Voice timbre exercises. Exercise to develop vocal mobility. Psychological exercises for voice development, practicing euphony

Voice is one of the tools for interaction between people. If he is naturally weak and insecure, there is a high probability that the words you speak will not produce any effect. desired effect. But Professor Felix Alekseevich Kuzmin believes that the power of the voice can and should be trained.

You can develop its strength with the help of special exercises, just as you develop muscles in physical education classes. The voice will become lower and more euphonious, its range will expand, and pronunciation will become clearer.

Exercise 1

Stand in front of the mirror. Exhale, then inhale and say each sound until you have enough breath. So, take a breath and begin:

- Eeeeeeeee.

- Eeeeeeeeeee.

- Aaaaaaaaaah.

- Ohhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.

- Uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu.

This sequence is not random, you start with the highest frequency sound - “i”. If you place your palm on your head, you will feel a slight vibration of the skin. This is evidence of more intense blood circulation. Pronouncing the sound “e” activates the neck and throat area, you can feel this by placing your hands on your neck. Pronouncing the sound “a” has a beneficial effect on the chest area. When pronouncing the sound “o”, the blood supply to the heart increases, and exercise with the sound “u” has a positive effect on the lower abdomen.

Say all the sounds slowly one after the other three times. Do you want your voice to be lower and deeper? Then say the sound “u” many times throughout the day.

Exercise 2

Now you need to activate the chest and abdomen area, to do this you need to pronounce the sound “m” with your mouth closed. Do exercises on the sound “m” three times. Once very quietly, the second time louder and the third time as loud as possible so that vocal cords tensed up. When you place your palm on your stomach, you will feel a strong vibration.

There are special exercises for developing strength and. If you practice them regularly, your voice will become low and euphonious, the range will become larger, the diction will become clearer, the modulation will be brighter and the expression of emotions will be more convincing.

The best time to perform these exercises is in the morning, because they not only train your voice, but also energize you for the whole day.

There is another effect of doing these exercises. With their help, not only the voice develops - thoughts become clearer and clearer, a person gains self-confidence. A deep and low voice leaves a pleasant impression and is imprinted in the memory of the interlocutors. Your words will make a greater impression, will become more significant. Your authority will be strengthened.

Do these exercises daily, in order, one after another, and you will soon be surprised to see how much better your voice has become.

Pronouncing the sounds “i, uh, a, oh, u”

Stand in front of the mirror. Exhale, then take a deep breath, and as you exhale, pronounce one sound protractedly, then inhale and exhale again, take a deep breath, and pronounce the second sound protractedly, do the same for the third sound, for the fourth, and so on until you pronounce thus all sounds: “i”, “e”, “a”, “o”, “u”.

Pronounce the sounds as long as you have enough breath while exhaling. Do not force the air out of your lungs and do not strain your throat ligaments. Sounds should come from you easily and freely.

The sequence “and, uh, a, o, y” is not accidental. The sound "and" has the most high frequency. While pronouncing this sound, press your palm on top of your head - you will feel the vibration of the skin. If you don’t feel it, change the tone of the sound, make it lower or higher. Vibration indicates more intense blood circulation in the area where it is felt.

The next sound is “e”. Its pronunciation activates the neck and throat area. You can feel this by placing your palm on your neck.

Pronouncing the sound “a” has a beneficial effect on the chest area.

The sound “o” improves blood supply to the heart.

The sound “u” has a beneficial effect on the organs located in the lower abdomen.

All sounds must be pronounced one after another, three cycles in a row.

Pronouncing the sound "m"

Exhale, inhale, and say with your closed mouth the drawn-out sound “m,” like a cow mooing. This sound activates the chest and abdominal area. You need to pronounce this sound three times. The first time - very quietly, the second time - louder, the third time - as loud as possible. If you place your hand on your stomach while pronouncing this sound, you will feel the vibration of your stomach.

Pronouncing the sound "r"

Particular attention should be paid to pronouncing the sound “r” - this exercise improves diction and pronunciation, and also gives the voice strength and energy. Before speaking, relax your tongue - raise your tongue to the upper palate and roar like a tractor. Then growl the “r” sound three times. After this, expressively and emotionally, with an emphatically rolling “r”, say a dozen words that contain the letter “r”.

Tarzan Exercise

Stand up straight, exhale and take a deep breath. As you exhale, pronounce the sounds “i”, “e”, “a”, “o”, “u”, as in the first exercise, only now clench your hands into fists, and at the same time as you pronounce, beat yourself in the chest with your fists, as Tarzan did in film.

Tarzan's exercise clears the bronchi of mucus, frees breathing, and fills with energy. If you want to cough, don’t hold back, cough to clear your lungs of everything unnecessary. The Tarzan exercise is done only in the morning - it has a very powerful tonic and energetic effect.

After a couple of weeks of daily training, compare your new voice with the previous one you had before training. It would be best to record your voice before starting classes.

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The wisest people of all times attached great importance to:

Hazrat Inayat Khan, an Indian musician and philosopher, believed that by knowing the secret of sound, one can know.

In my opinion, the voice is an even more revealing mirror of the soul than the eyes. The eyes can be averted to the side, hidden behind dark glasses, and the voice, if not mastered, will tell about all the problems of the individual: it will reflect the inner reality of a person in all its colors. Eg:

• You raise your voice unnecessarily - it means you are worried and losing control of yourself;
• The pace of speech accelerates - uncertainty;
• You interrupt and try to answer without listening to the end of the question - you are irritated.

But if we own this powerful tool, then with its help we can harmonize our inner world(gain confidence and calmness), which means creating our reality.

After all, the voice is ours business card. Special exercises for voice training , will teach you to speak beautifully, confidently and freely. Your opinion will always be listened to, and you will never hear addressed to you: “It would be better if he didn’t open his mouth.”

Do you really need to work on your voice?

• Reading with a pencil.

We hold a pencil or wine cork between the front teeth. In this case, the mouth is slightly open, the tongue does not touch the cork (pencil), the teeth are exposed. We pronounce those sounds, when pronouncing which the lips do not engage in movement: k, g, g, k', y, n, n, l, l, d, d. Next, we connect them with vowels.

We take any book and read aloud several pages in this uncomfortable position. Must be repeated daily. The positive effect is noticed quickly.

• K T P (six different combinations) + vowel sounds Y O E I A U.

For example: we repeat quickly kpti-kpte-ktpo-ktpa-ktpo-ktpu-ktpy, then ktpi-ktpe-ktpa-ktpo-ktpu-ktpy and so on, combining with different vowels (ktpi-..., kpti-..., tpki-..., birds-...).

We perform the same actions for the consonants B G D, ZH R L, M R L in combination with the vowel sounds Y O E I A U.

• Write down those sounds that are difficult for you to pronounce(for example, p, c, l). Make up sentences with words in which these sounds are repeated often. Repeat these suggestions daily.
• Pronounce the vowels first silently and then loudly:eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee The mouth should be open wide, the jaw should drop down freely.
• Read your favorite poems, pronouncing and emphasizing the sounds of yayayayay, aaaaa, iiiiii, eeeeee, yoyoyoyo.
• Pronounce tongue twisters: first - slowly, then - quickly, clearly and rhythmically:

The common duck has raised the young birds.

The Ligurian traffic controller was regulating in Liguria.

The redstart-redtail burned the redtails.

The Avocet has embroidered the Avocets.

And I have no time for feeling unwell.

Brit Klim-brother, Brit Gleb-brother, brother Ignat is bearded.

The pike tries in vain to pinch the bream.

He didn’t carry it, but he brought it to us.

The nervous constitutionalist was found acclimatized in Constantinople.

A heron is carrying a pig with a pike on a sled.

A big pile won't get boring.

Rhododendrons from the arboretum.

Now this, now that, now this, now that, then the woodpecker seems like an Egyptian god.

• Grandmother's method: put in mouth walnuts and talk and read aloud for about 20 minutes every day. Remember the film “I am the most charming and attractive” with Irina Muravyova in leading role. There she developed her speech in the same way. The main thing is that you need to pronounce the syllables clearly.

Lower jaw training

You should practice in front of a mirror; only the articulatory organs should participate in the exercises, and the forehead, nose and eyes should remain motionless. Do the exercises smoothly and slowly.

• We lower the lower jaw by two fingers and hold it in this position, counting to five. Close your mouth slowly.
• We lower the lower jaw and slowly move it left and right.
• We lower the lower jaw and slowly push it forward and return it to its original position.

We train the muscles of the tongue

A sedentary and sluggish tongue often leads to loss of speech intelligibility; it becomes slurred and slurred.

• Roll your tongue into a tube.
• Stick your tongue out of your mouth as far as possible and move it left, right, down and up.
• Lick everything inside your mouth with your tongue, as if cleaning, penetrating into the farthest corners.
• Click your tongue, pressing it firmly against the roof of your mouth and then sharply lowering it.
• Perform all these exercises efficiently, but without unnecessary tension.

Lip training

• In the initial position, the mouth is closed, the muscles of the lower jaw are relaxed. Alternately raise and lower the upper and lower lips, while the gums are not visible and the facial muscles are calm.
• Pull the corners of your mouth to the sides, and then stretch your lips forward with a tube. First imitate, then pronounce the sounds u – and.
• Repeatedly pronounce combinations of labial consonants bm, mb, mp, pm and labiodental mv, em, vb, bv, etc.
• Massage your lips: with your lower teeth on the upper one, and with your upper teeth on the lower one.
• Stretch your lips with a tube and move them left and right.

Pharynx muscle training

• First mentally, then in a whisper, then out loud, alternately pronounce the sounds “i” and “u”. Repeat at least 10-15 times.

This exercise develops the mobility of the larynx: when pronouncing the vowel sounds “i”, the larynx takes the highest position, and the phonation “u” lowers it to the lowest position.

• Teeth closed, suck in air.
• Lips extended forward, suck in air.
• Imitate chewing movements with your mouth open and closed - during the exercise the muscles of the larynx, soft palate, pharynx, lips and tongue contract vigorously.

Developing sonority and flight of voice

We train the upper resonators:

• While sitting or standing, take a short breath through your nose. At the same time, with your mouth closed and without tension, say “n” or “m” with a questioning intonation. Try to feel the vibration in the area of ​​your upper lip and nose.
• Take a deep breath. As you exhale, say “bonn,” “donn,” or “bimm.” Pronounce the last consonant protractedly, achieve a feeling of vibration in the area of ​​the upper lip and nose.
• Take a deep breath. While exhaling, pronounce the syllables “momm”, “mimm”, “ninn”, “nunn”, “nann”, etc.
• Take a deep breath. As you exhale, first pronounce briefly and then protractively any of the open syllables: mu-muu, mi-mii, mo-moo, no-noo, ni-nii, etc.

Training the lower resonators(pronounce the vowels “u” and “o” drawn out and as low as possible):

• While standing, place your hand on your chest. Yawn with your mouth closed, fixing your larynx in the lower position. While exhaling, say “u” or “o”, try to feel the vibration of the chest. If this does not work, vibration can be artificially caused by lightly tapping the sternum with your hand.
• While standing, place your hands on your chest. Leaning forward, exhale and pronounce the vowels “u” and “i” for a long time.
• Standing position, hands on chest. As you exhale, say “window,” “eye,” “tin,” “flour,” or “milk.”

To conclude this article, let me quote the words of Hazrat Inayat Khan:

He who controls himself is free.

Choice free man- unlimited.

As you know, the voice serves a person not only as a means of transmitting information, but also helps to express his emotions and feelings. The human voice can be pleasant, melodic, strong, or, conversely, barely audible, harsh and irritating. Voice development is beneficial for any person. There are only a few lucky people who naturally have a sonorous, low voice, but what about the rest who would also like to speak beautifully? Under no circumstances should you give up! The voice can and should be developed, it is just the result of the work of the muscles of the larynx, chest, and also correct breathing. Let's seek advice from experts and find out how to develop your voice to gain self-confidence and popularity among others.

Voice production

Before answering the question of how to voice, we suggest you understand what characteristics our voice has. There is such a thing as voice flight - this is the ability of the voice to fill space. At the same time, flight does not mean loudness, as most people think. The voice can be flying, but at the same time completely quiet. The opposite situation also happens, when a seemingly loud voice, striking in its sound, “finishes off” a maximum of the 4th row in the hall.

The next characteristic of a voice is its volume. This characteristic can be done quite easily and quickly. Breathing and voice are directly related to each other, therefore, the more and more correctly you work on staging your breathing, the sooner your voice will sound bright and loud. In order to develop the volume of your voice, you need to work on the depth of your breathing, increasing the active volume of your lungs. Running, swimming, football, boxing and others are ideal for these purposes. physical activity requiring prolonged deep breathing.

The last characteristic of a voice on our list is its timbre. Unlike the previous two, the timbre of the voice is a completely natural quality, which is extremely difficult to influence. However, voice technique can be corrected by deepening the voice sound and practicing diction. If you deliberately speak quietly and as deeply as possible, i.e. use a low sound range, your voice will automatically be perceived as chesty, low and pleasant, which will ultimately affect its timbre.

To summarize the above, we note that voice production is a painstaking, labor-intensive work that requires a serious, versatile approach. You will have to work for a long time (from 6 months or more) every day, preferably in the morning, performing a variety of exercises, which will be described below, as well as playing sports to improve your general physical health and lung capacity in particular.

Voice exercises

IN modern world There are various voice production techniques, each of which has its adherents and opponents. If we put them together, we can conclude that all voice exercises can be divided into several categories.

First category – breathing exercises for voice development. To perform them, you must stand in front of the mirror and take a deep breath, and as you exhale, pronounce sounds in the following sequence: “i”, “e”, “a”, “o”, “u” on one exhalation. The sound “i” is the highest, so start the exercise with it in order to gradually develop the sound range of your voice. The sound “e” is needed to activate the throat and neck area, the sound “a” “descends” to the chest area, and the sound “o” is needed to strengthen the heart and improve its blood circulation. The sound “u” is needed to develop diaphragmatic breathing. You must repeat each sound 3 times. If your goal is to deepen your voice, repeat the sound “u” more often.

Another exercise to activate the abdominal and chest area is pronouncing the sound “m”. You should repeat this exercise three times, very quietly at first, gradually increasing the volume. To check if you are doing it right, place your palms on your stomach, if you feel vibration, then everything is correct.

The final exercise for developing breathing power is called “Tarzan”. To perform it, you must stand up straight and first exhale deeply, and then inhale. Next, you need to clench your hands into fists and pronounce all the sounds from the previous exercise in the same sequence, while simultaneously beating yourself on the chest with your fists. As a result, your lungs will be cleared of mucus and your breathing will become freer.

Another category of voice development exercises is exercises for pronouncing different sounds. We wrote about them in detail in the article on the development of diction. Here we just mention that to improve your pronunciation, it is useful to read tongue twisters with those letters that cause you the most difficulty, as well as recite and read aloud more, carefully listening to the sound own voice, placing one hand to your ear and simulating a microphone with the other hand. This way you will understand how others hear your voice, and you will be able to correct it more accurately.

Facial exercises are considered generally useful, the purpose of which is to free up the throat and transfer the main work of pronouncing words to the lips and diaphragm. With this exercise you will train your ligaments and they will tire less. You need to pronounce the syllables “Q” and “Ix” slowly and clearly, rounding your lips on “Q” and stretching them into a smile on “Ix”.

Why don’t HR invite applicants for an interview after the first phone conversation? Sometimes people are rejected because they speak slowly, slurred, or uncertainly. Or, for example, public speaking. Even the most interesting lecture is not attractive if it is delivered by a gasping speaker. Listeners are distracted, paying attention to his imperfect “r”, constant woofing, breathing problems - the information fades into the background.

In order for you to sound at full capacity and be at your best in any situation where you need to speak and win over your voice, we turned for recommendations to Svetlana Vasilenko, an expert consultant on speech technique and rhetoric, author and host of talk-projects of radio “Kiev 98” FM".

Svetlana has been working in voice for 20 years and is sure that speaking beautifully and clearly is not a gift, but just a skill, as well as the skill of presenting correct information. This is how she developed her own method of teaching speech techniques, based on personal experience and the techniques that she tested in the process of compiling her own program.

Why We Sound Wrong: Three Key Reasons

Incorrect position of the vocal apparatus. Almost 90% of people need to work with speech. Adults often do not pay attention to the pronunciation of some of their sounds. Imperfect sounding occurs due to physical nuances - the tongue is not positioned as it should, the lips are not relaxed at the right moment, etc.

Laziness. One of the common reasons for incorrect sounding is simple laziness. We are too lazy to open our mouths, so we don’t use our jaws – they are motionless when we speak, only our lips move. Figuratively speaking, sounds come out with the help of air, and their quality depends on how wide we open our mouth

How sound is born

Sound is produced when air passes between the vocal cords. When we happen ringing sounds and vowels, the glottis formed by the cords closes, and with dull sounds it diverges. Frequent speaking, i.e. constant pressure vocal cords, leads to the fact that the initially thin cords thicken, become less flexible, and the voice “overgrows” with hoarseness, loses pitch and flight.

Have you noticed how teachers lose their voice after only 45 minutes of lecture and switch to a hoarse whisper? Typically, teachers speak at three times the normal rate, which means they are using connectives to their maximum capacity. Huge pressure pressure on these muscles leads to the appearance of knots or, as singers say, calluses, which can cause the voice to disappear. These nodes can only be removed surgically, but it is not a fact that you will sound as good as before the operation.

Therefore, professional lecturers, trainers, consultants, teachers, in order to preserve the voice and cords longer, learn to speak using a chest resonator, “excluding” the cords from the process as much as possible. Roughly speaking, they speak “with their chest”, not with their throat.

Ten exercises to improve your speaking technique

1. Love yourself

Often those who have problems with articulation are confident that they love themselves. But in fact, for a person who loves himself, the sound is born deep inside, and the person wants to be heard. So he speaks louder and clearer. To create a feeling of self-love, praise yourself in the morning in front of the mirror for 5 minutes, constantly thank yourself for being such a great person, take time for yourself during the day.

2. Open your mouth

When pronouncing words, physically open your mouth wider, work your jaw. If a person is worried, nervous, afraid of being uncomfortable, then he does not open his mouth while speaking, moving only his lips. Therefore, his speech is quiet, barely intelligible, as if under his breath. It is unlikely that an employer, colleague, listener, etc. will appreciate this.

3. Yawn and stretch

In the morning, instead of jumping up and shouting “I’m late! / I overslept!” stretch and have a good yawn. Most of the problems in speech technique are also due to the fact that all the muscles are tight: they become numb in the morning after sleep, and then in the office we sit, slouched and without warming up.

By stretching, you release all the muscles in your neck, which allow you to better hear sounds. By yawning, we “wake up” the jaw joints, relax the lips and the windpipe with its small movable tongue. It is he who influences the way we speak - by “releasing” sounds through the mouth or through the nose. Many speak nasally precisely because they direct air and sound through the nose, without training this part of the articulatory apparatus through yawning and relaxation.

4. Keep your back straight

The diaphragm, a muscular partition that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity, plays a huge role in the appearance of sound (conventionally, its border can be drawn along the lower edge of the ribs). By slouching and straining, we squeeze the diaphragm, preventing its natural movement.

A good speaker has a “pumped up” diaphragm, i.e. very mobile, so she can quickly change her position. With a straight back, our abdominal muscles are not tightened, which means we can take in as much air for speaking as necessary.

Check whether you are sitting correctly - bring your shoulder blades together, lower them to the level when your back becomes straight. At first there will be slight discomfort from being unaccustomed to it, the main thing is that you can calmly stand or sit in this position. By the way, standing up straight makes you look more confident.

5. Place your chin perpendicular to your neck

One girl defined her voice in ordinary life like “the creaking of an ungreased door,” but at meetings with friends after a glass of wine, everyone admired her amazing chesty voice. And to the question “What’s wrong with my voice?” there was a very simple answer - she raised her chin high, straining the muscles of her neck near her throat, and the sound could not come out normally. And in a relaxed state, her chin fell into place, air appeared - and her voice sounded as it should. If the chin is lowered lower than 90 degrees, then the back muscles of the neck are pulled and the sound does not receive enough air to appear.

6. « Wake up"resonators

While doing your morning chores, hum - sing your favorite song, a random melody with your mouth closed, try to read a couple of paragraphs from a book with your mouth closed, or, easiest of all, pronounce the sound “mmmmm”.

7. Always drink in small sips

Gastroenterologists advise drinking warm water with lemon in order to wake up the body. The same water helps awaken the speech organs. In the morning, drinking a glass of water in small sips, you train your small tongue. As it rises, it “works” to its full potential, and your nasal tone disappears by itself.

8. Do a vibration massage

As we have already said, sounds are not created by the vocal cords alone. Our voice becomes special, receiving a beautiful vibration thanks to internal resonators. Basic vibration massage techniques are done on the frontal sinuses (these are the voids in the center of the forehead, at the point where the eyebrows meet), the maxillary sinuses, the upper and lower lip, and the upper chest. The exercises below will reveal to you the subtleties of this massage at the indicated points.

Frontal sinuses. When massaging a point on the frontal sinuses, pronounce the sound “m” and send it upward. Imagine that the sound is going somewhere upward, above the top of your head, becoming thinner. In the place where the palate ends and the tongue begins, vibration appears. Nothing physically vibrates, but the very sensation of vibration will be there. Massage helps the resonators wake up - and the body as a whole gets used to the correct sound of all sounds.

Maxillary sinuses. When massaging the maxillary sinuses, “lower” the sound “m” completely into the nose. Close one nostril and pronounce the sound “m”, while lowering the tone, releasing through the open nostril. If you perform the exercise correctly, the wing of the open nostril vibrates a little. Monitor the execution - it is important that the vibration remains in the nose area and does not go to the teeth or tongue. This will not happen right away, but this task can be easily completed by those who are used to speaking through their noses.

By releasing sounds alternately through different nostrils, you can massage the points at the wings of the nose. You are probably familiar with the effect of this massage. Often, when we need to speak with a stuffy nose, we intuitively rub three points near the maxillary sinuses, reducing swelling, clearing the airways, and accordingly we sound more clearly, especially when pronouncing sonorant sounds, including “m” and “n”.

Upper lip. Vibration massage is aimed at teaching the upper lip to resonate - it must relax for correct pronunciation all sounds. To do this, pronounce the sound “v”, trying to feel how the middle of the upper lip works. The right sound“v” is born precisely at this point: the air, leaving the mouth, hits the middle of the lip at an angle of 45 degrees and vibrates a little. By doing this exercise, you will feel how the area itches. Add massage to the point above the upper lip.

Underlip. For the lower lip, use the same principle as for the upper lip, only using the “z” sound. The sound “z” is born in the same way as “v”, only the air is directed to the middle of the lower lip. The massage is done on the point below the middle of the lower lip. Due to the tightness of the middle of the lower lip, problems may arise with the pronunciation of “sh”, “sch”, “zh”. If it seems to you that your lips are not involved in the appearance of “v” and “z”, start massaging the indicated points and physically feel the vibration.

Chest resonator. To vibrate the chest resonator, pronounce the sound “zh” and, as you exhale, send it as far down the chest as possible. This way you lower your voice as much as possible. In this case, the vocal cords do not take part in the production of sound, since they are completely relaxed, although physically you can feel their slight vibrations.

Check to see if it's done correctly - place your hand on your chest, below your neck. And it is in this place that you feel the vibration, but not in the neck, where the ligaments are. The voice becomes lower.

9. Always train your chest resonator

Place your hand on your chest and as you exhale, say “chug-chug-chug” as if you were a little train. Ideally, you should hear a sound hitting your palm from inside your chest with each “chug.” It’s difficult to speak “with your chest” right away, but over time it will become the norm.

10. Open the windpipe (trachea)

Open your mouth and make the sound “a” as you exhale. At the same time, try to relax your throat as much as possible. In addition, by doing this you warm up your jaws and lips - an additional beneficial effect.

A person under stress shrinks all over and sounds have difficulty making their way out through his throat. Try to strain your throat, you will immediately understand what we are talking about. Therefore, every time you need to relax your throat before a public speaking, presentation, interview, take a couple of minutes for this exercise.

Articulation gymnastics

To speak clearly and quickly, to confidently argue, you need to quickly and clearly work the muscles of your lips, jaw and tongue. The exercises below will be useful to you to develop the muscles of the speech apparatus. In addition, this simple gymnastics will solve the problem of most sounds once and for all.

Each muscle group is worked separately, but always in combination. Even if you feel like you can't do an exercise, just do it - you need to train muscles that you haven't used before. Perform each exercise 3-5 times. Also, when working one specific muscle group, relax the remaining muscles as much as possible.

Lips

"Duck." Pull your lips together as if you were saying the letter “y,” and then stretch your lips, exposing your upper and lower teeth as much as possible. You can enhance the effect by making circular movements with your “ducky” lips in different directions.

"Mask". Open your mouth wide and pull your lips inside your mouth as much as possible. This is a good massage for the lips and jaw. Finish the exercise with a big smile. “Mask” is good if you don’t have time for full articulation gymnastics.

"Jar of jam." Remember how you lick the jam from your lips with your tongue. Extend your tongue and, straining your muscles, slowly move it across your lips. Here the muscles of the tongue and lips are simultaneously activated. You can enhance the effect by running your tongue behind your lips.

"Rabbit". Without using your hands, lift your upper lip up, i.e. pull it towards your nose. Try not to wrinkle your forehead and relax your face.

Language

"Horse". Click your tongue like you did when you were a child. This is especially good for those who have trouble with "r" and "l" sounds. At correct execution you should experience a vibration between the roof of your mouth and the middle of your tongue. This exercise trains the middle part of the tongue to work.

"Artist". The exercise is especially suitable for correcting the sounds “r” and “l” in those with a short sublingual frenulum. Imagine that your tongue is a brush, with which you draw a straight line from the teeth across the entire upper palate to the movable tongue, pressing the tongue tightly against the “canvas”.

"Sword". For working out cheeks and lips from the inside. Tighten your tongue like a mini-skewer and lick the inside of your lips - slowly running your tongue along the upper and lower jaw. The tension “turns on” the tip and base of the tongue.

"Boat". Helps correct the pronunciation of the “ch” sound. Lateral muscles tongues rise and the tongue protrudes from the mouth. There is no need to pronounce the sound - this way you make the “lazy” muscles of the tongue, which have not previously participated in speaking, jump. It has been noticed that 90% of people who cannot say “ch” do not know how to make a boat.

Jaws

"Nutcracker". Open your mouth as wide as possible. Do it very slowly. Then slowly close your mouth.

"Shifts". Move your jaw forward without straining your lips. Then separately to the right and separately to the left. Aerobatics is to make a retractable circular movement of the jaw clockwise and counterclockwise. To begin with, try to make a movement along the square, gradually turning it into a small oval.

To minimize all injuries, because... your jaw is not used to stress, perform all exercises with your mouth open or slightly open.

When there is no time

If you need to work on articulation without time, in the morning before important meeting, then do the following exercises.

1. Write all the consonants of the alphabet in a row and choose any word starting with the letter “b” (or a word that is difficult to pronounce for you). For example, "barrel". Then say this word, changing the first letter: “barrel, barrel, barrel...”.

And if you want to additionally say goodbye to nasality, then close your nostrils with your fingers, inhale through your mouth, and opening your mouth as much as possible, say the same thing. This way all the air will come out exclusively through the mouth.

Go through the alphabet back and forth. You will immediately sound different and better - you will wake up your speech apparatus, and almost all sounds will sound correctly.

2. Substitute all the consonants in turn for the vowels “i”, “e”, “a”, “o”, “u”, “s”. Run through the alphabet and you'll sound much more convincing in your morning meeting.

Breathing technique

The ability to breathe correctly is the most important thing in speech technique and oratory. Breathing is practiced in parallel with the production of sounds and pumping of the muscles of the lips, tongue and jaw.

How to breathe correctly

You need to inhale only through your nose, exhale only through your mouth. It is ideal if sounds are born along with the exhalation.

As you inhale, completely relax your abdominal muscles and diaphragm. Remember how children breathe while sticking out their bellies? Do the same without tension - and a relaxed stomach will become a container for the air that is so necessary in the speaking process. In such a stomach, the muscles of the diaphragm easily bend and let in air.

As you exhale, pull in your stomach, thus arching the diaphragm in the other direction and thereby releasing the air. Otherwise, you take in air, tense up, quickly say what you need to say, and only then exhale - which is completely wrong.

Always remember: inhale on a relaxed stomach, exhale while tightening your stomach.

Working on inhalation and exhalation

Exists great amount breathing techniques, and all of them are based on working the diaphragm. And their common key moment– Having done any exercise to inhale, you must do an exercise to exhale.

Just starting to study breathing techniques, always take water with you to prevent hyperventilation. If you don’t feel completely comfortable, or feel dizzy, just drink water and breathe calmly.

Inhale. Imagine that there are three bags of coffee in front of you. You were allowed to smell them all and choose one. You need to understand what kind of coffee you like best and be completely satisfied with its aroma. Take one forced exhale, and then inhale sharply three times so that your chest tightens. The stomach is relaxed, remember! Then, tightening your stomach, exhale calmly.

Exhalation. First, prepare for the execution - to get rid of excess air on the previous inhalation, i.e. hyperventilation, you need to exhale forcefully. With sharp movements, like a pump, exhale the air along with the sound “f”, sharply drawing in your stomach with each movement.

Now you can do the exercise: take a deep breath through your nose and, as you exhale, divided into three, tightening your stomach, sharply blow out three candles on an imaginary cake. Each candle with a separate portion of air. The trick is to leave a little more air in your lungs so that you can take a gentle breath instead of gasping for air. Some people can divide one exhalation into 12 parts.

General relaxation. If you are nervous, take a deep breath, taking in small portions of air for 4 counts, and smoothly, in one movement, release the air. Then inhale deeply in one movement, then, breaking the exhalation into 4 counts, push the air out in small bursts.

1) Don’t rush to do everything quickly so as not to harm yourself.

2) Look at yourself in the mirror while doing the exercises. Monitor the correct execution until it becomes automatic. The brain always draws its own algorithms for performing a particular task, so you can do it incorrectly without knowing it.

4) Don't be afraid to articulate. Vowel sounds not only begin to sound louder, but also gain strength if you open your mouth wide.

5) Regularly pronounce patters for different sounds. Or, for example, collect your favorite tongue twisters into one multi-tongued language and learn it. Pronounce it slowly - this way you will improve your speech apparatus, learn to pronounce words clearly.

6) Don’t strive to get results in one day. The muscles need to be trained, and this will take at least 21 days.