Language analysis of the work. Sholokhov "The fate of a man" test When Andrey Sokolov's son was killed

17.10.2021

The Great Patriotic War, even after many decades, remains the greatest blow to the whole world. What a tragedy this is for the fighting Soviet people, who have lost the most people in this bloody duel! The lives of many (both military and civilian) were broken. Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man" truthfully depicts this suffering, not of an individual person, but of the entire people who stood up to defend their Motherland.

The story "The Fate of a Man" is based on real events: M.A. Sholokhov met a man who told him his tragic biography. This story was almost a ready-made plot, but it did not immediately turn into a literary work. The writer nurtured his idea for 10 years, but put it on paper in just a few days. And he dedicated it to E. Levitskaya, who helped him print the main novel of his life "Quiet Don".

The story was published in the Pravda newspaper on the eve of the new year, 1957. And soon it was read on the All-Union radio, heard by the whole country. Listeners and readers were shocked by the strength and truthfulness of this work, it won the popularity it deserved. In literary terms, this book opened up a new way for writers to reveal the theme of war - through the fate of a little man.

The essence of the story

The author accidentally meets the main character Andrei Sokolov and his son Vanyushka. During the forced delay at the crossing, the men started talking, and a casual acquaintance told the writer his story. That's what he told him about.

Before the war, Andrei lived like everyone else: wife, children, household, work. But then thunder struck, and the hero went to the front, where he served as a driver. One fateful day, Sokolov's car came under fire, he was concussed. So he was captured.

A group of prisoners was brought to the church to spend the night, many incidents happened that night: the shooting of a believer who could not desecrate the church (they did not even let out "until the wind"), and with him several people who accidentally fell under the gunfire, help from doctor Sokolov and others wounded. Also, the main character had to strangle another prisoner, since he turned out to be a traitor and was going to extradite the commissioner. Even during the next drive to the concentration camp, Andrei tried to escape, but was caught by the dogs, who stripped him of his last clothes and bit everything, that "the skin and meat flew in shreds."

Then the concentration camp: inhuman work, an almost starving existence, beatings, humiliation - that's what Sokolov had to endure. "They need four cubic meters of production, but for the grave of each of us, even one cubic meter through the eyes is enough!" - Andrei said imprudently. And for this he appeared before Lagerfuehrer Müller. They wanted to shoot the main character, but he overcame his fear, bravely drank three shots of schnapps for his death, for which he earned respect, a loaf of bread and a piece of bacon.

Towards the end of hostilities, Sokolov was appointed a driver. And, finally, there was an opportunity for escape, and even together with the engineer whom the hero was driving. The joy of salvation did not have time to subside, grief arrived in time: he learned about the death of his family (a shell hit the house), but all this time he lived only in the hope of a meeting. Only one son survived. Anatoly also defended his homeland, with Sokolov they simultaneously approached Berlin from different sides. But right on the day of victory, they killed the last hope. Andrey was left all alone.

Subject

The main theme of the story is a man in a war. These tragic events are an indicator of personal qualities: in extreme situations, those character traits that are usually hidden are revealed, it is clear who is who in reality. Andrei Sokolov before the war was not particularly different, he was like everyone else. But in battle, having survived captivity, a constant danger to life, he showed himself. His truly heroic qualities were revealed: patriotism, courage, fortitude, will. On the other hand, a prisoner like Sokolov, probably also no different in ordinary peaceful life, was going to betray his commissar in order to curry favor with the enemy. Thus, the work also reflects the theme of moral choice.

Also M.A. Sholokhov touches on the topic of willpower. The war took away from the main character not only health and strength, but also the whole family. He has no home, how can he continue to live, what to do next, how to find meaning? This question has interested hundreds of thousands of people who have experienced similar losses. And for Sokolov, caring for the boy Vanyushka, who was also left without a home and family, became a new meaning. And for the sake of him, for the sake of the future of your country, you need to live on. Here is the disclosure of the topic of the search for the meaning of life - a real person finds it in love and hope for the future.

Problematic

The problem of choice takes an important place in the story. Every person faces a choice every day. But not everyone has to choose on pain of death, knowing that your fate depends on this decision. So, Andrei had to decide: betray or remain faithful to the oath, bend under the blows of the enemy, or fight. Sokolov was able to remain a worthy person and citizen, because he determined his priorities, guided by honor and morality, and not by the instinct of self-preservation, fear or meanness.
The whole fate of the hero, in his life trials, reflects the problem of the defenselessness of an ordinary person in the face of war. Little depends on him, circumstances are piling on him, from which he tries to get out at least alive. And if Andrei was able to save himself, then his family - no. And he feels guilty about it, even though he is not.
The problem of cowardice is realized in the work by means of secondary characters. The image of a traitor who, for the sake of momentary gain, is ready to sacrifice the life of a fellow soldier, becomes a counterweight to the image of the brave and strong-willed Sokolov. And such people were in the war, the author says, but there were fewer of them, that's why we won the victory.
The tragedy of the war. Numerous losses were suffered not only by the soldiers' units, but also by civilians who could not defend themselves in any way.

Characteristics of the main characters

Andrei Sokolov is an ordinary person, one of many who had to leave a peaceful existence in order to defend their homeland. He exchanges a simple and happy life for the danger of war, without even realizing how to stay on the sidelines. In extreme circumstances, he retains spiritual nobility, shows willpower and resilience. Under the blows of fate, he managed not to break. And to find a new meaning in life, which betrays kindness and responsiveness in him, because he sheltered an orphan.
Vanyushka is a lonely boy who has to spend the night wherever he has to. His mother was killed during the evacuation, his father was at the front. Torn, dusty, in watermelon juice - this is how he appeared before Sokolov. And Andrei could not leave the child, introduced himself as his father, giving a chance for a further normal life for himself and for him.

What is the meaning of the work?

One of the main ideas of the story is the need to take into account the lessons of the war. On the example of Andrei Sokolov, it is shown not what war can do with man, but what can do with all of mankind. Prisoners tortured by a concentration camp, orphaned children, destroyed families, burnt fields - this should never be repeated, and therefore should not be forgotten.

No less important is the idea that in any, even the most terrible situation, one must remain human, not become like an animal that, out of fear, acts only on the basis of instincts. Survival is the main thing for anyone, but if this comes at the cost of betraying oneself, one's comrades, and the Motherland, then the escaped soldier is no longer a person, he is not worthy of this title. Sokolov did not betray his ideals, did not break down, although he went through something that is difficult for a modern reader to even imagine.

genre

The story is a short literary genre that reveals one storyline and several characters. “The fate of a person” refers specifically to him.

However, if you look closely at the composition of the work, you can clarify the general definition, because this is a story within a story. Initially, the story is told by the author, who, by the will of fate, met and got into conversation with his character. Andrei Sokolov himself describes his difficult life, the first-person narration allows readers to better feel the feelings of the hero and understand him. Author's remarks are introduced to characterize the hero from the outside ("eyes, as if sprinkled with ashes," "I did not see a single tear in his seemingly dead, extinct eyes ... only large, limply lowered hands trembled finely, chin trembled, hard lips trembled") and show how deeply this strong man suffers.

What values does Sholokhov promote?

The main value for the author (and for the readers) is the world. Peace between states, peace in society, peace in the soul of a person. The war destroyed the happy life of Andrei Sokolov, as well as many people. The echo of the war still does not subside, so its lessons must not be forgotten (although often lately this event has been overestimated for political purposes that are far from the ideals of humanism).

Also, the writer does not forget about the eternal values of the individual: nobility, courage, will, the desire to come to the rescue. The time of knights, noble dignity has long passed, but true nobility does not depend on origin, it is in the soul, expressed in its ability to mercy and empathy, even if the world around us is crumbling. This story is a great lesson in courage and morality for today's readers.

A scene from the film "The Fate of Man" (1959)

Andrey Sokolov

Spring. Upper Don. The narrator and his friend rode in a chaise drawn by two horses to the village of Bukanovskaya. It was difficult to ride - the snow began to melt, the mud was impassable. And here, near the Mokhovsky farm, there is the Elanka river. Shallow in the summer, now it has spread for a whole kilometer. Together with the chauffeur who came from nowhere, the narrator swims across the river on some dilapidated boat. The driver drove a Willis car parked in the shed to the river, got into the boat and went back. He promised to be back in two hours.

The narrator sat down on a fallen fence and was about to light a cigarette, but the cigarettes got wet during the crossing. So he would be bored for two hours in silence, loneliness, without food, water, drink and smoke - as a man with a child approached him and greeted him. The man (this was the main character of the further narration, Andrei Sokolov) mistook the narrator for a driver - because of a car parked next to him and went to talk to a colleague: he himself was a driver, only in a truck. The narrator did not begin to upset the interlocutor, revealing his true profession (which remained unknown to the reader) and lied that the authorities were waiting for him.

Sokolov replied that he was in no hurry, and that he was hunting for a smoke. Smoking alone is boring. Seeing the cigarettes laid out to dry, he treated the narrator to his own tobacco.

They lit a cigarette and started talking. The narrator was embarrassed by a petty deception, so he listened more, and Sokolov spoke.

Pre-war life of Sokolov

At first my life was ordinary. I myself am a native of the Voronezh province, born in nineteen hundred. During the civil war he was in the Red Army, in the Kikvidze division. In a hungry twenty-second year, he went to the Kuban, to beat the kulaks, and therefore survived. And father, mother and sister died of hunger at home. One left. Rodney - even rolling a ball - nowhere, no one, not a single soul. Well, a year later he returned from the Kuban, sold his hut, went to Voronezh. At first he worked in a carpentry artel, then went to a factory, learned to be a locksmith. Soon he got married. The wife was brought up in an orphanage. Orphan. I got a good girl! Meek, cheerful, obsequious and clever, not my match. She learned from childhood how much a pound of dashing is worth, maybe this affected her character. To look from the outside - she was not so prominent of herself, but after all, I was not looking at her from the side, but point-blank. And it was not more beautiful and desirable for me, it was not in the world and never will be!

You come home from work tired, and sometimes as angry as the devil. No, she will not be rude to you in response to a rude word. Affectionate, quiet, does not know where to seat you, beats so that even with a small income, a sweet piece can be prepared for you. You look at her and move away with your heart, and after a little hug her, you say: “Forgive me, dear Irinka, I was naughty to you. You see, my work is not going well these days. " And again we have peace, and I have peace in my soul.

Then he told again about his wife, how she loved him and did not reproach him even when he had to drink too much with his comrades. But soon they had children - a son, and then - two daughters. Then the booze was over - except that he allowed himself a glass of beer on the day off.

In 1929 he was carried away by cars. He became a truck driver. He lived for himself and made good money. And here - the war.

War and captivity

The whole family saw him off to the front. The children controlled themselves, but the wife was very upset - for the last time, they say we’ll see each other, Andryusha ... In general, it’s so sickening, and then the wife is burying alive. In frustrated feelings he went to the front.

In the war, he was also a chauffeur. They were lightly wounded twice.

In May 1942 he found himself near Lozovenki. The Germans went on the offensive, and he volunteered to carry the ammunition to our artillery battery to the front line. I didn't deliver the ammunition - the shell fell very close, the blast wave turned the car over. Sokolov lost consciousness. When I woke up, I realized that I was behind enemy lines: the battle was rattling somewhere behind, and tanks were walking by. Pretended to be dead. When he decided that everyone had passed, he raised his head and saw six fascists with machine guns walking straight towards him. There was nowhere to hide, so he decided to die with dignity - he got up, although he could hardly stand on his feet - and looked at them. One of the soldiers wanted to shoot him - but the other held him back. They took off Sokolov's boots and sent him on foot to the west.

After a while, a column of prisoners from the same division as himself caught up with Sokolov, who was barely walking. I walked on with them.

We spent the night in the church. During the night, 3 noteworthy events happened:

a) A certain man, who introduced himself as a military doctor, set Sokolov's arm dislocated during the fall from the truck.

b) Sokolov saved from death an unfamiliar platoon commander whom his colleague Kryzhnev was going to hand over to the Nazis as a communist. Sokolov strangled the traitor.

c) The Nazis shot a believer who annoyed them with requests to be released from the church for a visit to the toilet.

The next morning they began to ask - who is the commander, commissar, communist. There were no traitors, so the communists, commissars and commanders survived. They shot a Jew (perhaps it was a military doctor - at least in the film the case is presented this way) and three Russians who looked like Jews. They drove the prisoners further west.

All the way to Poznan, Sokolov thought about escape. Finally, an opportunity presented itself: the prisoners were sent to dig graves, the guards were distracted - and he pulled to the east. On the fourth day, the fascists with shepherd dogs caught up with him, Sokolov's dogs almost bitten him. They kept him in a punishment cell for a month, then they sent him to Germany.

“They drove me everywhere in two years of captivity! He traveled half of Germany during this time: he was in Saxony, he worked at a silicate plant, and in the Ruhr region he rolled away a coal at a mine, and in Bavaria, a hump made money on earthworks, and he stayed in Thuringia, and damn it, where it was not necessary in German to resemble the earth "

In the balance of death

In the B-14 camp near Dresden, Sokolov and others worked in a stone quarry. He managed to get back one day after work to say, in the barracks, among other prisoners: "They need four cubic meters of work, but for the grave each of us will have one cubic meter through the eyes."

Someone reported these words to the superiors and called him in to the camp commandant Müller. Mueller knew Russian perfectly, so he communicated with Sokolov without an interpreter.

“I will do you a great honor, now I will personally shoot you for these words. It is inconvenient here, let's go to the courtyard, and there you will sign. " “Your will,” I tell him. He stood for a while, thought, and then threw the pistol on the table and poured a full glass of schnapps, took a piece of bread, put a slice of bacon on it and gave it all to me and said: "Before you die, drink, Russ Ivan, for the victory of German weapons."

I put the glass on the table, put the appetizer and say: "Thank you for the treat, but I'm not a drinker." He smiles: “Would you like to drink to our victory? In that case, drink to your doom. " What could I have to lose? “I will drink for my destruction and deliverance from torment,” I tell him. With that he took the glass and in two gulps poured it into himself, but did not touch the appetizer, politely wiped his lips with his palm and said: “Thank you for the treat. I'm ready, Herr Commandant, come and sign me. "

But he looks attentively and says: "You at least have a snack before you die." I answer him: “I don’t have a snack after the first glass”. He pours the second one, gives it to me. I drank the second one and again I don’t touch the appetizer, I beat on courage, I think: “At least I’ll get drunk before I go out into the yard, to part with my life.” The commandant raised his white eyebrows high and asked: “Why don't you have a snack, Russ Ivan? Do not be shy!" And I told him my own: "Excuse me, Herr Commandant, I am not used to having a snack after the second glass." He puffed out his cheeks, snorted, and then, as he burst out laughing and through laughter, he speaks something quickly in German: apparently, he is translating my words to friends. They also laughed, pushed their chairs, turning their faces towards me and already, I notice, they are looking at me somehow differently, seemingly softer.

The commandant pours me a third glass, and my hands are shaking with laughter. I drank this glass in a stretch, took a bite of a small piece of bread, put the rest on the table. I wanted them, the damned ones, to show that although I disappear from hunger, I am not going to choke on their handouts, that I have my own Russian dignity and pride, and that they did not turn me into cattle, no matter how hard they tried.

After that, the commandant became serious in appearance, straightened two iron crosses on his chest, left the table unarmed and said: “That's what, Sokolov, you are a real Russian soldier. You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and I respect worthy opponents. I won't shoot you. In addition, today our valiant troops reached the Volga and completely captured Stalingrad. This is a great joy for us, and therefore I generously give you life. Go to your block, and this is for your courage, "- and gives me a small loaf of bread and a piece of bacon from the table.

Harchi shared Sokolov with his comrades - all equally.

Liberation from captivity

In 1944, Sokolov was identified as a driver. He drove a German major engineer. He treated him well, sometimes sharing food.

On the morning of June twenty-ninth, my major ordered him to take him out of town, in the direction of Trosnitsa. There he supervised the construction of fortifications. We left.

On the way, Sokolov stunned the major, took the pistol and drove the car straight to where the ground was buzzing, where the battle was going on.

The submachine gunners jumped out of the dugout, and I deliberately slowed down so that they could see that the major was on his way. But they raised a cry, waving their hands, they say, it’s impossible to go there, but I don’t seem to understand, threw in the gas and went all eighty. Until they came to their senses and began to beat from machine guns at the car, and I already on no-one's land between the funnels looping no worse than a hare.

Here the Germans are beating from behind, and here they are outlined, they are scribbling towards me from machine guns. In four places the windshield was broken, the radiator was proportioned with bullets ... But now the forest over the lake, our people are running to the car, and I jumped into this forest, opened the door, fell to the ground and kissed it, and I have nothing to breathe ...

Sokolov was sent to the hospital to receive medical treatment and feed. In the hospital I immediately wrote a letter to my wife. Two weeks later I received an answer from a neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich. In June 1942, a bomb hit his house, his wife and both daughters were killed. The son was not at home. Upon learning of the death of his family, he volunteered for the front.

Sokolov was discharged from the hospital and received a month's leave. A week later I got to Voronezh. He looked at the crater in the place where his house was - and on the same day went to the station. Back to the division.

Son Anatoly

But three months later, joy flashed to me, like the sun from behind a cloud: Anatoly was found. He sent me a letter to the front, you see, from another front. I learned my address from a neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich. It turns out that at first he ended up in an artillery school; it was there that his talents for mathematics came in handy. A year later, he graduated from college with honors, went to the front and now he writes that he received the rank of captain, commanded a battery of "forty-five", has six orders and medals.

After the war

Andrey was demobilized. Where to go? I didn't want to go to Voronezh.

I remembered that my friend lives in Uryupinsk, demobilized in the winter after being wounded - he once invited me to his place, - he remembered and went to Uryupinsk.

My friend and his wife were childless, they lived in their own house on the outskirts of the city. Although he had a disability, he worked as a chauffeur in an autotube, and I got a job there too. He settled with a friend, they sheltered me.

Near the teahouse he met the homeless boy Vanya. His mother died in an air raid (during the evacuation, probably), his father died at the front. Once, on the way to the elevator, Sokolov took Vanyushka with him and told him that he was his father. The boy believed and was very happy. I adopted Vanyushka. A friend's wife helped look after the child.

Maybe we would have lived with him for another year in Uryupinsk, but in November a sin happened to me: I was driving through the mud, in one farm my car skidded, and then a cow turned up, and I knocked her down. Well, it’s a known thing, the women raised a cry, the people came running, and the traffic inspector was right there. He took the driver's book from me, no matter how I asked him to have mercy. The cow got up, lifted its tail and went galloping along the lanes, and I lost my book. During the winter I worked as a carpenter, and then I got in touch with a friend, also a colleague - he works as a driver in your region, in the Kasharsky district, and he invited me to his place. He writes that, they say, you will work for six months on the carpentry department, and there in our region they will give you a new book. Here we are with my son and are sent to Kashary in marching order.

Yes it is, how can I tell you, and if I had not had this accident with a cow, I would still have moved from Uryupinsk. Melancholy does not allow me to sit for a long time in one place. Now, when my Vanyushka grows up and I have to send him to school, then maybe I will calm down, settle down in one place

Then a boat came and the narrator said goodbye to his unexpected acquaintance. And he began to think about the story he had heard.

Two orphaned people, two grains of sand, thrown into foreign lands by a military hurricane of unprecedented strength ... Something awaits them ahead? And I would like to think that this Russian man, a man of unbending will, will endure and grow up near his father's shoulder one who, having matured, will be able to endure everything, overcome everything on his way, if his Motherland calls for this.

With heavy sadness I looked after them ... Maybe everything would have gone well at our parting, but Vanyushka, having walked a few steps and braiding his scanty legs, turned his face towards me as he walked, waving his pink hand. And suddenly, like a soft, but clawed paw squeezed my heart, and I hastily turned away. No, not only in a dream do elderly men who have turned gray during the war years cry. They cry in reality. The main thing here is to be able to turn away in time. The most important thing here is not to hurt the child's heart, so that he does not see a burning and avaricious man's tear running down your cheek ...

Retold by Mikhail Shtokalo for Briefly.

11 january 2015

In 1956, the work "The Fate of a Man" was written. Sholokhov, a summary of the story that he heard during the Great Patriotic War, fit into the story. Although, in terms of its significance, this topic is even worthy of a story. Mikhail Alexandrovich became the first writer who raised the problem of soldiers captured by the German invaders. This is a story about boundless human grief, loss and, along with this, faith in life itself and people.

The beginning of the work and its main characters

How is the narrative of the story written by Mikhail Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man" constructed? An analysis of it shows that this work is presented in the form of a confession. The main character is a rather extraordinary personality. Andrei Sokolov is an ordinary worker who worked on a collective farm before the war. Together with his family, he lives simply and measuredly, like millions of other families. But the Germans attacked, and everything seems to be turning over.

Andrey, among others, goes to defend his homeland. The story "The Fate of a Man" does not represent the main character in the form of some heroic personality. And nevertheless, the author shows the fate of the entire Russian people by the example of one person. He admires his courage, endurance and willpower. After all, having experienced such a tragedy, everyone found the strength to live on.

An illiterate person or a real worker

Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man" does not immediately reveal the image of the protagonist. The author gives it out as if in parts. In some lines of the work, you can find a description of his eyes, in another place the reader sees the words about "a big callous hand." This is how the general characterization of the character gradually develops, which is complemented by his speech turns.

While Andrei Sokolov is leading his story, you can notice words that convey a real Russian national character. He often uses proverbs in his story. It is noticeable that Andrei is an ordinary, illiterate working person. Because of this, he often inserts the wrong words or expressions. But he is a wonderful family man and during the war remains a real man.

Events that happened to the character during the war

Pupils who write an essay on the topic "The Fate of a Man" must be sure to familiarize themselves with at least a brief summary of the work. The writer describes Sokolov as a simple soldier who learned all the hardships of wartime. And then the author describes how Andrei even went through German captivity. Particularly interesting are these pages of the work written by Mikhail Sholokhov ("The Fate of a Man"). Their analysis reveals the characters of many characters.

Here there is a soldier's like-mindedness and brotherhood, betrayal and cowardice. In captivity, Andrei Sokolov commits murder, the first in his life. He killed a captured soldier who wanted to hand over his commander to the Nazis. Then Sokolov meets the doctor. He is the same prisoner as the rest, but shows an unlimited humane attitude towards his comrades.

The main character traits of the main character

What is the plot of the story written by Mikhail Sholokhov built on? The fate of a person, an analysis of his actions over a long period of his life, as well as the behavior of the protagonist during captivity. Thanks to all this, the author shows how a simple worker was able to preserve not only self-esteem. Andrei Sokolov throughout the entire time that he was in captivity or participated in military battles, remained a real man. He was able to remain calm even in the most difficult and critical situations.

Mikhail Sholokhov became the first writer who showed the reader all the horrors of German captivity. The author of the work quite vividly described not only the heroic behavior of his compatriots. He did not hide the facts when many people lost their composure and, fearing for their own lives, lost courage. They betrayed their comrades and the Motherland. And sometimes just for a piece of bread they committed murder, went to humiliation. And, comparing the characteristics of various characters that appear before the reader during the capture of Andrei Sokolov, one can see how the author, against their background, emphasizes the strength of the personality of his protagonist. He seems to become even taller and stronger, and his actions are purer and more courageous.

How Andrey saved his life

There is one more episode that should be noted in the work "The Fate of a Man". A brief description of it will allow the reader to independently judge Sokolov's character. Once, for an inadvertently thrown phrase in the barracks, which one of the traitors immediately reported to the authorities, Andrey was summoned to the commandant. His name was Müller. Before shooting Sokolov, he invited him to drink a glass of vodka for the victory of the German army and eat. But Andrey refused.

Then the commandant put a glass of vodka in front of him for the second time and told him to drink to his death. The soldier drank one, then did not eat the second. And although he was already barely standing on his feet, he mastered the third glass, then breaking off a small piece of bread to eat. The commandant treated Sokolov with respect. After all, he perfectly understood how terrible the food in the concentration camps was.

Many killed each other for a piece of bread. And here is such courage, especially in the face of death. Until recently, Andrei wanted to remain a real man and show the German invaders that not all of the Russian people can be broken. Assessing this behavior of the captured soldier, Müller did not shoot him. Moreover, he gave him a loaf of bread and a hunk of bacon, sending him to the barracks. Returning to the barrack, Andrei divided everything between his comrades.

Escape from captivity, or New blows of fate

Further, the story "The Fate of a Man" tells how Andrei Sokolov got to one German as a driver, and no matter how well he treated him, the same thought haunted the soldier. Run to your own. Fight for the Motherland further. Finally, the opportunity presented itself - and Andrey manages to outwit the fascists. Once among his family, he first of all sends a letter to his wife to inform his family that everything is fine with him, is alive and well.

And here another blow of fate awaits this courageous man. His wife and daughters were killed when the German invaders carried out an air raid. Sokolov is endlessly experiencing this loss, but, having pulled himself together again, he continues to live. Fight and win. Moreover, there is still a son, there is something to live for.

Sholokhov. "The fate of man": analysis of the next test

Fate seems to finally want to test Andrei Sokolov's strength, giving him a short moment of communication with his son. In the last days of the war, the last crushing blow awaits him. The son was killed. And the only thing that remains for the protagonist is to say goodbye to the body of a dead child, his last loved one, and bury him in a foreign land.

What to do next? Everyone for whom he fought, the thoughts of which helped Andrey survive in German captivity, for which he clung to life so much, there is nothing! There comes the moral and emotional devastation of the protagonist. There is no home, no family, no purpose to live on. And only a happy accident had a huge impact on the fate of a person who was already completely desperate.

The gift of fate - the orphan Vanyushka

Andrei Sokolov meets a little boy Vanechka, who lost all his loved ones in the war. The child instinctively reaches out for the soldier. Each person needs care and affection. But here the author seems to emphasize the kinship of their souls. Each of these characters experienced in their lives the enormous pain of the loss of a loved one and the horrors of war. And fate did not give them this meeting in vain. Boy Vanya and Andrei Sokolov find solace in each other.

Now a man has someone to live for, he has a new meaning in life. You need to take care of this little man. To educate in him all those qualities that in the future will help him become a real man, a worthy citizen of society. And Andrei Sokolov continues to live. Having overcome the inner pain, he again shows himself as a courageous and purposeful person, confident in his own strength.

The last pages of a famous work

If you write an essay on the topic "The Fate of a Man", then it will not be possible to describe any special feats that the protagonist performed during the Second World War. He was wounded several times, and even that was light. But those episodes from the life of Andrei Sokolov, which the author describes, those that quite clearly demonstrate his courageous character, willpower, human pride, self-esteem and love for the Motherland, are not they a kind of feat?

Do not lose yourself in this cruel war, do not forget how to love, do not lose the desire to live. Here is the real feat of the man who wanted to describe Mikhail Sholokhov, talking about the fate of his main character Andrei Sokolov.

The test on the story of Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man" will help you better remember the key moments of the work.

Test on the "Fate of a Man" by Sholokhov with answers

1. The story of M. A. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man" is written:

- in 1937, - in 1947, - 1957.

2. What the hero of the story "The Fate of a Man" did when he met an orphan boy Vanyusha:

- gave him to an orphanage

— adopted

- found his mother

3. The hero of the story "The Fate of a Man" by M. A. Sholokhov:

- "ordinary Soviet man"

- a prominent military leader

- a peasant who found himself at the front

4. The story of M. A. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man" is dedicated to the events:

- World War I

Civil war

-Great Patriotic War

5. The name of the hero of the story by MA Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man":

- Andrey Orlov

Alexey Sokolov

-Andrey Sokolov

Tests with answers "The destiny of a man"

1. Determine the composition of the work: A. Byl B. Story in a story C. Story G. Drama

2. Having chosen such a title for his work, Sholokhov narrates:

A. About the fate of Andrei Sokolov B. About the fate of one of the many Russian soldiers

C. About the fate of all mankind as a whole D. About the fate of Vanyusha

3. To whom was the story of MASholokhov "The Fate of a Man" dedicated:

A. Maria Petrovna Sholokhova B. Former prisoners of war

V. Evgeniya Grigorievna Levitskaya G. Nina Petrovna Ogareva

4. Time of year when the narrator met Sokolov: A. Spring B. Autumn C. Summer D. Winter

5. Year of birth of Andrey Sokolov? A. 1898 B. 1900 C. 1902 G. 1905

6. How many parts can the life of Andrei Sokolov be divided into? A. 2, B. 3, V. 1, G. 4

7. Where and when was Andrey Sokolov taken prisoner?

A. Near Stalingrad - July 1942 B. Near Kursk - July 1943

V. Near Leningrad - 1941-1944 G. Under Lozovenki - in May 1942

8.Andrey Sokolov, being captured: A. Resigned to his fate

B. Hoped for a speedy liberation by Soviet troops

B. Tried to do all the work without complaints D. Always thought about escape

9. What was Andrei Sokolov's camp number? A. 881, B. 331, B. 734, G. 663.

10. Why didn't Sokolov touch the bread during the interrogation at Muller's?

B. Showed to the enemies the dignity and pride of a soldier G. Cunning and hypocritical

11. Where did Sokolov have to visit during 2 years of captivity in Germany?

A. Saxony B. Hesse W. Warsaw G. Berlin

12. When Andrei Sokolov was released from captivity: A. 1944 B. 1945 V. 1942 G. 1943

13. What brand did Sokolov use to carry the shells at the front?

A. ZIS-5 B. lorry V. GAZ-67 G. Oppel

14. How many times was A. Sokolov wounded? A. 2 B.3 C. 4 D. 1

15. What was the name of Andrei Sokolov's wife? A. Olga B. Lydia V. Irina G. Anna

16. What were the names of Andrei Sokolov's children? A. Anatoly, Olyushka, Nastenka B. Ksyusha, Sergey, Maxim

V. Nina, Tanyushka, Lenochka G. Alexander, Dmitry, Andreyka

17. In what year did the family of Andrei Sokolov die?

A. 1941 B. 1942 V. 1943 G. 1944

18. Name the farm opposite which the heroes of the story "The Fate of a Man" were crossing the river? A. Volokhovsky B. Mokhovskoy V. Solontsovsky G. Roadside

A. 3-4 B. 4-5 C. 5-6 D. 7-8

20. When was Andrey Sokolov's son killed?

Mikhail Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man" tells the story of the life of a soldier of the Great Patriotic War, Andrei Sokolov. The outbreak of war took away everything from the man: family, home, faith in a bright future. Strong-willed character and fortitude did not allow Andrey to break. The meeting with the orphaned boy Vanyushka brought new meaning to Sokolov's life.

This story is included in the curriculum of grade 9 literature. Before you get acquainted with the full version of the work, you can read online a summary of "The Fate of a Man" by Sholokhov, which will acquaint the reader with the most important episodes of "The Fate of a Man".

main characters

Andrey Sokolov- the main character of the story. He worked as a chauffeur in wartime until the Fritzes took him prisoner, where he spent 2 years. In captivity, he was listed under the number 331.

Anatoly- the son of Andrei and Irina, who went to the front during the war. Becomes a battery commander. Anatoly died on Victory Day, he was killed by a German sniper.

Vanyushka- an orphan, Andrey's adopted son.

Other characters

Irina- Andrey's wife

Kryzhnev- traitor

Ivan Timofeevich- Andrey's neighbor

Nastya and Olyushka- Sokolov's daughters

The first spring after the war came to the Upper Don. The baking sun touched the ice on the river and the flood began, turning the roads into a washed-out slurry.

The author of the story had to get to the Bukanovskaya station at this off-road time, to which it was about 60 km. He reached the crossing of the Elanka River and, together with his accompanying chauffeur, sailed on a boat full of holes from old age to the other side. The driver sailed away again, and the narrator remained to wait for him. Since the driver promised to return only after 2 hours, the narrator decided to take a smoke break. He took out the cigarettes, which got wet during the crossing, and laid them out to dry in the sun. The narrator sat down on the fence and pondered.

Soon, he was distracted from his thoughts by a man and a boy, who were moving towards the crossing. The man approached the narrator, greeted him and asked: how long to wait for the boat. We decided to smoke together. The narrator wanted to ask the interlocutor where he is heading on such an off-road with his little son. But the man got ahead of him and started talking about the past war.
This is how the narrator got acquainted with a brief retelling of the life story of a man whose name was Andrei Sokolov.

Life before the war

Andrei had a hard time even before the war. As a young boy, he went to the Kuban to work for the kulaks (wealthy peasants). It was a harsh period for the country: it was 1922, a time of famine. So Andrey's mother, father and sister died of hunger. He was left all alone. He returned to his homeland only a year later, sold his parents' house and married the orphan Irina. Andrei got a good wife, obedient and not grumpy. Irina loved and respected her husband.

Soon the young couple had children: first, the son Anatoly, and then the daughters Olyushka and Nastenka. The family settled down well: they lived in prosperity, they rebuilt their house. If earlier Sokolov drank with friends after work, now he was in a hurry home to his beloved wife and children. In the 29th Andrey left the factory and began to work as a driver. Another 10 years passed unnoticed for Andrey.

The war broke out unexpectedly. Andrei Sokolov received a summons from the military registration and enlistment office, and he goes to the front.

War time

The whole family saw off Sokolov to the front. Irina had a bad feeling that she was seeing her husband for the last time.

During the distribution, Andrei received a military truck and went to the front for his steering wheel. But he did not have to fight for a long time. During the German offensive, Sokolov was given the task of delivering ammunition to the soldiers in a hot spot. But it did not work to bring the shells to their own - the Nazis blew up the truck.

When the surviving Andrey miraculously woke up, he saw an overturned truck and exploded ammunition. And the battle was already going somewhere behind. Then Andrei realized that he was directly surrounded by the Germans. The Nazis immediately noticed the Russian soldier, but did not kill him - labor is needed. So Sokolov ended up in captivity along with his fellow soldiers.

The prisoners were herded into the local church to spend the night. Among those arrested was a military doctor who made his way in the dark and questioned each soldier about the presence of injuries. Sokolov was very worried about his hand, dislocated during the explosion, when he was thrown out of the truck. The doctor adjusted Andrey's limb, for which the soldier was very grateful to him.

The night was restless. Soon one of the prisoners began to ask the Germans to release him to relieve himself. But the leader of the convoy forbade anyone to leave the church. The prisoner broke down and cried: “I cannot,” he says, “desecrate the holy temple! I'm a believer, I'm a Christian! " ... The Germans shot and killed the annoying pilgrim and several other prisoners.

After that, the arrested were quiet for a while. Then conversations began in whispers: they began to ask each other who was from where and how he was captured.

Sokolov heard a quiet conversation next to him: one of the soldiers threatened the platoon commander that he would tell the Germans that he was not an ordinary private, but a communist. The man who threatened, as it turned out, was Kryzhnev's name. The platoon commander begged Kryzhnev not to hand him over to the Germans, but he stood his ground, arguing that "his shirt is closer to the body."

After what he heard, Andrei shook with rage. He decided to help the platoon commander and kill the vile party member. For the first time in his life, Sokolov killed a man, and it became so disgusting to him, as if he "strangled some creeping bastard."

Camp work

In the morning, the Nazis began to find out which of the prisoners belonged to the communists, commissars and Jews in order to shoot them on the spot. But there were none, as well as traitors who could betray.

When the arrested were driven into the camp, Sokolov began to think how he could get out to his own. Once such a case was presented to a prisoner, he managed to escape and break away from the camp for 40 km. Only in the footsteps of Andrey were the dogs, and soon they caught him. The set dogs tore all his clothes on him and bit him into the blood. They put Sokolov in a punishment cell for a month. After the punishment cell followed 2 years of hard work, hunger, bullying.

Sokolov got to work in a stone quarry, where the prisoners "manually hammered, cut, crumbled German stone." More than half of the workers died from hard work. Andrei could not resist somehow, and uttered rash words towards the cruel Germans: "They need four cubic meters of production, but for the grave each of us will have one cubic meter through the eyes."

There was a traitor among his own, and reported this to the Fritzes. The next day, Sokolov was asked by the German authorities. But before leading the soldier to be shot, the commandant of the block, Müller, offered him a drink and a snack for the victory of the Germans.

Almost looking death in the eye, the brave fighter refused such an offer. Mueller only smiled and ordered Andrei to drink for his death. The prisoner had nothing to lose, and he drank to get rid of his torment. Despite the fact that the fighter was very hungry, he never touched the Nazis' snack. The Germans poured a second glass to the arrested man and again offered him a bite to eat, to which Andrei replied to the German: "Excuse me, Herr Commandant, I am not used to having a snack after the second glass." The Nazis laughed, poured Sokolov a third glass and decided not to kill him, because he showed himself as a real soldier loyal to his homeland. He was released to the camp, and for his courage they gave him a loaf of bread and a piece of bacon. In the block, the provisions were divided equally.

The escape

Soon Andrei gets to work in mines in the Ruhr region. The year was 1944, Germany began to give up its positions.

By chance, the Germans learn that Sokolov is a former driver, and he goes into the service of the German office "Todte". There he becomes the personal driver of the Fat Fritz, Major of the Army. After a while, the German major was sent to the front-line, and together with him, Andrey.

Once again, the prisoner began to visit the thoughts of escaping to their own. Once Sokolov noticed a drunken sergeant, took him around the corner, took off all his uniforms. Andrei hid the uniform under the seat in the car, and also hid a weight and a telephone wire. Everything was ready for the implementation of the plan.

One morning Major Andrey ordered to take him out of town, where he was in charge of the construction. On the way, the German dozed off, and as soon as they drove out of the city, Sokolov took out a weight and stunned the German. After the hero took out his hidden uniform, quickly changed his clothes and drove at full speed towards the front.

This time the brave soldier managed to get to his people with a German "gift". We met him as a real hero and promised to present him with a state award.
They gave the soldier a month off: to heal, to rest, to see his family.

Sokolov was sent to the hospital for a start, from where he immediately wrote a letter to his wife. 2 weeks have passed. The answer comes from home, but not from Irina. The letter was written by their neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich. This message turned out to be not joyful: Andrei's wife and daughters died back in 1942. The Germans blew up the house where they lived. Only a deep hole remained from their hut. Only the eldest son, Anatoly, survived, who, after the death of his relatives, asked to go to the front.

Andrei arrived in Voronezh, looked at the place where his house used to stand, and now a pit filled with rusty water, and on the same day went back to the division.

Waiting to meet my son

For a long time Sokolov did not believe in his misfortune, he grieved. Andrey lived only with the hope of meeting his son. Correspondence began between them from the front and the father learns that Anatoly became the division commander and received many awards. Andrey was overwhelmed with pride for his son, and in his thoughts he already began to draw how he and his son would heal after the war, how he would become a grandfather and nurse his grandchildren, having met a calm old age.

At this time, Russian troops were rapidly advancing and pushing the Nazis back to the German border. Now there was no way to correspond, and only by the end of spring did my father receive news from Anatoly. The soldiers came close to the German border - the end of the war came on May 9.

Excited, happy Andrei was looking forward to meeting his son. But his joy was short-lived: Sokolov was told that the battery commander was shot by a German sniper on May 9, 1945, on Victory Day. Father Anatoly spent his last journey, burying his son on German soil.

Post-war time

Soon Sokolov was demobilized, but he did not want to return to Voronezh because of difficult memories. Then he remembered about a military friend from Uryupinsk, who invited him to his place. The veteran went there.

A friend lived with his wife on the outskirts of the city, they had no children. Andrey's friend got him to work as a driver. After work, Sokolov often went to the teahouse to have a glass or two. Near the teahouse, Sokolov noticed a homeless boy of 5-6 years old. Andrei learned that the street child's name was Vanyushka. The child was left without parents: the mother was killed during the bombing, and the father was killed at the front. Andrey decided to adopt a child.

Sokolov brought Vanya to the house where he lived with a married couple. The boy was washed, fed and dressed. The child began to accompany his father on every flight and would never agree to stay at home without him.

So the son and his father would have lived for a long time in Uryupinsk, if not for one incident. Once Andrey was driving in a truck in bad weather, the car skidded, and he knocked down a cow. The animal remained unharmed, and Sokolov was deprived of his driver's license. Then the man signed off with another colleague from Kashara. He invited him to work and promised that he would help to get new rights. So they are now on their way with their son to the Kasharsky region. Andrey confessed to the narrator that he could not have resisted for a long time in Uryupinsk: melancholy does not allow him to sit in one place.

Everything would be fine, but Andrei's heart began to play pranks, he is afraid he will not stand it, and his little son will be left alone. Every day a man began to see his deceased relatives calling him to him: “I talk about everything with Irina and the kids, but I just want to open the wire with my hands, - they leave me, as if they are melting before our eyes ... And here's an amazing thing: during the day I always hold on to myself, you can't squeeze out a sigh or a sigh, but at night I'll wake up and the whole pillow is wet with tears ... "

Then a boat appeared. This was the end of the story of Andrei Sokolov. He said goodbye to the author and they moved towards the boat. Sadly, the narrator looked after these two close, orphaned people. He wanted to believe in the best, in the better future fate of these strangers to him, who had become close to him in a couple of hours.

Vanyushka turned and waved goodbye to the narrator.

Conclusion

In the work, Sholokhov raises the problem of humanity, loyalty and betrayal, courage and cowardice in war. The conditions in which the life of Andrei Sokolov was placed did not break him as a person. And meeting with Vanya gave him hope and purpose in life.

Having got acquainted with the short story "The Fate of a Man", we recommend that you read the full version of the work.