etc.)
- Who was Boris Zhitkov's schoolmate? (Korney Chukovsky)
Summing up, awarding certificates: best team, the most active participants.
References:
- Glotser V. About Boris Zhitkov // Zhitkov B.S. Favorites. - M.: Education, 1989. - P.5-20.
- Zhitkov B. Favorites - M.: Education, 1989. - 192 p. (School library).
- Books of anniversaries / author-comp. HE. Kondratieva. - M.: RSBA, 2010.
- Fedin K. Master // Zhitkov B.S. What I saw. - L.: Det. Lit., 1979. - P.5.
LITERARY HOUR
to the 135th anniversary of Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov
Prepared by: teacher-librarian Bobicheva Natalya Nikolaevna
MKOU Secondary School s. Garovka-2
Education levels: initial general education
Class(es): 3 – 4 grade
Item(s): Librarianship Extracurricular activities Literary reading
Resource type: event script
Short description resource: Literary hour about life and creativity
B.S. Zhitkova accompanied by a presentation
TARGET: introduce life and creativitywriter, prose writer, teacher, traveler and researcher.
TASKS: using the example of the writer’s curiosity and determination in life to instill in students an interest in hobbies and adventures;
based on the writer’s stories to form careful attitude and love for the world around us;
to cultivate an interest in reading through the works of B.S. Zhitkova.
EQUIPMENT: book exhibition “135th anniversary of the birth
B.S. Zhitkova", computer, multimedia projector
Progress of the event
Of course, every person loves nature. But sometimes there are people endowed with some special attitude towards all living things. Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov possessed an outwardly restrained, but sincere and touching love for this world, for everything living and in need of protection. He knew how to be amazed at the beauty of life, and in his stories to awaken compassion for the weak, incl. to “our smaller brothers”, and show interest in the mysteries of nature.
Slide: 1 Our literary hour we dedicate to life and creativityprose writer, teacher, traveler and researcher Boris Stepanovich Zhitkovhe would have turned 135 this year. Slide: 2
Slide: 3 Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov was born not far from Novgorod, in a village on the banks of the Volkhov River, where his parents rented a dacha. The Zhitkov family lived in Novgorod at that time. Father,Stepan Vasilievich, taught mathematics at the Novgorod teachers' seminary,wrote textbooks.
Mother,Tatyana Pavlovna,was an excellent pianist, she idolized music. Boris received an excellent primary education at home.The family had to travel a lot around Russia until they settled in Odessa, whereBoris was sent to the second Odessa gymnasium. In the same class as Zhitkov, sat a tall, thin, very fidgety high school student, a future writer. One day Boris persuaded Kolya Korneychukov to go to Kyiv on foot! And this is 400 km. We left at dawn. Everyone has a shoulder bag. But they didn't last long. Boris was an imperious, unyielding commander, and Kolya turned out to be an obstinate subordinate. They quarreled, and their paths diverged... for several decades. Chukovsky went into literature, and Zhitkov wandered around the world for a long time.
Slide: 4 Boris was an unusual high school student. His hobbies knew no bounds. He seemed to be interested in everything: he spent hours playing the violin, or studying photography.He was absolutely addicted different activities: quoted scenes from literary works, played the violin and learned to row. Behind sports achivments the future writer received several prizes. During his passion for rowing, he managed to build a small boat with a cabin, of course, with the help of friends.
Slide 5: MBoris studied mathematics and chemistry at Novorossiysk University. But Boris Stepanovich was always attracted by the free winds and open spaces of the sea. He passed the navigator exam as an external student. In the summer, he hired out on sailing ships, sailed along the Black Sea and to distant shores: Turkey, Bulgaria. swam and Mediterranean Sea, and along Krasnoye. And where has he been?
In the same year, Zhitkov set off on a training cargo ship to circumnavigate the world. He began this voyage as a cabin boy, then became a fireman, and by the end of the voyage he was already the captain's mate. I was in India, Ceylon, China, Japan. Zhitkov did not know that he would become a writer, but he forever remembered the smart Indian elephants, the aroma of the heat, and the black, thin back of the Singhalese rickshaw.
Among Boris Stepanovich’s hobbies there was one that stubbornly “led” to that gate in the fence that “opened” Zhitkov the writer. One might say that since childhood his hand has been drawn to the pen, “pen to paper.” He published handwritten magazines. I kept diaries all my life. His letters are sometimes whole stories. He also wrote poetry: he had a whole notebook of them.
Slide: 6 In the fall of 1923, Boris Zhitkov returned to Petrograd.He had no money, and his health left much to be desired. Because of this, Boris went to to a school friend Korney Chukovsky. There he entertained the writer’s children with his stories about the sea and travel, and as a result, Nikolai invited his friend to transfer these stories to paper.
In a few days, Zhitkov wrote the short story “Squall”. The novella was taken to the Vremya publishing house, and already in 1924 Zhitkov’s first book, entitled “The Evil Sea,” was published.
Chukovsky was amazed by his friend’s skill; he didn’t even have to edit the story. He admired the unmistakable sense of style and writing style of his comrade, whom he had previously considered an amateur.
Slide 7-10: Boris Stepanovich preferred to write about what he knew well, so his works were filled amazing stories about travel and distant countries. The prose writer put a moral into each of his stories and sought to teach children and adults what he already knew.Zhitkov's heroes often end up in extreme situations. The cycles “On the Water”, “Above the Water”, “Under the Water”, “Mechanic of Salerno”, etc. are about this.
But Boris Stepanovich wrote not only about the sea. He has a lot of stories about animals.For example, in the Zhitkovs’ house there actually lived a tame wolf, who later became the hero of the story of the same name.
Zhitkov’s works are full of action, he often uses the form of conversation with the reader, and always writes figuratively and clearly. The goal of Zhitkov’s creativity is to provide children with useful information and cultivate in them the best human qualities.
Slide: 11 The pinnacle of Zhitkov’s creativity is the encyclopedia story “What I Saw” (published in 1938, posthumously), which became reference book many generations of children. The main character is an inquisitive boy “Alyosha-Pochemuchka”, whose prototype was the writer’s little neighbor in a communal apartment Alyosha Nekrasov.
Then in life, Alexey Vsevolodovich Nekrasov became a professor, Doctor of Geographical Sciences, head of the department at the St. Petersburg Hydrometeorological University.
The stories of this cycle later formed the basis of animated films: “Buttons and Men”, “Why Elephants?”, “Pudya”.
Slide 12: Everything that Zhitkov wrote about, he had a chance to see in life with his own eyes or do with his own hands. That's why his stories are so fascinating.
Slide 13: Boris Stepanovich Zhitkov died. He lived only fifty-six years, and his writing life was very short - about fifteen years. But he managed to write so much and with such talent as rarely anyone has managed.Along with V.V. Bianchi and E.I. Charushin, Boris Zhitkov is considered the founder of the scientific and artistic genre in children's literature. His work had a significant influence on many children's writers.
Slide 14: Practical part:
ITASK: “How do you know the writer’s biography”
In what city did the writer's family live?
What was the name of the writer's father?
What did Boris Stepanovich love most?
Who and what did the writer write about?
Slide 15-16: Children from 4th grade read the story “How I Caught Little Men” and now they will try to answer some questions about this story.
Find and read the description of the ship.
Through whose eyes is he seen (through the eyes of a grandmother, through the eyes of a boy, through the eyes of the author). Read what you need.
Why did the boy decide that little people lived on the ship? Find it in the text.
Find and read in the text words that characterize little people (their height, behavior and habits).
Can a boy be called a dreamer and an inventor? Does he believe in his own fiction?
Slide 17-18: And the guys from 3rd grade will tell us about the story “About an Elephant”, which they read.
Tell me guys what is this story about?
Find and read a passage in which the author describes elephants bathing in a river.
What work did the elephants do in Boris Zhitkov's story?
Our lesson has come to an end. I would like you to have a desire to read not only other books by B. Zhitkov, but also the works of other naturalist writers, there are many of them: Charushin E., Chaplina V., Snegirev G., Sladkov N., Skrebitsky G., M. Prishvina and many others. These wonderful works will allow you to get acquainted with your native nature, learn more about birds and animals, about hunting and the forest, and teach you how to treat native nature, love and protect all living things.
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