Voice is one of the tools for interaction between people. If he is naturally weak and insecure, there is a high probability that the words you speak will not produce any effect. desired effect. But Professor Felix Alekseevich Kuzmin believes that the power of the voice can and should be trained.
You can develop its strength with the help of special exercises, just as you develop muscles in physical education classes. The voice will become lower and more euphonious, its range will expand, and pronunciation will become clearer.
Exercise 1
Stand in front of the mirror. Exhale, then inhale and say each sound until you have enough breath. So, take a breath and begin:
- Eeeeeeeee.
- Eeeeeeeeeee.
- Aaaaaaaaaah.
- Ohhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.
- Uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu.
This sequence is not random, you start with the sound itself high frequency- "And". If you place your palm on your head, you will feel a slight vibration of the skin. This is evidence of more intense blood circulation. Pronouncing the sound “e” activates the neck and throat area, you can feel this by placing your hands on your neck. Pronouncing the sound “a” has a beneficial effect on the chest area. When pronouncing the sound “o”, the blood supply to the heart increases, and exercise with the sound “u” has a positive effect on the lower abdomen.
Say all the sounds slowly one after the other three times. Do you want your voice to be lower and deeper? Then say the sound “u” many times throughout the day.
Exercise 2
Now you need to activate the chest and abdomen area, to do this you need to pronounce the sound “m” with your mouth closed. Do exercises on the sound “m” three times. Once very quietly, the second time louder and the third time as loud as possible so that vocal cords tensed up. When you place your palm on your stomach, you will feel a strong vibration.
Caring about external attractiveness, few pay attention to their voice and speech. But they are on a par with manners and appearance form an opinion about a person among others, causing sympathy or hostility towards him.
They are always more willing to listen to a person who has a pleasant, soft, soulful voice than to someone who speaks hoarsely, shrilly or nasally. A beautiful, enduring voice is especially important for those people who, due to their profession, have to talk a lot. No matter how useful and interesting the information they present is, it will not be perceived by listeners if the speakers convey it inarticulately, monotonously in a weak, inexpressive voice. Not everyone is lucky enough to have a naturally beautiful melodic voice, but everyone, with desire, strong motivation and perseverance, both with the help of specialists and independently, can improve their voice, making it more harmonious and expressive.
A beautiful voice is distinguished by sonority, melody, expressiveness, flexibility, richness of timbre coloring, breadth of range, clarity of word pronunciation, and low fatigue. A voice of medium strength and height is optimal, since it can easily be lowered and raised, made quiet and loud.
It is uncomfortable to listen to a squeaky, nasal, hoarse, creaky, trembling, harsh, shrill, slurred, monotonous, too loud or quiet voice.
In most cases, the causes of an unpleasant voice are physical and psychological pressures, improper breathing, insufficient training of the vocal muscles, deficiencies in diction, as well as ill health.
In order to correctly evaluate your voice, speak some text, for example, read short story or retell the film in your normal manner of communication, using a voice recorder or any other audio or video recording device, and then listen to the recording.
Most likely, your own voice will seem unrecognizable to you. This is because the sound own voice reaches our ears not only from the outside, but acts on the auditory organ from the inside, as a result we hear a combination of two voices: the first voice passes through the soft tissues of the face and bones of the skull, and the second, the one that everyone else hears, spreads through the air. And sound is transmitted differently in different environments. This explains the discrepancy, which is so surprising and in most cases causes dissatisfaction and rejection of your own voice when you hear it in a recording. For the same reason, a person hears himself differently from those around him, who perceive his speech exactly as he sounds on the recording. We ourselves hear our voice much lower than it seems to others. Once again, carefully and critically listen to the recording of your voice and, taking into account your own subjective impressions of it, draw a conclusion about whether you need to work on your voice, and if so, what unpleasant qualities you would like to get rid of.
If you want to improve the sound of your voice on your own, you should be prepared to spend several months of hard work until you see noticeable improvements. AND best assistant In this case, you will have some kind of sound recording device, which will give you the opportunity to control the results of voice correction. The key to success is short, but regular classes. You need to exercise every day (best at the same time) for 20-30 minutes.
Work on improving your voice should begin with developing correct posture and controlling your breathing. Poor posture leads to dysfunction of the respiratory system. With good posture, the respiratory organs are positioned correctly, which allows the voice to be light and free.
There are many exercises designed to develop correct posture. Start with the simplest ones.
— Stand with your back to a flat wall without baseboards so that your heels, buttocks, shoulder blades and the back of your head touch it. Keep your head straight: your jawline should be parallel to the floor. If in this position your palm fits freely between the wall and your lower back, then your posture is correct. Stand in this position for a minute and take 7 deep breaths (in through your nose, out through your mouth). Mentally imagining that the wall is stuck to your back and you are taking it with you, walk around the room - the longer, the better.
— Place a thick book with a hard, but not glossy cover on your head and walk around the room with this weight, balancing with your hands. Try doing a few squats or dance steps, being careful not to drop the book. Try to perform both exercises as often as possible.
— While walking, imagine that there is a thread tied to the top of your head, with someone pulling you up, and two more threads to your shoulders, pulling them slightly back. As a result, the chest will straighten, the back will become straight, and the stomach will tighten.
Correct speech breathing
The next stage is the development of the so-called. diaphragmatic breathing, which allows you to get a pleasant chest voice, achieve greater sonority and strength, and develop clear and intelligible speech. With diaphragmatic breathing, inhalation and exhalation occur as a result of contraction of the diaphragm, the longest muscle separating the chest and abdominal cavities. By stretching the lower part of the lungs, where oxygen usually does not reach, the diaphragm allows you to breathe, speak and sing using the entire volume of the lungs. Diaphragmatic breathing creates the necessary support for sound and helps distribute exhalation into equal portions to increase the number of spoken words. During the process of breathing, the stomach should protrude and not retract as you inhale. Well-controlled speech breathing is characterized by a short, silent inhalation and a long, economical, smooth, continuous exhalation. The ratio of the duration of inhalation and exhalation should be approximately 1:15 -1: 20. The next inhalation should be done as physically necessary, quickly and imperceptibly.
For example, this exercise helps you learn to breathe using your diaphragm. Stand straight, place your feet parallel and evenly distribute the load on them. Relax your arms, stomach and lower jaw. Bend your legs slightly at the knees. Raise your relaxed arms forward and up, take a short breath, then immediately throw your arms down while squatting slightly. At the same time, exhale, saying “Ooof!” (or “Wow!”, “That’s it!”, “Finally!”) the way you would do after finishing a hard job.
Having mastered the short exhalation, gradually lengthen it, pronouncing longer phrases more slowly and at the same time squatting deeper. Try to evenly distribute the volume of exhalation over the entire length of the phrase. You can say, for example, the following phrases: “The end is the crown of the matter,” “There is time for business, an hour for fun,” “If you drive more quietly, you will continue,” etc. During exhalation, the voice should sound as full as possible without interruption.
You can master diaphragmatic breathing if you regularly say on one exhalation, without taking in air
, each stanza of the poem translated by S.Ya. Marshak “The House That Jack Built” or a tongue twister: “Like on a hill, on a hillock, stood 33 Egorki. One Egorka, two Egorkas, three Egorkas, four Egorkas, five Egorkas...", etc. (I wonder how many Egorkas you can get on one exhale?).
Of the various existing breathing exercises and techniques that help achieve the desired sound of the voice, it is especially useful to use paradoxical breathing exercises by A.N. Strelnikova, which tones and trains the muscle groups involved in the formation of the voice.
You can strengthen your breathing and improve the sound of your voice by singing. Respiratory system Great for inflating balloons. To train the smoothness of exhalation, it is also recommended to use harmonica. Taking a deep breath of air, you need to blow into it smoothly, with equal force, so as to completely empty your lungs. It will be breathing exercises, and massage the larynx at the same time.
Attention! Should not be performed breathing exercises after meal.
In order to improve the sound of your voice, you need to mainly develop its qualities such as strength, timbre and flexibility. Regular exercises to develop the voice at the same time also provide a noticeable healing effect, having a beneficial effect on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, increasing the intensity of metabolic processes, as well as the stability of the emotional and mental state.
To develop the power of your voice, you need to train the ability to smoothly change the dynamics of sound from loud to quiet and from quiet to loud. The strength of the voice depends on the volume of breathing.
- Pronounce one syllable louder, the other quieter: am-om um-em um-im.
- Say the following interjections loudly-quietly-loudly: “ah - ah - ah”, “oh - oh - oh”, “hey - hey - hey”.
- Imitate the growl of a dog (“r”), the whistle of a steamship (“u”), the howl of the wind (“v”), the buzzing of a bee (“zh”), the squeak of a mosquito (“z”), etc., pronouncing the sounds more quietly or louder depending on the degree of removal of the imaginary object.
- Pronounce the syllables with sing-song intonation in the form of a scale, that is, raising the tone of the voice when moving to each next syllable, then pronounce them in reverse order- from top to bottom: ma-mo-mu-me-we-mi.
Repeat each exercise three times, observing correct technique breathing.
The timbre of the voice most depends on the individual properties and structure of the vocal cords, the density of their closure, the volume and shape of the resonators and trachea. The timbre is influenced by the movements of the muscles, pharynx, soft palate, lips, cheeks, tongue, and lower jaw. It is impossible to change the natural timbre of the voice, but it is quite possible to enrich and ennoble it with the help of exercises, coloring it with overtones.
- Stand or sit with your back straight. Without raising or lowering your chin, stretch your neck forward as far as possible, remain in this position for several seconds. Then, without throwing your head back and slightly lowering your chin, pull your neck back as far as possible, remain in this position for several seconds. Until you feel slightly tired, make smooth movements of your neck forward and backward, while saying the words “forward and backward.”
- With your mouth open, stick your tongue as far forward and down to your chin as possible, then tilt your head down. Then lift your tongue up to your nose and at the same time lift your head up, without throwing it back and stretching your neck as much as possible. Repeat the exercise several times.
- Take a deep breath. As you exhale, say one of the following words: “bomm,” “bimm,” “domm,” “donn,” “bonn,” “dimm.” Pronouncing the last consonant in a drawn-out manner, achieve vibration in the area of the nose and upper lip.
- Take a deep breath. On one exhalation, first pronounce briefly and then protractedly one of the syllables: mo-moo, mu-muu, mi-mii, mee-mee.
- Stand up straight with your arms folded across your chest. Leaning forward, exhale and pronounce the vowels “u” and “o” for a long time. Then, as you exhale, chant the following words: “milk”, “flour”, “eye”, “window”, “tin”.
- Say the words “Galya” and “dove” one after another with a soft fricative (Ukrainian) “g”, while the first word must be pronounced without straining the throat, but assertively - so that the sound comes as if straight from the stomach, while the second word you need to sing long. Repeat 8 times, recording on a voice recorder. After a week of daily exercise, make a new entry, comparing with the first.
- For 1 minute, click your tongue, imitating the clatter of hooves, while changing the position of your lips from collected in a tube to open in a wide smile. Pay attention to the change in color of the clicking sounds depending on the width of the mouth opening. When performing the exercise, you can use the melody of a song.
- Open your mouth, cover your nose with your fingers. Breathing through your mouth, read any text for 3-5 minutes.
- Lower your head, pressing your chin to your chest, and as you exhale, say “o-o-o” or “oo-o-o” in a deep voice until you have enough breath. Place your hand on your upper chest. You can lightly pat it with your palm. This will increase the vibration of the vocal cords and the force of their vibration. This exercise helps improve the sound of chest and low sounds.
When speaking, a person can use the sound of his voice to express joy, surprise, sympathy, request, order, threat, contempt, etc. The ability to consciously and easily change intonation in accordance with the content of what is being said is called vocal flexibility. Intonation is the “rising” and “descent” of the voice, which gives expressiveness and emotional coloring to speech. Intonation can both radically change the meaning of what is said and enhance the impression of your speech.
It is appropriate to recall here the statement of Irakli Andronikov: “The simple word “hello” can be said sarcastically, abruptly, affably, dryly, gloomily, affectionately, indifferently, ingratiatingly, arrogantly. This simple word can be pronounced in a thousand different ways.”
To ensure that speech is not monotonous, but bright and interesting to perceive, you need to enrich it with new intonation patterns using simple exercises. First, try pronouncing the words “yes” and “no” with different intonations (surprised, cheerful, uncertain, scared, indignant, etc.).
Turn on the recorder and say the following phrases with the suggested intonation:
- “Clever girl! Well done!" (with delight, ironically, angrily).
- “I will never forget this” (with gratitude, with resentment, with admiration, with anger).
- "Did you understand me?" (friendly, dry, formal, threatening).
- “I can’t stay here” (regretfully, significantly, offended, uncertainly, decisively).
Listen to the recording. Analyze whether you managed to convey the necessary emotions using intonation? You can use any other statements for this exercise.
— Read a poem or a short excerpt from a play out loud several times, choosing new intonations with each new reading.
— Guided by the principle of “listen - hear - reproduce,” listen carefully to how radio and television presenters or artists speak, analyze the intonation with which they pronounce this or that text, and repeat it after them.
To make your speech more expressive, try to mentally imagine what you are talking about, but avoid being unnatural or theatrical.
Exercises to improve diction
It is very difficult to listen to a person, even with a pleasant voice, but slurred speech: you either have to ignore part of what he says or ask him again many times. That's why clear and precise diction - required condition good speech. The most common deficiencies in diction are too hasty “crumpled” speech, careless, illegible pronunciation of sounds, swallowing the endings of words, speech “through teeth”, etc.
Stiff, clamped or sluggish articulatory organs (lower jaw, tongue, lips, pharynx, larynx) cause unclear, blurred pronunciation of sounds. Including stressed vowels, in which the quality of the voice is largely manifested. For this reason, classes to improve your voice should be supplemented with exercises to eliminate diction deficiencies. It should be noted, however, that such diction deficiencies as burr, lisp and nasality need to be corrected with the help of a speech therapist. But it’s quite possible to get rid of the “porridge in your mouth” on your own. For this you need
* fulfill articulatory gymnastics , monitoring the correct execution of movements using a mirror:
- Move your lower jaw slowly and gently to the left and right, forward and backward. Finish the exercise with circular movements of your jaw.
- Clenching your teeth tightly, stretch your lips in a smile, then stretch them out with a tube, repeat 5 times, ending with a smile.
- Puff out your cheeks as much as possible, then release the air sharply. After this, puff out and suck in your cheeks without letting the air out of your mouth. Repeat this several times.
- With your tongue out, make movements with it left, right, up, down, describe circles from left to right, then from right to left, then describe eights or other numbers to them.
Choose five simple tongue twisters, first pronounce them slowly, clearly pronouncing all vowels and consonants in an exaggerated manner, then gradually speed up the pace. When you read them easily and fluently, choose the next five, more difficult ones, etc. Record exercises with tongue twisters on a voice recorder to notice and quickly correct speech deficiencies, as well as make adjustments as you work.
Without opening your mouth, perform all the necessary movements with your larynx and tongue, as when pronouncing sounds normally. The result will be mooing sounds that do not resemble spoken sounds. Don't be embarrassed, this is how it should be. If you pronounce a phrase with your mouth closed for 5-10 minutes, then after a while you will realize that it is understandable to others. This is a difficult but very effective exercise.
The exercises given in the article are only initial stage voice work. But if you do them regularly, then even a not very beautiful and weak voice can be developed, strengthened and made euphonious and expressive.
And the ability to open your mouth widely ensures clear pronunciation of words. Diction, voice and speech are important components of any successful speech. If you don't open your mouth well, your speech becomes slurred, quiet, and sounds pass through your teeth. Diction is the clear pronunciation of sounds with correct articulation while clearly pronouncing phrases and words. In order to learn to open your mouth wide and develop jaw muscle mobility, special diction exercises have been developed. You will learn about them from the article.
The development of diction is simply necessary to avoid incomprehensible mooing when speaking. And pronunciation deficiencies that are not corrected in time can remain for the rest of your life.
In order for your voice to be loud, you need to breathe correctly. If you are new to developing it, then breathing exercises are the main thing you should do. Diction also depends on the development of the voice.
- Inhale air through your nose and count to three. Exhale it through your mouth. Repeat for 5 minutes.
- Feet shoulder-width apart, spine straight, one hand on the chest, the other on the stomach. As you inhale, push your stomach forward.
- Inhale air through your mouth and exhale it smoothly, saying: “a, i, s, e, u, o.”
- “Growl” and “moo” with your mouth closed until your lips tickle. First quietly, and then loudly.
Say combinations of consonants as you exhale. First, articulate sounds silently, then in a whisper, and finally loudly.
- Ba - would - bo - bae - bi - boo
- va - you - in - ve - vi - wu
- yes - dy - do - de - di - do
- pa - py - po - pe - pi - pu
- fa - fy - fo - fe - fi - fu
- ta - you - that - te - ti - tu
- ga - gee - go - ge - gi - gu
- ka - ky - ko - ke - ki - ku
- ha - he - ho - he - hee - hoo
Say the sound combinations as you exhale. First silently, after that - in a whisper, and at the end - clearly and loudly (but not to the point of screaming)
- lra - lry - lro - lre - lri - lru
- rla - rly - rlo - rle - rli - rlu
Say in syllables:
- Ppa - ppa - ppo - ppe - ppi - ppu
- Bba - bby - bbo - bbe - bbi - bbu
- Pubba - pubby - pubbo - pebbe - pibby - pibbu
Say the following combinations clearly:
- Bird - bird - bird - bird - bird - bird
- Tpka - tpka - tpko - tpke - tpka - tpka
- Kpta - kpty - kpto - kpte - kpti - kptu
Say these words clearly and slowly:
- Anna, Asya, Alisa, Albina, algebra, Anya, address, aster, author, poppy, yar, yak, poison, berry, us, ball, start, hand, pit, viola.
- Side, guest, here, rain, grief, dawn, bridge, house, cat, scrap, clods, score, tears, salt, ice, aunt, Lenya.
- Morning, mind, coal, bonds, tooth, prisoner, bow, club, noise, labor, writing, name, iron, south, union, spinning top, holy fool, young man, humor, in bad weather, on Wednesday.
- Howled - forked, was - beat, rear - mud, washed - Nile, blaze - saw. lynx - rice.
- By - be, gy - ge, you - ve, ly - le, ny - ne, we - me, py - pe, you - te, ry - re, sy - se.
Say phrases with different intonations. Imagine you are talking to a friend who doubts every word you say. You need to calmly and convincingly defend your case.
1. Mila bought Mimosa for her mother (evenly, calmly).
2. Did Mila buy mimosas for her mother? (emphasize the first word with intonation).
1. Mila bought Mimosa for her mother
2. Did Mila buy mimosas for her mother?
1. Mila bought Mimosa for her mother
2. Did Mila buy mimosas for her mother?
1. I bought Mila Mimosa for my mother.
2. Did Mila buy mimosas for her mother?
1. Mila bought Mimosa for mom!
Say the tongue twisters that come to your mind first silently, then in a whisper, and finally clearly and loudly. After that, say them laughing, with humor, then with the intention of saying something scary, and at the very end - at a very fast pace.
Do diction exercises daily and you will see results in three months. Don't be surprised if they start telling you that you have changed a lot. I hope that you will not find it difficult to complete all the diction exercises. Good luck!
Why don’t HR invite applicants for an interview after the first phone conversation? Sometimes people are rejected because they speak slowly, slurred, or uncertainly. Or, for example, public speaking. Even the most interesting lecture is not attractive if it is delivered by a gasping speaker. Listeners are distracted, paying attention to his imperfect “r”, constant woofing, breathing problems - the information fades into the background.
In order for you to sound at full capacity and be at your best in any situation where you need to speak and win over your voice, we turned for recommendations to Svetlana Vasilenko, an expert consultant on speech technique and rhetoric, author and host of talk-projects of radio “Kiev 98” FM".
Svetlana has been working in voice for 20 years and is sure that speaking beautifully and clearly is not a gift, but just a skill, as well as the skill of presenting correct information. This is how she developed her own method of teaching speech techniques, based on personal experience and the techniques that she tested in the process of compiling her own program.
Why We Sound Wrong: Three Key Reasons
Incorrect position of the vocal apparatus. Almost 90% of people need to work with speech. Adults often do not pay attention to the pronunciation of some of their sounds. Imperfect sounding occurs due to physical nuances - the tongue is not positioned as it should, the lips are not relaxed at the right moment, etc.
Laziness. One of the common reasons for incorrect sounding is simple laziness. We are too lazy to open our mouths, so we don’t use our jaws – they are motionless when we speak, only our lips move. Figuratively speaking, sounds come out with the help of air, and their quality depends on how wide we open our mouth
How sound is born
Sound is produced when air passes between the vocal cords. When we happen ringing sounds and vowels, the glottis formed by the cords closes, and with dull sounds it diverges. Frequent speaking, i.e. constant pressure vocal cords, leads to the fact that the initially thin cords thicken, become less flexible, and the voice “overgrows” with hoarseness, loses pitch and flight.
Have you noticed how teachers lose their voice after only 45 minutes of lecture and switch to a hoarse whisper? Typically, teachers speak at three times the normal rate, which means they are using connectives to their maximum capacity. Huge pressure pressure on these muscles leads to the appearance of knots or, as singers say, calluses, which can cause the voice to disappear. These nodes can only be removed surgically, but it is not a fact that you will sound as good as before the operation.
Therefore, professional lecturers, trainers, consultants, teachers, in order to preserve the voice and cords longer, learn to speak using a chest resonator, “excluding” the cords from the process as much as possible. Roughly speaking, they speak “with their chest”, not with their throat.
Ten exercises to improve your speaking technique
1. Love yourself
Often those who have problems with articulation are confident that they love themselves. But in fact, for a person who loves himself, the sound is born deep inside, and the person wants to be heard. So he speaks louder and clearer. To create a feeling of self-love, praise yourself in the morning in front of the mirror for 5 minutes, constantly thank yourself for being such a great person, take time for yourself during the day.
2. Open your mouth
When pronouncing words, physically open your mouth wider, work your jaw. If a person is worried, nervous, afraid of being uncomfortable, then he does not open his mouth while speaking, moving only his lips. Therefore, his speech is quiet, barely intelligible, as if under his breath. It is unlikely that an employer, colleague, listener, etc. will appreciate this.
3. Yawn and stretch
In the morning, instead of jumping up and shouting “I’m late! / I overslept!” stretch and have a good yawn. Most of the problems in speech technique are also due to the fact that all the muscles are tight: they become numb in the morning after sleep, and then in the office we sit, slouched and without warming up.
By stretching, you release all the muscles in your neck, which allow you to better hear sounds. By yawning, we “wake up” the jaw joints, relax the lips and the windpipe with its small movable tongue. It is he who influences the way we speak - by “releasing” sounds through the mouth or through the nose. Many speak nasally precisely because they direct air and sound through the nose, without training this part of the articulatory apparatus through yawning and relaxation.
4. Keep your back straight
The diaphragm, a muscular partition that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity, plays a huge role in the appearance of sound (conventionally, its border can be drawn along the lower edge of the ribs). By slouching and straining, we squeeze the diaphragm, preventing its natural movement.
A good speaker has a “pumped up” diaphragm, i.e. very mobile, so she can quickly change her position. With a straight back, our abdominal muscles are not tightened, which means we can take in as much air for speaking as necessary.
Check whether you are sitting correctly - bring your shoulder blades together, lower them to the level when your back becomes straight. At first there will be slight discomfort from being unaccustomed to it, the main thing is that you can calmly stand or sit in this position. By the way, standing up straight makes you look more confident.
5. Place your chin perpendicular to your neck
One girl defined her voice in ordinary life like “the creaking of an ungreased door,” but at meetings with friends after a glass of wine, everyone admired her amazing chesty voice. And to the question “What’s wrong with my voice?” there was a very simple answer - she raised her chin high, straining the muscles of her neck near her throat, and the sound could not come out normally. And in a relaxed state, her chin fell into place, air appeared - and her voice sounded as it should. If the chin is lowered lower than 90 degrees, then the back muscles of the neck are pulled and the sound does not receive enough air to appear.
6. « Wake up"resonators
While doing your morning chores, hum - sing your favorite song, a random melody with your mouth closed, try to read a couple of paragraphs from a book with your mouth closed, or, easiest of all, pronounce the sound “mmmmm”.
7. Always drink in small sips
Gastroenterologists advise drinking warm water with lemon in order to wake up the body. The same water helps awaken the speech organs. In the morning, drinking a glass of water in small sips, you train your small tongue. As it rises, it “works” to its full potential, and your nasal tone disappears by itself.
8. Do a vibration massage
As we have already said, sounds are not created by the vocal cords alone. Our voice becomes special, receiving a beautiful vibration thanks to internal resonators. Basic vibration massage techniques are done on the frontal sinuses (these are the voids in the center of the forehead, at the point where the eyebrows meet), the maxillary sinuses, the upper and lower lip, and the upper chest. The exercises below will reveal to you the subtleties of this massage at the indicated points.
Frontal sinuses. When massaging a point on the frontal sinuses, pronounce the sound “m” and send it upward. Imagine that the sound is going somewhere upward, above the top of your head, becoming thinner. In the place where the palate ends and the tongue begins, vibration appears. Nothing physically vibrates, but the very sensation of vibration will be there. Massage helps the resonators wake up - and the body as a whole gets used to the correct sound of all sounds.
Maxillary sinuses. When massaging the maxillary sinuses, “lower” the sound “m” completely into the nose. Close one nostril and pronounce the sound “m”, while lowering the tone, releasing through the open nostril. If you perform the exercise correctly, the wing of the open nostril vibrates a little. Monitor the execution - it is important that the vibration remains in the nose area and does not go to the teeth or tongue. This will not happen right away, but this task can be easily completed by those who are used to speaking through their noses.
By releasing sounds alternately through different nostrils, you can massage the points at the wings of the nose. You are probably familiar with the effect of this massage. Often, when we need to speak with a stuffy nose, we intuitively rub three points near the maxillary sinuses, reducing swelling, clearing the airways, and accordingly we sound more clearly, especially when pronouncing sonorant sounds, including “m” and “n”.
Upper lip. Vibration massage is aimed at teaching the upper lip to resonate - it must relax for correct pronunciation all sounds. To do this, pronounce the sound “v”, trying to feel how the middle of the upper lip works. The right sound“v” is born precisely at this point: the air, leaving the mouth, hits the middle of the lip at an angle of 45 degrees and vibrates a little. By doing this exercise, you will feel how the area itches. Add massage to the point above the upper lip.
Underlip. For the lower lip, use the same principle as for the upper lip, only using the “z” sound. The sound “z” is born in the same way as “v”, only the air is directed to the middle of the lower lip. The massage is done on the point below the middle of the lower lip. Due to the tightness of the middle of the lower lip, problems may arise with the pronunciation of “sh”, “sch”, “zh”. If it seems to you that your lips are not involved in the appearance of “v” and “z”, start massaging the indicated points and physically feel the vibration.
Chest resonator. To vibrate the chest resonator, pronounce the sound “zh” and, as you exhale, send it as far down the chest as possible. This way you lower your voice as much as possible. In this case, the vocal cords do not take part in the production of sound, since they are completely relaxed, although physically you can feel their slight vibrations.
Check to see if it's done correctly - place your hand on your chest, below your neck. And it is in this place that you feel the vibration, but not in the neck, where the ligaments are. The voice becomes lower.
9. Always train your chest resonator
Place your hand on your chest and as you exhale, say “chug-chug-chug” as if you were a little train. Ideally, you should hear a sound hitting your palm from inside your chest with each “chug.” It’s difficult to speak “with your chest” right away, but over time it will become the norm.
10. Open the windpipe (trachea)
Open your mouth and make the sound “a” as you exhale. At the same time, try to relax your throat as much as possible. In addition, by doing this you warm up your jaws and lips - an additional beneficial effect.
A person under stress shrinks all over and sounds have difficulty making their way out through his throat. Try to strain your throat, you will immediately understand what we are talking about. Therefore, every time you need to relax your throat before a public speaking, presentation, interview, take a couple of minutes for this exercise.
Articulation gymnastics
To speak clearly and quickly, to confidently argue, you need to quickly and clearly work the muscles of your lips, jaw and tongue. The exercises below will be useful to you to develop the muscles of the speech apparatus. In addition, this simple gymnastics will solve the problem of most sounds once and for all.
Each muscle group is worked separately, but always in combination. Even if you feel like you can't do an exercise, just do it - you need to train muscles that you haven't used before. Perform each exercise 3-5 times. Also, when working one specific muscle group, relax the remaining muscles as much as possible.
Lips
"Duck." Pull your lips together as if you were saying the letter “y,” and then stretch your lips, exposing your upper and lower teeth as much as possible. You can enhance the effect by making circular movements with your “ducky” lips in different directions.
"Mask". Open your mouth wide and pull your lips inside your mouth as much as possible. This is a good massage for the lips and jaw. Finish the exercise with a big smile. “Mask” is good if you don’t have time for full articulation gymnastics.
"Jar of jam." Remember how you lick the jam from your lips with your tongue. Extend your tongue and, straining your muscles, slowly move it across your lips. Here the muscles of the tongue and lips are simultaneously activated. You can enhance the effect by running your tongue behind your lips.
"Rabbit". Without using your hands, lift your upper lip up, i.e. pull it towards your nose. Try not to wrinkle your forehead and relax your face.
Language
"Horse". Click your tongue like you did when you were a child. This is especially good for those who have trouble with "r" and "l" sounds. At correct execution you should experience a vibration between the roof of your mouth and the middle of your tongue. This exercise trains the middle part of the tongue to work.
"Artist". The exercise is especially suitable for correcting the sounds “r” and “l” in those with a short sublingual frenulum. Imagine that your tongue is a brush, with which you draw a straight line from the teeth across the entire upper palate to the movable tongue, pressing the tongue tightly against the “canvas”.
"Sword". For working out cheeks and lips from the inside. Tighten your tongue like a mini-skewer and lick the inside of your lips - slowly running your tongue along the upper and lower jaw. The tension “turns on” the tip and base of the tongue.
"Boat". Helps correct the pronunciation of the “ch” sound. Lateral muscles tongues rise and the tongue protrudes from the mouth. There is no need to pronounce the sound - this way you make the “lazy” muscles of the tongue, which have not previously participated in speaking, jump. It has been noticed that 90% of people who cannot say “ch” do not know how to make a boat.
Jaws
"Nutcracker". Open your mouth as wide as possible. Do it very slowly. Then slowly close your mouth.
"Shifts". Move your jaw forward without straining your lips. Then separately to the right and separately to the left. Aerobatics is to make a retractable circular movement of the jaw clockwise and counterclockwise. To begin with, try to make a movement along the square, gradually turning it into a small oval.
To minimize all injuries, because... your jaw is not used to stress, perform all exercises with your mouth open or slightly open.
When there is no time
If you need to work on articulation without time, in the morning before important meeting, then do the following exercises.
1. Write all the consonants of the alphabet in a row and choose any word starting with the letter “b” (or a word that is difficult to pronounce for you). For example, "barrel". Then say this word, changing the first letter: “barrel, barrel, barrel...”.
And if you want to additionally say goodbye to nasality, then close your nostrils with your fingers, inhale through your mouth, and opening your mouth as much as possible, say the same thing. This way all the air will come out exclusively through the mouth.
Go through the alphabet back and forth. You will immediately sound different and better - you will wake up your speech apparatus, and almost all sounds will sound correctly.
2. Substitute all the consonants in turn for the vowels “i”, “e”, “a”, “o”, “u”, “s”. Run through the alphabet and you'll sound much more convincing in your morning meeting.
Breathing technique
The ability to breathe correctly is the most important thing in speech technique and oratory. Breathing is practiced in parallel with the production of sounds and pumping of the muscles of the lips, tongue and jaw.
How to breathe correctly
You need to inhale only through your nose, exhale only through your mouth. It is ideal if sounds are born along with the exhalation.
As you inhale, completely relax your abdominal muscles and diaphragm. Remember how children breathe while sticking out their bellies? Do the same without tension - and a relaxed stomach will become a container for the air that is so necessary in the speaking process. In such a stomach, the muscles of the diaphragm easily bend and let in air.
As you exhale, pull in your stomach, thus arching the diaphragm in the other direction and thereby releasing the air. Otherwise, you take in air, tense up, quickly say what you need to say, and only then exhale - which is completely wrong.
Always remember: inhale on a relaxed stomach, exhale while tightening your stomach.
Working on inhalation and exhalation
Exists great amount breathing techniques, and all of them are based on working the diaphragm. And their common key moment– Having done any exercise to inhale, you must do an exercise to exhale.
Just starting to study breathing techniques, always take water with you to prevent hyperventilation. If you don’t feel completely comfortable, or feel dizzy, just drink water and breathe calmly.
Inhale. Imagine that there are three bags of coffee in front of you. You were allowed to smell them all and choose one. You need to understand what kind of coffee you like best and be completely satisfied with its aroma. Take one forced exhale, and then inhale sharply three times so that your chest tightens. The stomach is relaxed, remember! Then, tightening your stomach, exhale calmly.
Exhalation. First, prepare for the execution - to get rid of excess air on the previous inhalation, i.e. hyperventilation, you need to exhale forcefully. With sharp movements, like a pump, exhale the air along with the sound “f”, sharply drawing in your stomach with each movement.
Now you can do the exercise: take a deep breath through your nose and, as you exhale, divided into three, tightening your stomach, sharply blow out three candles on an imaginary cake. Each candle with a separate portion of air. The trick is to leave a little more air in your lungs so that you can take a gentle breath instead of gasping for air. Some people can divide one exhalation into 12 parts.
General relaxation. If you are nervous, take a deep breath, taking in small portions of air for 4 counts, and smoothly, in one movement, release the air. Then inhale deeply in one movement, then, breaking the exhalation into 4 counts, push the air out in small bursts.
1) Don’t rush to do everything quickly so as not to harm yourself.
2) Look at yourself in the mirror while doing the exercises. Monitor the correct execution until it becomes automatic. The brain always draws its own algorithms for performing a particular task, so you can do it incorrectly without knowing it.
4) Don't be afraid to articulate. Vowel sounds not only begin to sound louder, but also gain strength if you open your mouth wide.
5) Regularly pronounce patters for different sounds. Or, for example, collect your favorite tongue twisters into one multi-tongued language and learn it. Pronounce it slowly - this way you will improve your speech apparatus, learn to pronounce words clearly.
6) Don’t strive to get results in one day. The muscles need to be trained, and this will take at least 21 days.
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