Ivan Stepanovich KonevTO Onev Ivan Stepanovich - Soviet commander, commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front, Marshal of the Soviet Union.
Born on December 16 (28), 1897 in the village of Lodeino, Nikolsky district, Vologda province (now Podosinovsky district, Kirov region) in a peasant family. Russian. He graduated from the zemstvo school in the neighboring village of Pushma in 1912. From the age of 12 he worked as a timber rafter, a laborer at the timber exchange.
In the spring of 1916 he was drafted into the Russian Imperial Army. Member of the 1st World War. He served in the 2nd heavy artillery brigade (Moscow), then graduated from the training artillery team. In 1917, the junior fireworks of the 2nd separate artillery division, non-commissioned officer Konev, was sent to the South-Western Front, participated in the unsuccessful July offensive of the Russian army. Member of the February Revolution of 1917 in Moscow and the October Revolution of 1917 in Kiev. Demobilized in December 1917, he returned to his native village.
In February 1918, Ivan Konev was elected as a district military commissar in the city of Nikolsk, Vologda province, and was also chairman of the district committee of the RCP (b) and commander of the district revolutionary volunteer detachment. As a delegate to the Fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets, on July 5-6, 1918, he participated in the suppression of the uprising of the Left Social Revolutionaries in Moscow. Member of the RCP (b) / KPSS since 1918.
In the second half of 1918, he achieved enrollment in the Red Army. He was the commander of a marching company on the Eastern Front (Solvychegodsk, Vyatka), commander of a spare artillery battery, military commissar of armored train No. 102 in the 3rd and 5th armies on the Eastern Front. Together with the crew of the armored train, he passed the combat path from Perm to Chita, a participant in many military operations of the Red Army against the troops of Admiral A.V. Kolchak, Ataman G. Semyonov, General Dieterichs and the Japanese interventionists. Since 1921 - the military commissar of the 5th rifle brigade in the 2nd Verkhneudinsk rifle division, the military commissar of this division, the military commissar of the headquarters of the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic.
After the end of the Civil War in the Far East - from December 1922 - military commissar of the 17th Primorsky Rifle Corps. Since August 1924 - Commissioner and Head of the Political Department of the 17th Nizhny Novgorod Infantry Division. He graduated from the advanced training courses for the highest command personnel at the Military Academy of the Red Army named after M.V. Frunze in 1926. Since 1926 - the commander of the 50th Red Banner Rifle Regiment in the 17th Nizhny Novgorod Rifle Division. In January - March 1930 he was the commandant of the city of Moscow. Since March 1930 - assistant commander of the 17th Infantry Division.
Graduated from the Military Academy of the Red Army named after M.V. Frunze in 1934. Since December 1934 - commander and military commander of the 37th rifle division in the Belarusian Military District, since November 1936 - the 2nd Belarusian rifle division in this district. In July 1937, he was appointed senior adviser to the Mongolian People's Army, and when, at the beginning of 1938, Soviet troops in Mongolia were united into the 57th Special Rifle Corps, Konev was appointed its commander. Since July 1938 - Commander of the 2nd Red Banner Army, stationed in the Far East (headquarters in Khabarovsk). From June 1940 he commanded the troops of the Trans-Baikal Military District, from January 13, 1941 - the North Caucasian Military District.
Great Patriotic War, Lieutenant General I.S. Konev began as commander of the 19th Army (appointed 06/13/1941) on the Southwestern and Western Fronts. He commanded the troops of the Western Front (09/10/1941-10/10/1941), where he suffered a severe defeat at Vyazma. Zhukov saved Konev from trial and execution by assisting in the appointment of Konev as deputy commander of the Western Front (October 10-17, 1941). As the commander of the Kalinin Front (17.10.1941-26.08.1942) Konev successfully acted during the counteroffensive near Moscow. From August 26, 1942 to February 27, 1943, he was again the commander of the Western Front, participated in the infamous Operation Mars and unsuccessfully carried out the Zhizdrinsky operation, for which he was again removed from his post as front commander.
He commanded the troops of the North-Western Front (03/14/1943-22/06/1943), the Steppe Military District (06/22/1943 - 07/9/1943). In the Battle of Kursk, the troops of the Steppe Front of General Konev (commander since July 9, 1943) liberated Belgorod and Kharkov. at the first stage of the battle for the Dnieper, the front armies in September 1943 fought over 200 kilometers, liberated Poltava and crossed the Dnieper in the sections from Kremenchug to Dnipropetrovsk. Since October 20, 1943, Konev is the commander of the 2nd Ukrainian Front. At the head of his troops, he conducted the Nizhnedneprovskaya, Korsun-Shevchenkovskaya, Kirovograd, Uman-Botoshanskaya offensive operations. On March 26, 1944, the troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front were the first to reach the state border of the USSR.
From May 16, 1944 until the end of the war - Commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front. In July-August, they defeated Army Group Northern Ukraine of Field Marshal E. von Manstein in the Lvov-Sandomierz operation and seized the Sandomierz bridgehead, which became one of the springboards for an attack on Nazi Germany.
Have kaz of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 29, 1944 for the skillful leadership of the front troops in major operations in which strong enemy groupings were defeated, personal courage and heroism to the Marshal of the Soviet Union Ivan Stepanovich Konev awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.
In the fall of 1944, the front carried out the Carpathian-Duklin operation, entering the territory of Czechoslovakia. In January 1945, during the Vistula-Oder operation, as a result of a swift blow and a roundabout maneuver, front troops prevented the retreating enemy from destroying the Silesian industry, which was of great economic importance for friendly Poland. Then there were the Lower Silesian and Upper Silesian operations, the brilliant actions of the front forces in the Berlin operation and the final chord of the war in Europe - the Prague operation.
Have By the kaz of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 1, 1945, the Marshal of the Soviet Union was awarded the second Gold Star medal.
After the war, on June 10, 1945, Marshal Konev was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Central Group of Forces and High Commissioner for Austria. From July 1946 to March 1950 I.S. Konev - Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces and Deputy Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR. From March 1950 to November 1951 - Chief Inspector of the Soviet Army - Deputy Minister of War of the USSR. From November 1951 to March 1955 - the commander of the troops of the Carpathian Military District. From May 1956 to June 1960 - 1st Deputy Minister of Defense - Commander-in-Chief of the Joint Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact member states. From June 1960 to August 1961 - Inspector General of the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense. However, in connection with the outbreak of the Berlin crisis in August 1961, he was recalled from this honorable but decorative post and was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. Since April 1962 - again the Inspector General of the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense. A candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee (03/21/1939 - 10/5/1952), a member of the CPSU Central Committee (10/14/1952 - 05/21/1973). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1-8th convocations (1937-1973).
Military ranks:
division commander (11/26/1935);
Corps Commander (02.22.1938);
army commander 2nd rank (02/08/1939);
Lieutenant General (06/04/1940);
Colonel General (09/11/1941);
General of the Army (08/26/1943);
Marshal of the Soviet Union (02/20/1944).He was awarded the Order of Victory (03/30/1945 - No. 5), seven Orders of Lenin (07/29/1944, 02/21/1945, 12/27/1947, 12/18/1956, 12/27/1957, 12/27/1967, 12/27/1972), the Order of the October Revolution (02/22/1968), three Orders of the Red Banner (02/22/1938, 11/3/1944, 06/20/1949), two Orders of Suvorov 1st degree (08/27/1943, 05/17/1944), two Orders of Kutuzov 1st degree (9.04 .1943, 07/28/1943), the Order of the Red Star (08/16/1936).
Awarded with Soviet medals: "XX years of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army" (02.22.1938), "For the Defense of Moscow" (05/01/1944), "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." (1945), "For the capture of Berlin" (06/09/1945), "For the liberation of Prague" (06/09/1945), "In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow" (09/21/1947), "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy" (02.22 .1948), "40 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (02.17.1958), "Twenty years of victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." (1965), "50 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1968), "For military valor. In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1970).
He was awarded the Honorary Weapon with the golden image of the State Emblem of the USSR (02.22.1968).).
Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (04/30/1970). Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (05/07/1971). Awarded with foreign orders of Merit for the Fatherland in silver (GDR); "Grunwald Cross" 1st class (Poland); "For military valor" (Virtuti Militari) 1st class (Poland, 02/02/1945); "The Renaissance of Poland" 1st class (Poland); two Orders of Sukhe-Bator (1961, 05/07/1971, Mongolia); Order of the Battle Red Banner (Mongolia); Order of the Partisan Star, 1st degree (SFRY); Order of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, 1st degree (NRB); Order of Clement Gottwald (Czechoslovakia, 1970); star and badge of the Order of the White Lion, 1st degree (Czechoslovakia, 1969); Order of the White Lion "For Victory" 1st degree (Czechoslovakia); Military Cross of 1939 (Czechoslovakia); the Order of Hungarian Freedom (Hungary); the Order of the Hungarian People's Republic (Hungary); star and badge of the Commander of the Order of the Bath (Great Britain); Order of the Legion of Honor, 2nd class (France); Military Cross (France); Order of the Legion of Merit of the Commander's degree (USA); medal "Sino-Soviet Friendship" (PRC), medals of other states.
Bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union I.S. Konev was installed at home. In the native village of the Marshal, on October 22, 1977, a house-museum was opened. Monuments to Konev are installed in Moscow, Belgorod, Vologda, Prague (Czech Republic), Svidnik (Slovakia). A monument to Marshal Konev was erected in Krakow (Poland), but in 1991 it was dismantled, transported to Russia and installed in the city of Kirov. Memorial plaques have been opened in Nizhny Novgorod and Omsk. His name was given to the Alma-Ata Higher Combined Arms Command School, the MMF ship. Streets in Moscow, Donetsk, Slavyansk, Kharkov, Cherkassy, Kirovograd, Kiev, Belgorod, Barnaul, Vologda, Omsk, Irkutsk, Smolensk, Tver, Prague (Czech Republic), a street and a square in Kirov, a microdistrict in Stary Oskol are named after Konev.
Compositions:
Forty-fifth. 2nd ed. M., 1970
Front commander's notes, 1943-1945. 4th ed. M., 1985, etc.
16(28).12.1897–27.06.1973
Marshal of the Soviet Union
Born in the Vologda region in the village of Lodeino in a peasant family. In 1916 he was drafted into the army. At the end of the training team as a junior non-commissioned officer, art. division directed to the South-Western Front. Enlisting in the Red Army in 1918, he took part in battles against the troops of Admiral Kolchak, Ataman Semyonov, and the Japanese. Commissar of the armored train "Grozny", then brigades, divisions. In 1921 he took part in the assault on Kronstadt. Graduated from the Academy. Frunze (1934), commanded a regiment, division, corps, 2nd Separate Red Banner Far Eastern Army (1938-1940).
During the Great Patriotic War, he commanded the army, fronts (pseudonyms: Stepin, Kievsky). Participated in the battles of Smolensk and Kalinin (1941), in the battle of Moscow (1941-1942). During the Battle of Kursk, together with the troops of General N.F. Vatutin defeated the enemy at the Belgorod-Kharkov bridgehead - the German bastion in Ukraine. On August 5, 1943, Konev's troops took the city of Belgorod, in honor of which Moscow gave its first salute, and on August 24, Kharkov was taken. This was followed by the breakthrough of the "Eastern Wall" on the Dnieper.
In 1944, a "New (small) Stalingrad" was organized for the Germans near Korsun-Shevchenkovsky - 10 divisions and 1 brigade of General V. Stemmeran, who fell on the battlefield, were surrounded and destroyed. I.S.Konev was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union (02/20/1944), and on March 26, 1944, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front were the first to reach the state border. In July-August, they defeated Army Group Northern Ukraine of Field Marshal E. von Manstein in the Lvov-Sandomierz operation. The name of Marshal Konev, nicknamed "General Forward", is associated with brilliant victories at the final stage of the war - in the Vistula-Oder, Berlin and Prague operations. During the Berlin operation, his troops reached the r. Elbe near Torgau and met with the American troops of General O. Bradley (25.04.1945). On May 9, the defeat of Field Marshal Scherner near Prague was completed. The highest orders of the "White Lion" 1st class and the "Czechoslovak military cross of 1939" were awarded to the marshal for the liberation of the Czech capital. Moscow saluted 57 times to the troops of I.S.Konev.
In the post-war period, the Marshal was the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces (1946-1950; 1955-1956), the first Commander-in-Chief of the United Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact member states (1956-1960).
Marshal I. S. Konev - twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1970), Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1971). The bronze bust was installed at home in the village of Lodeino.
He wrote memoirs: "Forty-fifth" and "Notes of the front commander."
He was buried in Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall.
Marshal I.S.Konev had:
- two Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944, 06/01/1945),
- 7 Orders of Lenin,
- Order "Victory" (03/30/1945),
- Order of the October Revolution,
- 3 Orders of the Red Banner,
- 2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree,
- 2 Orders of Kutuzov, 1st degree,
- Order of the Red Star,
- a total of 17 orders and 10 medals;
- honorary personal weapon - a checker with the Golden Emblem of the USSR (1968),
- 24 foreign awards (including 13 foreign orders).
V.A. Egorshin, "Field Marshals and Marshals". M., 2000
Ivan Stepanovich Konev
Born on December 16 (December 28), 1897 in the village of Lodeino, Podosinovsky district, Kirov region, from peasants, Russian.
In 1912, he graduated from the zemstvo school, in 1926 - advanced training courses for higher command personnel at the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze, and in 1934 - a special faculty of the same academy.
In the Soviet Army since August 1918; to June 1919 - military commissar of the Nikolsk district military commissariat of the Northern Territory; commissar of an armored train (up to July 1920); brigade commander (up to April 1921), division commander (up to October 1921); chief of staff of the army (November 1922); commander of a corps (August 1924) and a rifle division (September 1925).
In the certification for 1926, it was noted that he was “a proactive, energetic and decisive commander. General and military outlook is sufficient ... ".
From July 1926 - commander-military commander of a regiment (until March 1930), assistant and acting commander of a rifle division (March 1930-March 1931), commander-military commander of a division (March 1931-December 1932 .). From December 1934 - commander of a rifle division.
The certification for 1936 emphasized that his “military training after graduation from the academy is quite satisfactory. Commanding a division, he has great achievements, especially in the 1936 maneuvers. By nature, firm and persistent. "
From September 1937 - commander of a special rifle corps (to September 1938), commander of an army (to June 1940), commander of the troops of the Transbaikal, then North Caucasian military districts (to June 1941).
During the Great Patriotic War - Commander of the 19th Army (June-October 1941), one month - Deputy Commander of the Western Front, Commander of the Kalinin Front (November 1941-August 1942), Western Front (until February 1943), the Northwestern Front (March-June 1943), the Steppe Front (June 1943-May 1944), the 1st Ukrainian Front (May 1944-May 1945).
After the war I.S. Konev - Commander-in-Chief of the Central Group of Forces in Austria (May 1945-April 1946), First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces - Deputy Minister of Defense for the Ground Forces (June 1946-March 1950), Chief Inspector of the Soviet Army - Deputy Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR (March 1950-November 1951), Commander of the Carpathian Military District (November 1951-March 1955), First Deputy Minister of Defense and Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces (until March 1956), the first Deputy Minister of Defense for General Affairs (until April 1960), Inspector General of the Group of General Inspectors of the Ministry of Defense (until August 1961), Commander-in-Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (until April 1962) and again Inspector General of the Ministry of Defense (for May 1973).
I.S. Konev - twice Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944 and 06/01/1945) He was awarded 7 Orders of Lenin (07/29/1944, 02/21/1945, 12/27/1947, 12/18/1956, 12/27 .1957, 27.12.1967, 27.12.1972), Order of the October Revolution (22.02.1968), 3 Orders of the Red Banner (22.02.1938, 03.11.1944, 20.06.1949 .), 2 Orders of Suvorov I degree (08/27/1943, 05/17/1944), 2 Orders of Kutuzov I degree (04/09/1943, 07/28/1943), the Order of the Red Star (08/16/1936. ), the Order of Victory (03/30/1945), the Honorary Weapon with the golden image of the State Emblem of the USSR (02/22/1968), as well as 10 medals of the USSR and 24 orders and medals of foreign states.
Military ranks: commander of the 2nd rank - assigned in March 1939, lieutenant general - June 4, 1940, colonel general - September 19, 1941, army general - August 26, 1943, Marshal of the Soviet Union - February 20, 1944 G.
Member of the CPSU since 1918, member of the Central Committee of the CPSU since 1952, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1-8th convocations.
Marshals of the Soviet Union: personal files tell. M., 1996
Date of Birth: |
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Place of Birth: |
Lodeino village, Vologda province, Russian Empire (now - Podosinovsky district, Kirov region) |
Date of death: |
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A place of death: |
Moscow, USSR |
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Years of service: |
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Marshal of the Soviet Union |
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Commanded: |
Command of fronts, military districts |
Battles / wars: |
World War I,
Battle of Rzhev, Battle of Kursk, Battle for the Dnieper, Lvov-Sandomierz operation, Vistula-Oder operation, Berlin operation |
Autograph: |
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Foreign awards |
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Interwar period
The Great Patriotic War
Post-war period
Military ranks
Monuments
Documentary film
(December 16 (28), 1897 - May 21, 1973) - Soviet commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1944), twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1944, 1945).
Early life and civil war
Born on December 28, 1897 in the village of Lodeino (now - Podosinovsky district of the Kirov region) in a peasant family. He graduated from the zemstvo school in the neighboring village of Pushma in 1912. From the age of 12 he worked as a timber rafter.
Member of the First World War. In the spring of 1916 he was drafted into the army. After a training artillery team, junior non-commissioned officer Konev in 1917 was sent to the Southwestern Front. Demobilized in 1918.
In the same 1918 he joined the Bolshevik Party, was elected as a district military commissar in the city of Nikolsk, Vologda province. After that, he fought in the ranks of the Red Army on the Eastern Front against the troops of A.V. Kolchak and other White Guard formations in Transbaikalia and the Far East. Was commissar of an armored train, commissar of a rifle brigade, division, headquarters of the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic. Among other delegates to the Xth Congress of the RCP (b), he took part in the suppression of the Kronstadt uprising in 1921.
Interwar period
After the end of the Civil War, he was a military commissar of the 17th Primorsky Rifle Corps. Since August 1924 - Commissioner and Head of the Political Department of the 17th Nizhny Novgorod Infantry Division. He graduated from the advanced training courses for the highest command personnel at the Frunze Military Academy in 1926, then was the commander and commissar of the 50th rifle regiment. Graduated from the Frunze Military Academy in 1934. From December 1934 he commanded the 37th rifle division, from March 1937 - the 2nd rifle division. In 1935 he was promoted to division commander. In 1938 he was appointed commander of the Special Rifle Corps in the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic, from July 1938 - commander of the 2nd Red Banner Army, stationed in the Far East. From June 1940 he commanded the troops of the Trans-Baikal Military District, from January 1941 - the North Caucasian Military District.
The Great Patriotic War
During the Great Patriotic War, Lieutenant General I.S.Konev took over as commander of the 19th Army, hastily formed from the troops of the North Caucasian Military District. The army was initially sent to the Southwestern Front, but already at the beginning of July, due to the catastrophic development of the situation in the western direction, it was transferred to the Western Front. During the battle of Smolensk, the army's troops suffered heavy losses, but escaped defeat and stubbornly defended themselves. Konev's actions as commander of the army were highly appreciated by I.V. Stalin.
In early September 1941, Konev was appointed commander of the Western Front, at the same time he was awarded the rank of colonel-general. He commanded the troops of the Western Front for just over a month (September - October 1941), during which time the front under his command suffered one of the most severe defeats in the entire war in the Vyazemskaya catastrophe. The losses of the front troops were, according to various estimates, from 400,000 to 700,000 people killed and taken prisoner. To investigate the causes of the front disaster and punish Konev, a commission of the State Defense Committee headed by V.M. Molotov and K.E. Voroshilov arrived. GK Zhukov saved Konev from trial and a possible execution by suggesting that he be left as deputy front commander, and a few days later recommended Konev to the post of commander of the Kalinin Front. Konev commanded this front from October 1941 to August 1942, took part in the battle for Moscow, conducted the Kalinin defensive operation and the Kalinin offensive operation. Since January 1942, the name of Konev is closely associated with the most difficult and unsuccessful for the Soviet troops, the Battle of Rzhev, his troops participated in the Rzhev-Vyazemskaya operation in 1942, suffered a new defeat in the Kholm-Zhirkovskaya defensive operation.
From August 1942 to February 1943, Konev again commanded the Western Front and, together with G.K. Zhukov, conducted the First Rzhev-Sychev operation and Operation Mars, in which the troops of his front, with huge losses, achieved only a slight advance of several tens of kilometers. In February 1943, the Zhizdrinsky operation was also unsuccessfully carried out, after which at the end of February Konev was removed from his post as commander of the Western Front and appointed to command the much less important North-Western Front. However, even there he failed to distinguish himself, the troops of this front suffered heavy losses and did not achieve success in the Old Russian operation.
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ORDER OF THE VGK RATE No. 0045
Headquarters of the Supreme High Command I. STALIN TsAMO. F. 148a. Op. 3763. D. 142. L. 36. Original. |
In July 1943, Konev was appointed commander of the Steppe Front, at the head of which he managed to achieve success in the Battle of Kursk, in the Belgorod-Kharkov operation and in the battle for the Dnieper. In August 1943, the troops of the Konev Steppe Front liberated Belgorod and Kharkov, in September 1943 - Poltava and Kremenchug, operating during the Poltava-Kremenchug operation. At the end of September 1943, his armies crossed the Dnieper on the move.
In October 1943, the Steppe Front was renamed the 2nd Ukrainian Front, Konev remained its commander and in October - December 1943 he carried out the Pyatikhat and Znamenskaya operation, and in January 1944 - the Kirovograd operation. Konev's tremendous success as a commander was the Korsun-Shevchenko operation, where for the first time after Stalingrad a large enemy group was surrounded and defeated. For the skillful organization and excellent leadership of the troops in this operation, on February 20, 1944, Konev was awarded the military rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union. In March - April 1944, he carried out one of the most successful offensives of the Soviet troops - the Uman-Botoshan operation, in which, in a month of fighting, his troops passed over 300 kilometers to the west over muddy roads and impassable roads, and on March 26, 1944, they were the first in the Red Army to cross the state border. entering the territory of Romania.
From May 1944 until the end of the war he commanded the 1st Ukrainian Front. In July - August 1944, under his command, front forces defeated Army Group Northern Ukraine, Colonel-General Joseph Harpe in the Lvov-Sandomierz operation, captured and in the next two-month battles held the Sandomierz bridgehead, which became one of the springboards for a strike on Nazi Germany. Also, part of the front forces took part in the East Carpathian operation.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal to Ivan Stepanovich Konev was awarded on July 29, 1944 for his skillful leadership of the front troops in major operations in which strong enemy groups were defeated, personal courage and heroism.
In January 1945, as a result of a swift strike and a roundabout maneuver in the Vistula-Oder operation, the front's troops prevented the retreating enemy from destroying the Silesian industry, which was of great economic importance for friendly Poland. In February 1945, Konev's troops carried out the Lower Silesian operation, in March - the Upper Silesian operation, having achieved significant results in both. His armies performed brilliantly in the Berlin operation and in the Prague operation.
Marshal IS Konev was awarded the second Gold Star medal on June 1, 1945 for exemplary leadership of troops in the final operations of the Great Patriotic War.
Post-war period
After the war in 1945-1946, he was commander-in-chief of the Central Group of Forces in Austria and High Commissioner for Austria. Since 1946 - Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces - Deputy Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR. Since 1950 - Chief Inspector of the Soviet Army - Deputy Minister of War of the USSR. 1951-1955 - Commander of the Carpathian Military District. In 1953 - Chairman of the Special Judicial Presence, who tried L.P. Beria and sentenced him to death.
1955-1956 - 1st Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR and Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces. In 1956-1960 - 1st Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR, since 1955 at the same time Commander-in-Chief of the Joint Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact countries (in this capacity, he led the suppression of the Hungarian rebellion in 1956). In 1960-1961 and from April 1962 in the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense. In 1961-1962, during the Berlin crisis, he was commander-in-chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.
Military ranks
- Divisional Commander - from November 26, 1935
- Corps Commander - from February 22, 1939
- 2nd rank commander - since 1939
- Lieutenant General - from June 4, 1940
- Colonel General - from 11 September 1941
- General of the Army - from 26 August 1943
- Marshal of the Soviet Union - from February 20, 1944
Awards, membership in organizations
Memory
- His name was given to the Alma-Ata Higher Combined Arms Command School, the MMF ship
- Streets in Moscow, Donetsk, Slavyansk, Kiev, Kharkov, Poltava, Cherkassy, Kirovograd, Belgorod, Barnaul, Vologda, Omsk, Irkutsk, Prague, Smolensk, Tver, Baltsy are named after Konev; street and adjacent square in Kirov; microdistrict in Stary Oskol
Monuments
- Memorial complex "Height of Konev" in the Kharkiv region. From there, an order was given to begin the assault on Kharkov for the final liberation of the city from the Nazi invaders.
- A bronze bust was installed at home.
- The granite monument was erected in Kirov on the square of the same name next to the adjacent street of the same name (moved in 1991 from Krakow, where it stood earlier).
- A bronze bust was installed in Belgorod on the street named after him.
- Monument in Prague, erected in 1970 on the square of the Interbrigade. Sculptor Z. Kribus.
- Memorial plaque on the house number 30 on Bolshaya Pokrovskaya Street in Nizhny Novgorod, where the headquarters of the 17th Nizhny Novgorod Infantry Division, which Konev commanded in 1922-1932, was located. Description of the monument- against the background of a five-pointed star - a bronze bust of I. S. Marshal Konev is depicted in full dress, on the chest - two Gold Star medals. Below in bronze letters is the text: "This building was the headquarters of the 17th Infantry Division, which was commanded from 1922 to 1932 by the famous commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union Ivan Stepanovich Konev." The opening of the memorial plaque took place in 1985.
- Memorial plaque in the city of Omsk at the house number 12-1 on Konev street. Description of the monument- the bust of Konev I. S. Marshal is depicted in full dress, on the chest medals and orders. Installed in 2005 at the initiative of a resident of the house, Evgeny Alekseevich Nazarenko.
- The monument was erected in the city of Vologda, in a public garden at the intersection of Mozhaisky and Koneva streets, on May 7, 2010. Sculptor O. A. Uvarov.
Family
The first wife is Anna Voloshina, she has two children: daughter Maya and son Helium. The second is the orderly Antonina Vasilievna, from her is the daughter Natalya.
Documentary film
- "Madonna Marshal Konev" - Channel One, 2009
- The Story of Marshal Konev. Documentary. TsSDF (RTSSDF). 1988.99 minutes.
- Generals. TsSDF (RTSSDF). 1988.59 minutes.
Ivan Stepanovich Konev
16(28).12.1897–27.06.1973
Marshal of the Soviet Union
Born in the Vologda region in the village of Lodeino into a peasant family. In 1916 he was drafted into the army. After graduating from the training team, he served as a junior non-commissioned officer art. division, was sent to the Southwestern Front. He joined the ranks of the Red Army in 1918, took part in battles against the troops of Admiral Kolchak, Ataman Semyonov, and the Japanese. Was the commissar of the armored train "Grozny", after which the brigades and divisions. In 1921 he took part in the assault on Kronstadt. In 1934 he graduated from the Academy. Frunze, commanded a regiment, division, corps, and the 2nd Independent Far Eastern Red Banner Army (1938-1940).
During the Great Patriotic War, under the pseudonyms Stepin and Kievsky, he commanded the fronts and the army. He took part in 1941 in the battles of Smolensk and Kalinin, in the defense of Moscow in 1941-1942. During the Kursk operation, together with the army of General N.F. Vatutin at the Belgorod-Kharkov bridgehead destroyed the enemy. On August 5, 1943, troops led by Konev liberated the city of Belgorod, and in this honor Moscow gave its first salutes in honor of the victories. On August 24, Kharkov was taken by Konev's troops. After that, the breakthrough of the "Eastern Wall" on the Dnieper took place.
In 1944, near Korsun-Shevchenkovsky, the enemy staged something like "New Stalingrad" - they managed to encircle and destroy 10 divisions, as well as 1 brigade of General V. Stemmeran, who was also killed on the battlefield.
02/20/1944, Konev was promoted to Marshal of the Soviet Union, on March 26, 1944, the army of the 1st Ukrainian Front, displacing the enemy, was the first to reach the state border.
In July-August, under the command of Konev, it was possible to destroy the Army Group "Northern Ukraine" under the leadership of Field Marshal E. von Manstein during the Lvov-Sandomierz operation. The name of Marshal Konev is directly related to the outstanding victories of the Red Army in the last stages of the war in the Vistula-Oder, Berlin and Prague operations. During the Berlin operation, Konev's troops reached the r. Elbe at Torgau and met with the American military of General O. Bradley. On May 9, 1945, the defeat of Field Marshal Scherner near Prague was completed. The highest orders of the "White Lion" 1st class and the "Czechoslovak military cross of 1939" were given to Konev as awards for the liberation of Prague. Moscow saluted 57 times in honor of his outstanding victories. At the end of World War II, Konev was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces and the first Commander-in-Chief of the United Armed Forces of the Warsaw Pact member states (1956-1960).
Marshal I. S. Konev was twice awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, he is a hero of Czechoslovakia and the Mongolian People's Republic. His bronze bust was installed in his homeland in the village of Lodeino.
- two Gold Stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union (07/29/1944, 06/01/1945),
- 7 Orders of Lenin,
- Order "Victory" (03/30/1945),
- Order of the October Revolution,
- 3 Orders of the Red Banner,
- 2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree,
- 2 Orders of Kutuzov, 1st degree,
- Order of the Red Star,
- a total of 17 orders and 10 medals;
- honorary personal weapon - a checker with the Golden Emblem of the USSR (1968),
- 24 foreign awards (including 13 foreign orders).
V.A. Egorshin, "Field Marshals and Marshals". M., 2000
Ivan Stepanovich Konev
Born on December 16 (December 28), 1897 in the village of Lodeino, Podosinovskiy district, Kirov region, in a peasant family, Russian by nationality. In 1912 he graduated from the zemstvo school, in 1926 he took courses to improve the higher command staff at the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze, and in 1934 he graduated from the special faculty of the same academy.In the Soviet Army he served from August 1918 to June 1919 as a military commissar of the Nikolsk district military commissariat of the Northern Territory, was a commissar of an armored train, then a brigade commander and a division commander, in November 1922 he became chief of the army headquarters, after which from August 1924 of the year he took the position of corps commander, and from September 1925 he headed a rifle division. In the course of certification in 1926, it was indicated that Konev showed initiative, energetic, and decisive commander. The military, as well as the general outlook, is not very bad.
From July 1926 to March 1930 he held the post of commander of the military commissar of the regiment, after which, in the period from March 1930 to March 1931, he was assistant and acting commander of a rifle division, then from March 1931 to December 1932. was the commander-military commander of the division. And in December 1934 he served as commander of a rifle division.
In the certification carried out in 1936, it was especially noted that after graduating from the academy, Konev had a very satisfactory military training, occupying the post of division commander, and has good skills, as evidenced by the 1936 maneuvers. The character is firm and persistent. From September 1937 to September 1938, Konev served as commander of a special rifle corps, then to June 1940 he commanded an army, after which he headed the troops of the Transbaikal, then North Caucasian military districts.
During the Great Patriotic War, from June to October 1941, he was the commander of the 19th Army, for one month he served as the deputy commander of the Western Front. From November 1941 to August 1942 he commanded the troops of the Kalinin Front. In February 1943 he led the Western Front, from March to June 1943 the North-Western Front, from June 1943 to May 1944 was the commander of the Steppe Front, as well as the 1st Ukrainian Front from May 1944 to May 1945 At the end of the war from May 1945 to April 1946 I.S. Konev served as Commander-in-Chief of the Central Group of Forces in Austria, then from June 1946 to March 1950 he was First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces - Deputy Minister of Defense for the Ground Forces, after which from March 1950 to November 1951 Konev occupied post of Chief Inspector of the Soviet Army - Deputy Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR, from November 1951 to March 1955 Commander of the Carpathian Military District to March 1956 First Deputy Minister of Defense and Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces from April 1960 First Deputy Minister of Defense for General Issues, until April 1962, Konev was in the position of Commander-in-Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, after which, from May 1973, he again became Inspector General of the Ministry of Defense.
Military ranks: commander of the 2nd rank - assigned in March 1939, lieutenant general - June 4, 1940, colonel general - September 19, 1941, army general - August 26, 1943, Marshal of the Soviet Union - February 20, 1944 G.
He was a member of the CPSU since 1918, a member of the CPSU Central Committee since 1952, a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1-8th convocations. Died I.S. Konev May 21, 1973. He was buried in Moscow on Red Square near the Kremlin wall.
Tomorrow, November 24, exactly 60 years have passed since the solemn opening of a monument in the village of Lodeino - a bronze bust of our great countryman, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal.
The bust was installed by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 1, 1945 on awarding the commander with the second Golden Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the construction of a bronze bust depicting the recipient and installing it on a pedestal in the recipient's homeland.
This is how this historical event is described in the regional newspaper Znamya Kolkhoz No. 62 dated December 29, 1950:
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“December 24 in the village. Lodeino of the Shchetkinsky village council in a solemn atmosphere, the opening of a bust of our glorious compatriot, twice hero of the Soviet Union I.S. Konev.
At least 700 people attended the celebration, incl. representatives of Kirov and adjacent areas: Lalsky, Oparinsky, Murashinsky.
The meeting was opened before. Executive Committee of the District Council of Comrade Filev (Arkady Alexandrovich - author's note).
The first word on behalf of the regional committee of the RCP (b) and the regional executive committee was taken by the deputy. Prev executive committee comrade. Mazin, who, after a short speech characterizing the general political significance of the celebration, cut the cord of the drapery covering the bust.
The eyes of those present were presented with a majestic sculptural portrait of the glorious commander, installed on a granite pedestal (sculptor E.V. Vuchetich).
Following this, the secretaries made speeches. District Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks Ya.F. Chebykin (in 1943 I.S.Konev personally presented Ya.F. Chebykin with a medal "For Military Merit" on the North-Western Front, recognized him as a fellow countryman and talked to him), Secretary of the Komsomol District Committee A.N. Kuznetsovsky, a representative of the pioneers of the region Natasha Kossova, and others.
In conclusion, the head. MTF collective farm "Druzhba" F.V. Sinitsyn, who personally knows Marshal, and shared interesting touches from his biography.
At the rally, a telegram of twice Hero of the Soviet Union I.S. Konev and sent him a telegram of greetings on behalf of all those present ... ".
The bust of the great commander on the territory of the Memorial House-Museum of I.S. Konev ”, but this did not become less majestic and significant. A beautiful park of apple and larch trees planted in the seventies has grown around the monument, a paved area and a cast-iron fence around it have appeared.
Without a doubt, a monument of federal significance - a bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal I.S. Konevu is one of the main attractions of our region, which we have the right to be proud of and are proud of. I must say that only I.S. Konev's bust and his home, turned into a memorial museum, have been preserved in his homeland and have not been transferred anywhere.
Over the past 30 years alone, the Memorial House-Museum of I.S. Konev ”was visited by over 100 thousand people. And at present, the memory of our great compatriot attracts people to his homeland in the village of Lodeino. Regular visitors to the museum are students of the district's schools, members of military-patriotic clubs. Buses arrive with visitors from the Luzsky district, from V-Ustyug, from Nikolsk and Kichmengsky Gorodok. Many residents of the area bring their guests to see the monument and visit the memorial museum. And everyone, without exception, takes with them only positive and enthusiastic impressions of touching their native history and the memory of the great commander.
N.V. Shutikhin director of the House of the I.S.Konev Museum
Biography of Marshal I. Konev. National memorial complex "Height of Marshal I. S. Marshals of the Great Patriotic War. Awards of Marshal I. Konev
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