Feast of Sacrifice (Eid al-Adha) (arab. عيد الأضحى , English. Eid ul-Adha, Kaz. Kurban ait tat. Korban Bayreme, Azeri. Qurban Bayramı) is an Islamic holiday of the end of the Hajj, celebrated on the 10th day of the twelfth month of the Islamic lunar calendar (zul-hij) in memory of the sacrifice of the prophet Abraham and 70 days after the Ramadan holiday.
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Rite of Sacrifice
The victim must be at least a year old, healthy and free of any blemishes. It is believed that a sheep or a goat can only be sacrificed from one person, and a cow, bull or camel - from seven people. Usually they cut a ram, a goat, a cow or a bull - two years old, a sacrificial camel, as a rule, is at least five years old. The custom allows for sacrifice not only for the living, but also for the dead.
Often the skins of sacrificed animals are given to the Mosque. The meat is boiled and eaten at a common meal, which can be attended by any Muslim, and an imam is usually at the head of the table. On the Feast of Sacrifice, one should definitely try a variety of delicious meat dishes that are prepared in different countries, in accordance with local tastes, using various spices and flavorings; great attention is paid to the festive decoration of the table, as well as the preparation of numerous sweets. They try to make gifts to close friends and relatives on the days of the holiday. In the days following the feast, they usually pay visits to relatives and close friends, since a visit on the days of the Feast of the Sacrifice is considered blessed and desirable.
Sacrifice on the day of Eid al-Adha (Eid al-Adha) is a rite of Islam, for which there is a lot of evidence. Almighty Allah says in the Qur'an: "..pray to your Lord and offer sacrifice." Abu Hurairah narrated that the Prophet (meib) sacrificed two rams which were large, fat and horned. When the Prophet pawned one of them, he said: “In the name of Allah, and Allah is great. O Allah, accept this from Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." And when he pawned the second, he said: “In the name of Allah, and Allah is great. O Allah, accept this from Muhammad, his Ummah, those who testified to Your unity, and testified to my fulfillment of the mission. The Prophet Muhammad (meib) called on Muslims to sacrifice. Aisha narrated the words of the Prophet: “The most beloved deed of a person for Allah on the day of sacrifice is the offering of a sacrifice. On the Day of Judgment, the sacrificial animal will be in the cup of good deeds with its horns, wool and hooves. The blood shed on this day reaches its place before Allah before it reaches the ground. So purify your souls with it.”
The Feast of Sacrifice is celebrated on the 10th day of the 12th month of the Muslim lunar calendar Dhul Hijjah, during the pilgrimage to Mecca.
The most common sacrifice is a sheep
Celebrate the day of sacrifice, even if it does not happen in Mecca, start early in the morning. A little before light, Muslims go to the mosque for morning prayers, but before that it is advisable to perform a full ablution, put on new and neat clothes, and, if possible, anoint yourself with incense. It is not recommended to eat before prayer. At the end of the morning prayer, believers return home. Then they again go to the mosque or to a specially designated area (namazgah), where the Mulla or imam-khatib delivers a sermon (khutba). Khutba usually begins with the glorification of Allah and his prophet, then the origin of the Hajj and the meaning of the rite of sacrifice are explained.
After prayer, Muslims who have the opportunity to make a sacrifice do so. Over the victim, any ordinary Muslim can pronounce a short formula: "Bismillah, Allah Akbar", that is, "In the name of Allah, Allah is great!" Before a ram is slaughtered, it is obligatory to throw it on the ground with its head towards Mecca.
Rite of Sacrifice
You can sacrifice a ram that has reached the seventh month (according to Shafi'i - a full year), a bull or a cow that has reached the full two years, a camel that has reached the full five years. It is desirable that the sacrificial animal be fat, large and beautiful. It should not have flaws that adversely affect the quantity and quality of meat. Therefore, lame, blind or sick animals should not be sacrificed. As well as animals with more than half of the horn broken, or more than half of the ear cut off. Al-Barra narrated that the Prophet (meib) said: "Four animals are not suitable for sacrifice - an animal with pronounced blindness, a sick one, with a pronounced lameness and thin."
It is advisable to use a third of the meat to treat your family, give a third to the poor among neighbors and relatives, and give a third as alms to those who ask for it. As the Almighty said about this: "... then eat their meat and feed those who are content with little, and those who ask from poverty."
Ibn Abbas also spoke about the sacrifice of the Prophet (meib): “He left a third for the family, a third to treat poor neighbors, and distributed a third to those who asked.” Ibn Umar said: "Sacrifices and gifts are a third for you, a third for the family, a third for the poor."
You can not pay off the butcher, who cut the sacrificial animal, with meat. But you can give him part of the meat if he is poor, or donate, but not as payment. Ali said: “The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, ordered me to follow the sacrifice, divide its meat and skin, and not give the butcher anything from the sacrificial animal. He said, “We will pay him back.”
All praise and gratitude to Allah, peace and blessings be upon His Messenger, his family, and those who follow his path until the Day of Judgment.
Eid al-Fitr takes place at the end of the month of Ramadan, on the first day of the 10th month of the Islamic lunar calendar. It is one of the two main holidays of Islam and is celebrated by all Muslims all over the world. After several days and nights of devotion, worship, days of fasting, nightly prayers, the advent of Eid al-Fitr gives us a reason to be overwhelmed with joy and happiness. Spiritually recharged during the blessed month of Ramadan, Muslims gain the resilience to face the challenges of life with hearts full of faith and souls filled with determination and strength. It is a day that sums up the unique Islamic perspective on life: a life that centers around Allah Almighty and puts your pleasures in control. This is a day of gratitude and thanksgiving, spiritual exchange and unity, joy and happiness. We want to offer you information about the significance of this holiday for every Muslim, as well as what etiquette and rules are inherent in this special day.
Eid al-Fitr (Eid al-Fitr). The meaning of the holiday (video)
Meaning of Eid al-Fitr
Eid al-Fitr is a day of good and blessing for all fasting Muslims, as they are promised a great reward from Allah Almighty for all those who fasted correctly. At the end of Ramadan, Muslims express their gratitude to Allah, who allowed them to fast, and at the same time, provided them with abundance during this blessed month. Eid al-Fitr is therefore a day of joy, acts of worship, thanksgiving to Allah, cooperation, solidarity, brotherhood, unity and spirituality. During the month of Ramadan, Allah gives us a test. At the end of the month comes a great sense of satisfaction, approaching the Almighty. This is the joy of spiritual realization. This is a time to celebrate, not a time to indulge in insults, take advantage of others, or be distracted from the accomplishments of the month of Ramadan. This is a day of true happiness and joy.
When Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) entered the house of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) on the day of Eid, he found two young girls playing music and singing. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked them:
"Why are you doing this in the house of the Prophet?" But the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) told Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to leave them, as Eid al-Fitr is a day of fun and joy.
It is important for us that our youth and our neighbors understand that our religion is not burdensome, boring and not only in the area of prohibitions. We must show that Islam is a path of moderation, tolerance and beauty, and of sharing joy at the appropriate times.
The celebration of Eid al-Fitr begins early in the morning with collective worship. This action takes place, as a rule, in a large open area in which. After the prayer, the prayer leader (imam) reads a short sermon and people begin to greet each other. The rest of the ceremony is usually held privately with family and friends.
The meaning of Eid al-Fitr is that it is a day of thanksgiving to Allah for giving Muslims the opportunity to enjoy and enjoy the blessings of the month of Ramadan.
Rules of Eid al-Fitr
- Fasting on the day of Eid al-Fitr is haram (forbidden). This follows from the hadith of Abu Saeed al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), in which he stated: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade fasting on the following two days: on the day of Conversation and on the day of Sacrifice” ( Muslim)
- Holiday prayer. Some of the scholars of the Hanafi madhhab state that the holiday prayer is wajib (obligatory). Some scholars of the Hanbali madhhab say that the holiday prayer is fard Kifaya (sufficient for some Muslims to perform, while others are exempted from liability for failure to comply with the prescription). The third group (Malikit and Shafi'i madhhab) says that the Eid prayer is the Sunnah of Muakkada (the Sunnah that the prophet constantly performed).
- The absence of additional prayers before or after the Eid prayer. Ibn Abbas reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) began the day of Eid with a prayer of two rak'ahs, with no additional prayers before or after. This is the case if the prayer is performed in an open place. However, if people perform the Eid prayer in the mosque, then they must perform two more rak'ahs of the Tahiyat Al-Masjid prayer (the prayer of greeting the mosque).
- Attendance of festive prayer by women. In accordance with the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), everyone is strongly encouraged to take part in the Eid prayer and cooperate with each other in piety and fear of God. During menstruation, a woman should not give up the remembrance of Allah or leave the places of seeking knowledge and remembrance of Allah. However, one should move away from the place of prayer during this period. Of course, women should not go out without a hijab.
Eid al-Fitr Etiquette
1. Ghusl (great ablution). One of the good manners for a Muslim on Eid al-Fitr is to take a bath before going to prayer. Said ibn Jubayr was reported to have said: "Three things are sunnah on Eid al-Fitr: to attend the Eid prayer, take a bath, eat before going outside."
2. Breakfast before going to prayer. Do not go out for holiday prayer before eating. According to the hadith of Al-Bukhari, who was narrated by Anas ibn Malik, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) did not go out in the morning to celebrate Eid al-Fitr until he had eaten a few dates of an odd number.” On the other hand, on Eid al-Adha, it is recommended) not to eat until the prayer is over. After that, the meat of the sacrificial animal should be eaten.
3. Takbir on the day of Eid al-Fitr. This is one of the great sunnahs of the Eid. Al-Darakutni and others reported that when Ibn Umar went out for Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, he constantly recited the takbir until he reached the place of prayer and he continued to recite it until the imam came.
4. Congratulations to each other. People can exchange holiday greetings in any form. For example, they might say to each other, “Takaballahu minnaa wa minkum!” (may Allah accept from us and from you our good deeds). Jubair ibn Nufair said: “During the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), when people met each other on the day of Eid, they said:“ Takaballahu minnaa wa minkum! (Ibn Hajar)
5. Wearing the best clothes. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) wore a jubba (cloak), which he wore on Eid al-Fitr and on Fridays." Al-Bayhaqi reported that Ibn Umar wore his best clothes on Eid, so men should wear their best clothes when they go out on Eid.
6. Changing the itinerary upon returning from the holiday prayer. Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used different routes on the day of Eid in order to get to the Eid prayer and return from it. (Al-Bukhari)
Ramadan has come to an end. There are tears in our eyes and our hearts are full of sadness because of the end of Ramadan - the month of the Koran, the month of mercy, the month of unity, the month of forgiveness, the month of freedom from fire. However, we should continue to do good deeds after Ramadan as the Lord of Ramadan is the Lord of the whole year.
Eid al-Adha is the festival of sacrifice, the most significant in Islam. It falls on the tenth day of the lunar month of Dhul-Hijjah, the month of the Hajj, the annual world council of Muslims.
Eid al-Adha is the festival of sacrifice, the most significant in Islam. It falls on the tenth day of the lunar month of Dhul-Hijjah, the month of the Hajj, the annual world council of Muslims. The three days following Eid al-Adha (that is, the 11th, 12th and 13th) are called the days of "tashriq".
An illustrative example of the true beauty of Islam is the holding of Islamic holidays and other rituals, which are distinguished by publicity and mass character, in a beautiful and enchanting form, when an atmosphere of spiritual triumph is created. It is also a kind of call to Islam. And on how the model of Islamic celebrations will be presented, the success of the Islamic call in society depends in a certain sense.
The day of Arafah is the ninth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. Fasting on this day is a desirable act (sunnah). The day of Arafah is the most precious of days. For doing good deeds on this day, the reward increases many times over. Indeed, none but Allah knows its true value. As well as the magnitude of sins on this day increases several times.
Eid al-Adha has its roots in the deep past, at the time of the prophecy of Ibrahim (peace be upon him).
Ibrahim (peace be upon him) is one of the great messengers of Allah. He was famous for his generosity and generosity. Every year the prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sacrificed a large number of livestock and distributed meat to the poor and needy. People and angels marveled at his generosity. Once Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said: “All that I have sacrificed is nothing. I swear by Allah, if I had a son, I would not spare him for the sake of the Almighty. The willingness to sacrifice the most precious thing he can have for the sake of his Lord shows how strong his love for Allah is.
After some time, Ibrahim (peace be upon him) forgot about his words. Having moved to Palestine, he began to ask Allah for a son. But only in old age did the prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) have a child, whom he named Isma‘il. Naturally, a child born after so many years of waiting has a special place in the heart of a parent.
When the son became an adult, on the eighth day of the month of Zul-Hijja, the prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) heard a voice in a dream that said ...
Camels, large and small cattle are sacrificed from domestic animals for kurban. That is, according to four madhhabs, from domestic animals, only these animals are allowed to be sacrificed. A camel or cattle can be sacrificed for seven people, but small cattle can only be slaughtered for one person.
Sacrifice (kurban) is a rite provided for by Sharia, which is performed by a Muslim at a certain time, intending thereby to approach Allah Almighty and achieve His contentment. At the same time, camels, large or small cattle are slaughtered.
Rite of Sacrifice is a Shari'ah order that originates from the Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him). Allah Almighty laid a sacrifice (kurban) on the Ummah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in the second year of the Hijra. (See Ibn Rajab, Lataifu al-maarif, p. 463; Hashyat al-jamal, vol. 8, p. 203).
Allah Almighty established the rite of sacrifice as a prescription of Sharia so that people would not forget the story of these two great prophets. This is a test for us too. Allah Almighty addresses us: “You have seen what a great deed my beloved prophets have done for Me. I do not require the same from you. I command you that of those domestic animals that I have given you, for My sake and out of love for Me, following My command, sacrifice at least one animal.
Don't miss the Eid Prayer!
If a person cannot perform prayer in the above way, he makes an intention for the Eid prayer and does the usual desirable prayer in two rak'ahs. Read more…
Muslim sacrifice (kurban)
Sacrifice these days is a highly rewarded act. In a hadith narrated from Ali-ashab (may Allah be pleased with him), it says: “Whoever leaves the house for an animal for kurban, 10 good deeds are written for each step and 10 sins are erased, his conversation during the sale and purchase will be recorded as tasbih (remembrance of Allah), for every dirham given for an animal, 700 good deeds are recorded. When he knocks the animal to the ground to cut it, all creatures, from this place to the seventh heaven, will ask for forgiveness of his sins, from every drop of the blood of the animal angels will be created, who will also ask for forgiveness of his sins until the Day of Judgment.
Pious Muslims try to cut the kurban every year. Therefore, we should find an opportunity for this. " The best of my Ummah cut Kurban, the worst do not cut ", - said in the hadith.
It is best to distribute all the raw meat to those in need, leaving a small piece at home for barakat. But you can give away a third or at least some part. The minimum requirement for Qurbani Sunnah is to give a piece of raw meat to a Muslim who is due zakat. In the case when the kurban was performed as nazru, i.e. kurban was obligatory, it is necessary to distribute all the meat.
Where is the sacrificial ceremony?
Please note: the mass slaughter of livestock on Eid al-Adha this year will not take place within the city of Makhachkala. Those who wish to perform the rite of sacrifice (Kurban) can do this;
- in the area of the shopping center "Kirgu";
- in the area of the Hippodrome (along the route Makhachkala - Kaspiysk).
Here are all the conditions for the full performance of the ceremony:
1. spacious compartments for livestock;
2. availability of specialists for slaughtering and butchering animals;
3. teaching the correct intention and reading of the takbir;
4. points of acceptance of sacrificial meat;
5. consultation of the theologian on all issues of sacrifice;
May the Almighty accept all our donations and good deeds!
This holiday and the sacrifice performed during it, as well as the obligatory zakat tax, and festive prayers, became part of the religious practice of Muslims in the 2nd year of the Hijri.
Ayats from the Koran about Eid al-Adha:
“Allah (God, Lord) made the Kaaba, the Sacred House, a support for people [support in acquiring earthly and eternal blessings]. And also the holy months [Zul-qa'da, Zul-hija, al-Muharram and Rajab], and the sacrificial animal [whose meat is distributed to the poor and the needy during the pilgrimage], and decorations [with which people marked these animals to distinguish them from ordinary] . [The Lord has put good in all of this.] This is so that you understand that God knows all that is in heaven and all that is on earth. He is knowledgeable about every thing "();
“We made [says the Lord of the Worlds] a sacrificial animal (camel and she-camel) [as well as a bull and a cow, each of which is slaughtered from seven people, unlike rams and sheep, which are from only one] by a rite, in it is good for you [worldly and eternal]. Mention the name of God over it [when slaughtering]. [If you perform this process on camels] leave them standing on their feet [preferably on three legs]. And when [after the release of the main part of the blood] they fall [when it is obvious that the animal has given up its soul, you can start butchering the carcass], and eat the meat you received yourself, and feed the poor who will not ask [being satisfied with the little they have], as well as the one who asks . Understand, We subdued them [livestock, and all animals] to serve you [for example, the same camels, despite their strength and power, are humble during the process that is fatal to them], be grateful [for this to the Creator who laid down certain laws and patterns in nature] "();
“Pray to your Lord [performing a festive prayer] and sacrifice [an animal]” ().
Some hadiths about Eid al-Adha:
“The best deed before the Almighty during the days of the Feast of Sacrifice is the bleeding of a sacrificial animal. Indeed, this animal will come with its horns, hooves and wool on the Day of Judgment [a living witness to the perfect rite]. And his blood will be exalted before the Lord even before its drops have time to fall on the ground. May your souls be at peace";
“The Messenger of the Lord sacrificed two horned rams. His feet rested on their side. Saying "Bismil-Lehi, Allahu Akbar," he sacrificed them with his own hand.
Exaltation of the Almighty during the holidays
During the holiday of Eid al-Adha, it is desirable (sunnah) to exalt and praise the Almighty for all four holidays after each obligatory prayer, especially if believers perform the next obligatory prayer together.
“Remember Allah (God, Lord) on certain (established) days [on the days of the Eid al-Adha holiday: 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the month of Zul Hijah. Pay special attention to this act (praising the Creator after obligatory prayers, and not only)] ”(see).
The first prayer, after which takbirs are pronounced, is the morning prayer (Fajr) on the ninth day of the month of Zul-Hijjah, that is, and so on until the twenty-third prayer, that is, the afternoon (‘Asr) prayer of the fourth holiday day. The exaltation of the Lord before the holiday prayer (on the way to the mosque or while waiting for prayer already in the mosque) is desirable both on Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Adha. The most common is the following form of praise:
Transliteration:
“Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Laya Ilyakhe Illal-Lah, Wal-Lahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Wal Lil-Lakhil-Khamd.”
اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ .و اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ.
Translation:
“Allah (God, Lord) is above all, Allah is above all; there is no god but Him. Allah is above all, Allah is above all, and only to Him is true praise.
Answers to questions about Eid al-Adha
How is this holiday celebrated?
This day is usually a holiday. People try to invite guests and visit relatives and relatives.
By the way, the word "kurban" in the Muslim tradition (as well as in the Jewish one) refers to everything that brings a person closer to God. On this holiday, it is a ritual slaughter of an animal, implying a spiritual appeal to the Creator.
What is this tradition about?
It is directly related to the event that happened to the prophet Abraham. By Divine Revelation, he was ordered to sacrifice his son Ismail (Ishmael), who was born to Abraham at a ripe old age (at 86 years old) and was a miracle by earthly standards: children are usually not born to such elderly parents. Despite all the love for the child, his holiness and the long-awaited support in old age on his part, Abraham, having discussed God's command with his son, who dutifully agreed with him, came to the appointed place. When everything was ready, a voice was heard: “Truly, this is an obvious test! [You successfully overcame it]" . The sacrifice was replaced by a son with a sacrificial animal, and Abraham was given the safe birth of a second son, Ishak (Isaac).
What is the humanistic meaning?
By this, the Almighty showed that in order to become closer to God, a human sacrifice is not required. And the animal world is in the obedient service of people, which implies its use for its intended purpose, and guardianship, and environmental protection.
What rituals are required?
From one family (from one family budget) to slaughter one lamb. Time: immediately after the holiday prayer and before sunset on the third day (according to Shafi'i theologians - the fourth day). The first day is the best.
How many days does this holiday last?
Four days.
What is the duty of the believer on this holiday?
It is to find in one’s essence (spacious, sometimes dark and impenetrable) a treasure called “piety”, which means avoiding the obviously forbidden (alcohol, adultery; lies, slander) and fulfilling the obligatory to the best of one’s strength and ability (constancy in good , helping the weak; prayer, fasting, zakat). This treasure, if we find it in ourselves, will seriously enrich us, help us live harmoniously and happily, especially in times of upheaval and adversity.
The Quran says:
“[Understand!] Neither the meat of the sacrificial animal nor its blood will ever reach Allah (God), but the piety that comes from you reaches Him [and therefore the state of the soul, attitude, and not the meat that you yourself come and go.] In a similar way [as you see it with your own eyes] it [the animal intended for slaughter] is subordinate to you [calmly and humbly before what is happening, and as usual it is a source of meat, skin for you]. And this [among other things] so that you [at times stopping in your endless worries or becoming active during periods of indifference, laziness and doing nothing, take a look around, breathe deeply] and glorify the Creator for the right path along which He provided you with the opportunity go.
[In this fleeting stream of life, steadily bringing you closer to death] please noble[who is such in his deeds and deeds. Good news to them about the happiness of the worldly and heavenly abode in eternity] ”().
The day before the holiday is also remarkable. What is the best thing to do on this day?
The pre-holiday day is the day of standing on Mount Arafat. For everyone except pilgrims, it is useful to fast, because the reward for fasting on this day is so great that it neutralizes the minor sins of two years.
What time is the holiday prayer?
It takes place approximately 40 minutes after sunrise.
What is the level of obligation to sacrifice an animal?
Most of the authoritative Muslim scholars, including Hanafi theologians (Abu Yusuf and Muhammad) and Shafi'i theologians, said that sacrificing an animal during the Feast of Sacrifice is desirable (sunnah muakkyada). Abu Hanifa, Zufar and al-Hasan from among the scholars of the Hanafi madhhab stated that this is obligatory (wajib).
Under the availability of the necessary material means, Hanafi theologians mean the material condition of a person who is subject to the requirement to pay zakat. Shafi'i theologians believe that whoever has funds for himself and his family for four holidays, and in addition to this he has the amount for which he can purchase a sacrificial animal, he acquires it and sacrifices it.
What should be the intention?
The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), when he sacrificed a ram with the name of the Creator on his lips, praising Him, with the intention of drawing closer (kurba) to God, said: “O Allah! This is from Muhammad and his family."
Is it necessary to make a sacrifice yourself? Is it possible to ask someone else about this?
It is advisable (sunnah) to do it yourself: pronounce the intention, say "bismil-lah, Allahu Akbar" and cut the main arteries. With a complete lack of skill and fear, a believer can ask another about this, but on the condition that he himself be present during the sacrifice. The Prophet Muhammad, when he sacrificed a ram on behalf of his daughter Fatima, asked her to be present during the ceremony: “Wait and look at your sacrificial animal. Verily, all your sins will be forgiven you with the fall of the first drop of his blood.” In the case when there is no possibility to be present, the person pronounces the intention, transfers the cost of the sacrificial animal and asks that it be sacrificed on his behalf.
If the sacrificer is a woman, then it is desirable (sunnah) for her to ask one of the men to sacrifice an animal on her behalf.
What should be the sacrificial animal?
The opinion of theologians is unanimous that camels, buffaloes, bulls or cows, as well as rams, sheep and goats can be sacrificial animals. Age: camels - five years and more; buffaloes, bulls and cows - two years or more; rams, ewes and goats a year old or older.
Flaws, the presence of which makes it unacceptable to sacrifice an animal: blindness in one eye or both; excessive thinness; lameness, in which the animal cannot independently reach the place of sacrifice; the absence of most of the eye, ear or tail; lack of teeth.
Flaws, the presence of which is permissible: horns absent from birth or partially broken; castration.
We know that one cow can be sacrificed by seven people or families. Is it possible to consider the deceased as one of these seven? If so, will he benefit from it?
Hanafi theologians speak of the admissibility of such a thing. If the sacrifice is made by the children of the deceased, the probability of benefit for him is maximum. If this is done by friends or relatives of the deceased, who consider him the seventh, then it is also possible that rewards will be credited in his favor in eternity. Shafi'i theologians consider it impossible to perform a sacrifice on behalf of the deceased, except when he asked for it in his will.
In response to a question regarding the possibility of distribution cost a sacrificial animal as alms without direct sacrifice, one of the modern theologians notes: “The distribution of value is not welcome, since replacing the sacrifice with the payment of the cost of the sacrificial animal can lead to the loss and oblivion of one of the sunnahs (desirable actions) that has been observed since the prophet Abraham himself. However, if the sacrifice is made on behalf of the deceased so that the reward is credited to him, and this happens where a large number of people make a sacrifice, then the distribution of the value of the sacrificial animal to the poor and the needy is permissible.
Are there any time limits for the rite of sacrifice?
The time for its fulfillment comes immediately after the end of the holiday prayer, and it ends shortly before sunset on the third day. The first day is the best. The performance of this ritual is possible at any time of the day. If a believer sacrifices an animal before the earliest holiday prayer in one of the mosques of the city ends, then it is not counted as a sacrificial animal, but is equated with an ordinary animal slaughtered for meat. In a city or village where there is no mosque and no holiday prayer is performed, the time of sacrifice begins with the appearance of the dawn.
Is it necessary to repeat the holiday prayer and sacrifice if in some locality they made a mistake with the definition of the day and did everything necessary a day ahead of schedule?
Repeated prayer and sacrifice should not be made.
Can a person make a sacrifice later if he did not have time to do it on the appointed days?
If a believer did not have time to acquire a ram and make a sacrifice on the days allotted for this, while he had the necessary material means, then he no longer makes a sacrifice, but he will be able to distribute funds equal to the value of the animal to the poor and indigent if he wants to receive the Lord's reward (savab ) from this charitable deed.
I heard that one who is going to sacrifice a ram should not cut his nails and hair, is that so?
It is advisable (sunnah) for a person who is about to make a sacrifice on the days of the holiday not to cut his hair or cut his nails during the first ten days of the month of Zul Hijja and before the slaughter ritual. This is due to a certain parallel with believers who make pilgrimages these days to the sacred places of Mecca and Medina and also do not cut their nails and hair.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If the month of Zul-Hijja has begun and one of you is going to make a sacrifice, let him not cut his nails and hair.” Cutting hair and nails at this time is regarded as an undesirable act (makruh).
But, if for a person this creates certain inconveniences, for example, due to the nature of his activity, then he, no doubt, can confidently shave and cut his hair. Canonically, the undesirability is nullified even with the slightest need.
Is it enough for a family to sacrifice one ram?
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) addressed the believers: “O people! One family needs to sacrifice one ram once a year. It is also reported that 'Ata ibn Yasar asked a companion of the Prophet Muhammad Abu Ayyub al-Ansari about how exactly in the time of the Messenger the sacrifice was performed on the holiday of Eid al-Adha, to which he replied: “During the time of the Prophet, a man sacrificed [on the holiday Eid al-Adha] from himself and his house (his family) one ram. They ate the meat themselves and treated it to others. This went on until people began to show off to each other and came to what you can see today. There are some opinions that Can to sacrifice one ram from each family member, however, it is considered sufficient to slaughter one ram from one financially capable family once a year. And this is done on one of the days of the Feast of Sacrifice (‘Iidul-adha, Eid al-Adha).
The well-known muhaddis ash-Shavkyani said about this: “The essence and truth in this matter is the sufficiency of one ram from a family indicated in the Sunnah, even if it consists of a hundred people or more.”
If a believer made a vow before God to sacrifice a certain cow or a certain ram on the days of the feast of sacrifice, but the animal died before the deadline, is the owner of the dead animal considered a debtor to the Lord?
If the animal died a natural death, then its owner owes nothing. If he himself sold it or slaughtered it for meat, then he is obliged to fulfill the vow given before God by buying an animal of the same value and sacrificing it on one of the days of the Feast of Sacrifice.
What to do with the skin of the sacrificial animal?
What to do with the skin of a sacrificial animal in Moscow? Can we just leave her in the slaughterhouse? Magomed.
Selling the skin of a sacrificial animal is prohibited. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) warned: “Whoever sells the skin of a sacrificial animal, it [sacrificial animal] is not counted [as a sacrificial]”. The skin can be transferred to someone, donated, for example, to the poor, you can leave it for personal use or exchange it for another thing. If the skin is still sold, then the proceeds must be distributed as alms.
It is not allowed to pay the butcher with the skin of a sacrificial animal. Imam ‘Ali said: “The Prophet Muhammad ordered me to distribute meat and the skin of a sacrificial animal as alms. And he ordered not to give the butcher [who sacrificed her] any part of the animal [as payment].”
As for the conditions of Moscow or another city of the Russian Federation or the CIS, you can leave the skin at the slaughterhouse without claiming a discount because of it, but transferring it free of charge.
Does the revealing of the pregnancy of the sacrificial animal violate the rite of slaughter? What to do with the embryo?
The rite of sacrifice is not violated. The main arteries are also cut to the embryo, but they are not eaten, but buried.
How long should the meat of the sacrificial animal be used?
Initially, the Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him) ordered that all meat be consumed and distributed within three days, that is, not left for long-term storage. However, later he canceled this instruction: “I was ordered to eat meat within three days, but now you can eat it as you wish.”
How many parts is the meat of the sacrificial animal divided into?
The meat of the sacrificial animal is divided into three parts: one for the poor, the second for distribution to neighbors or treating relatives and friends, and the third is left at home for later consumption. It is desirable that what is distributed to the poor and the needy should be at least a third of the total. Selling the meat of a sacrificial animal is strictly prohibited. If a person wishes, he can distribute everything, except for an insignificant part, which he will leave for himself and his family as a “tabarruk” (asking for blessings from the Almighty).
Is it possible to raise rams specifically for sale on the Feast of Sacrifice?
The production of what is permitted (halal) and trade in it are encouraged in Islam and are one of the main forms of income.
In our family, each member makes a certain significant contribution to the overall family budget, although half of the expenses are still at the expense of my parents. Me, my sister and her son live with our parents. Each of us has our own income, part of which we spend on family needs, as I noted above, and the rest - at our discretion.
Should we sacrifice one lamb from the whole family, or should everyone slaughter a lamb in their own name? Tell me how to do it right?
If you have three independent budgets (each has its own savings, savings), and these budgets overlap in some way, then each of them must make a sacrifice on the established holidays, if the amount of available funds meets the criteria mentioned earlier.
Is it possible to give gifts on Eid al-Adha and other Islamic holidays to remind loved ones, especially those who do not observe the canons of religion, about the holiday? Ivan.
Yes, of course you can and should.
I heard that you can fast ten days before Eid al-Adha. Could you tell us more about this (according to the Hanafi madhhab)? Bekbolat, Kazakhstan.
It is possible, but no more than that. The main thing is fasting on the day of ‘Arafah. For more details, see the materials "Eid al-Adha (briefly)" and "Additional fasting days".
What about young families who, for example, due to lack of necessary material resources, cannot observe this ritual? How can they celebrate and meet Eid al-Adha? Zarina.
Create a cozy festive atmosphere at home, distribute gifts to your children and loved ones.
1. Today I was told that a lamb should be sacrificed from only one person, that is, if the wife is under the guardianship of her husband, then the husband can sacrifice both for himself and for his wife. If the wife works, then she herself must buy a lamb. Is it true?
2. I live alone, I just graduated from the institute. My family now is my parents. Should I make a separate sacrifice, since I work and can more or less support myself?
1. Not true, one kurban - from one family, from one family budget.
2. According to the scholars of the Hanafi madhhab, you do not need to slaughter a sacrificial animal, it will be enough if your father slaughters one lamb from your family, including you.
If for some reason a Muslim did not fast the day before Eid al-Adha, is it possible to make up for this? Maybe you need to fast on other days, after a holiday for example? A.
No, you don't, this post is not replenished.
What kind of prayer should be performed during the Shiite Eid al-Adha holiday?
Both Shiites and Sunnis perform a festive prayer in the early morning of this day. There are no significant differences in how it is done.
My son-in-law wants to slaughter a sheep for Kurban for his four-year-old son. Will it be right? Alfiya.
The main thing is one kurban from one family budget. If your son-in-law wishes to perform the slaughter on behalf of his four-year-old son, then I see no direct canonical obstacles to this.
Is it possible to bring money for Kurban to the mosque on Poklonnaya Gora (for example, throw it in a box in an envelope marked)? For me, this is very important. We have a big problem with the slaughter in the city. You need to find an animal, ask a person who can do everything right. In addition, it is difficult to find Muslims to whom it would be possible to distribute. Maybe in the mosque they send money in an organized way to the countryside, where there are people in need? Elmira, Kursk.
If you bring it to our mosque, throw it into a box marked “Kurban” and indicating your name and patronymic at least a week before the holiday, then we will transfer this money to one of the charitable organizations that slaughters and distributes meat to those in need. If there are similar Muslim organizations in your city, then contact them. A culture of organized slaughter and distribution of meat to those in need, such as students, orphans, the disabled, or the elderly, is gradually emerging in Russia. In other states, this practice was and is.
We live in Surgut. Can we send money for a sheep to Dagestan so that a sheep from our family is slaughtered and distributed to those in need? Here we do not know to whom to distribute, but at home there are many needy families. Aruvzat.
Yes, of course. You can do this, the main thing is to send money in advance or have an appropriate agreement so that the slaughter process is carried out precisely on the days of the holiday.
Is it possible to slaughter a bull-calf that is a little less than two years old on Kurban? Bilal.
The opinion of theologians is unanimous that camels, buffaloes, bulls or cows, as well as rams, sheep and goats can be sacrificial animals. Age: camels - five years and more; buffaloes, bulls and cows - two years or more; rams, sheep and goats - at the age of one year and older.
Is there any benefit from the blood of a sacrificial animal slaughtered on Eid al-Adha? In Chechnya, they smear it on the forehead, cheeks, and nose. Ismail.
There is no canonical justification for this action, and therefore it can only be attributed to local tradition.
Are there any norms in the Sharia that prescribe (recommend) to perform the Kurban rite on behalf of the Prophet Muhammad (may the Almighty bless him and welcome). If not, where did this tradition come from among Russian Muslims? Sayar.
There are no norms recommending such an action in the Muslim canons. When and why this tradition appeared, I do not know. I suppose that this is some form of gratitude of people to the final messenger of God. But there is no need to practice such an innovation.
There is an intention to donate a lamb (to slaughter) in favor of an orphanage. Are there any rituals or dua for this occasion? Daulet.
There are no special rituals and prayers for this occasion. You perform the slaughter process as usual on behalf of yourself and your family, or you entrust it to the appropriate fund, after which the meat will be transferred to the orphanage.
See: an-Naisaburi M. Sahih Muslim [Code of Hadith of Imam Muslim]. Riyadh: al-Afkyar ad-davliya, 1998, pp. 818, 819, hadith 39–(1977); al-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-islami wa adyllatukh. In 11 vols. T. 4. S. 2704; ash-Shawkyani M. Neil al-avtar. In 8 vols. T. 5. S. 119, hadith No. 2090 and an explanation to it; al-Kurtubi A. Talkhys sahih al-imam Muslim. T. 2. S. 905.
Hadith from Abu Hurairah; St. X. Hakim and al-Bayhaqi. See: As-Suyuty J. Al-Jami‘ as-sagyr. S. 520, hadith no. 8554.
If the sacrifice belongs to the category of obligatory, for example, a vow (nazr) was made before the Almighty that “if a certain event happens, I will sacrifice an animal on the feast of sacrifice”, and this happened, then the person is obliged give it all away, including the skin, relatives, friends and the poor. See: Al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mugni al-Muhtaj. T. 6. S. 140; Muhammad ibn Suleiman A. Majma‘ al-anhur fi sharh multaka al-abhur. T. 2. S. 519.
See: Amin M. (known as Ibn ‘Abidin). Radd al-mukhtar. T. 6. S. 328; al-Margynani B. Al-khidaya. T. 2. Part 4. S. 409.
Hadith from ‘Ali; St. X. al-Bukhari and Muslim. See: Ash-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. S. 136, 137, hadith No. 2127; Amin M. (known as Ibn ‘Abidin). Radd al-mukhtar. T. 6. S. 328, 329.
See: Al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mugni al-Muhtaj. T. 6. S. 139–141.
See: Ash-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. S. 136, Hadith No. 2128.
See: Al-Margynani B. Al-khidaya. T. 2. Part 4. S. 409; Amin M. (known as Ibn ‘Abidin). Radd al-mukhtar. T. 6. S. 328.
See: Ash-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. S. 136, 137, hadith No. 2128.
See: An-Nawawi Ya. Minhaj at-talibin wa ‘umda al-muftin fi al-fiqh. S. 321; al-Qardawi Yu. Fatawa mu‘asyr. T. 1. S. 396.
Camels, buffaloes, bulls and cows are equal to seven sheep, that is, in the sacrifice of one cow, for example, no more than seven families can participate. Hanafi theologians clarify: each of the participants must be a Muslim and have the intention to make a sacrifice. Shafi'i theologians are not categorical in this. See: Ash-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. S. 128; Muhammad ibn Suleiman A. Majma‘ al-anhur fi sharh multaka al-abhur. T. 2. S. 519; al-Margynani B. Al-khidaya. T. 2. Part 4. S. 404; al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mugni al-mukhtaj. T. 6. S. 130; al-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-islami wa adyllatukh. In 11 vols. T. 4. S. 2713.
Hanafi theologians admit the possibility of slaughtering a ram at the age of six months or more, but having reached the size of a year old, for which they have justification from the Sunnah of the Prophet. See: Az-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-islami wa adyllatukh. In 11 vols. T. 4. S. 2723; al-Margynani B. Al-khidaya. T. 2. Part 4. S. 408.
Shafi'i theologians believe that goats and goats are sacrificed from the age of two or more. See: Al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mugni al-mukhtaj [Enriching the needy]. In 6 volumes. Egypt: al-Maktaba at-tavfiqiya, [b. G.]. T. 6. S. 129.
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