Netiquette - rules, norms, typical violations. Netiquette: subtleties and rules of communication in cyberspace Netiquette rules and concepts

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Any phenomenon sooner or later acquires certain cultural layers and norms. Communication on the Internet has long become a ubiquitous phenomenon, which means it has acquired certain rules of communication. This unwritten set of recommendations for behavior in the virtual world is called networket or netiquette - from the phrase “netiquette” (network etiquette in English). This article outlines the basic rules of good manners on the Internet.

Features of netiquette

Rules of behavior on the Internet are no different from generally accepted standards of decency in the real world. Communication on the Internet also requires politeness, friendliness and responsiveness. Netiquette is the same norms of etiquette, but in virtual space. But many online communities often form their own rules (in fact, just like in the offline environment - for example, among representatives of a certain subculture or in a long-familiar close company).

In addition, many norms and examples of networking are determined by specific methods of transmitting information: on the Internet, in order to convey our thoughts, we use text, pictures, and less often - video and audio messages. The way we do this leaves its mark on how other people perceive us. And in this case, it is already important to know what netiquette considers acceptable and what is regarded as rude behavior. For example, a person who does not know that writing a message in upper case is equivalent to shouting in the real world will not be able to understand why their message is being reacted negatively. To avoid similar situations in the future, it is necessary to understand which network rules are relevant for Internet users.

Communication on forums

Although now Internet forums are already fading into oblivion, giving way to social networks and instant messengers, it was on them that the foundations of the network began to form. It was precisely this communication on the forums that made users think about the need to stick to the main topic of discussion in the comment thread, and also taught them to identify trolls who incite conflicts. The basic concepts that are still actively used to characterize the norms of communication on the Internet are flood, offtopic, ban, flame and others.

Flood and offtopic

Flood comes from the English word for flood. Corresponds to filling a discussion thread with meaningless and useless comments devoid of any useful information. Often people who start flooding a topic do not have any malicious intent - they just want to chat, joke and fool around in the comments. It is for such purposes that separate special topics are created in which you can flood.

Offtopic - a departure from the main topic of discussion. It looks like flooding and often develops into it. How does this usually happen? For example, on a forum for fishing enthusiasts, a new topic “Advice on how to choose fishing rods” opens. Several people share their experiences, one posts a photo from fishing with a car in the background, the second notices a foreign car model and begins to argue why it is better or worse than any other. A third joins the discussion of cars - as a result, a newcomer who comes to the forum is surprised to find five pages in the thread about fishing rods with a heated discussion of cars. Such cases usually end with moderators deliberately creating a new topic and moving off-topic pages there.

Ban and flame

Anyone who does not know how to behave decently gets a ban online. This is a rather severe punishment - the offender is deprived of access to the resource. Usually they are banned for outright rudeness, getting personal, inciting conflict, and deliberately spreading false and harmful information. Each resource, as a rule, has its own set of rules that determine how to behave and what can get you banned.

Flame is too heated a discussion. If the flow of the conversation turns into a rather tense direction, a controversy flares up, and then the original topic of the conversation is forgotten because the participants are too keen on sorting out the relationship - it is customary to talk about a flame. Particularly active flame participants may be banned.

Social media etiquette

Nowadays, most Internet users communicate not on forums, but on social networks, the unspoken rules of politeness of which may differ slightly. Almost all countries in the world use Facebook, and there are several specific communication errors on this social network that infuriate everyone:

• To resolve personal issues, use only the messenger - do not sort things out or agree on some important matter in the comments. Moreover, there is no need to post anything on another user’s wall without prior permission.
• Don't bombard people you don't know with a stream of messages. Many people are annoyed by communication in the “walk and write on the go” style. This usually happens in a conversation with friends, but if you want to make a request to a stranger, then it’s better not to make it up on the fly, but formulate it in advance and write a full text.
• Never add anyone to groups without their consent - this will irritate absolutely everyone. It would be a good idea to write a post about this group, where you explain what kind of community it is, why you created it (subscribed to it) and what they publish or are going to publish in it.
• Ask permission before tagging a person in a photo, and do not post anything on social media that could be considered compromising. You should also not tag your friends on greeting cards, as is often done.
• You should not make a video call without prior warning - this applies not only to Facebook messenger, but also to other similar messaging programs. It’s always better to ask in a chat if the person is comfortable talking.
• Do not distribute false or spam information. Also, many people are annoyed by pitiful posts about homeless kittens and so-called chain letters. If you abuse them, they will unfollow you pretty soon.

Meaning of emoticons

In modern Internet communication, emoticons play an important role - they make it clear the emotions of the interlocutor, regardless of the text. Of course, you won’t use emojis (as emoticons are also called) or stickers in business correspondence, but this can and should be done in correspondence with friends. There is even a joke that a person who writes without emoticons arouses suspicion.

But there is another extreme - an excess of emoticons. There are posts where pictograms are used instead of half the words. Some may find this funny, but the meaning of emoticons is to dilute the text a little (by 10% maximum), and not to draw all the attention to themselves.

Learn to write beautifully

In most cases, text on the Internet is your main self-presentation (of course, if we are not talking about an Instagram feed or YouTube channel). The ability to write competently, to construct sentences logically, the very manner of writing - all this can attract or repel readers, telling a lot about who you really are. Observe those whose texts attract you and take note of what you would like to borrow from their style.

Don't mince words

If you correspond with close friends, then grammar, spelling and vocabulary become less important - it is much more important to convey information quickly. The problem is that many people consider such disregard for punctuation marks, capital letters, and even banal rules of politeness to be the norm of the network. This can be illustrated with the following example: often in online stores on social networks, under a photo of a product, a person writes “Price?”, “How much?” instead of being more polite and detailed. On the other hand, a seller who does not indicate prices under the product photo is also not attentive to his customers.

No capslock!

A common mistake novice users make is using upper case (capital letters) to write text. Remember, according to the rules of the network, this is a transition to shouting. It is appropriate only in the correspondence of well-known people, and even then most often in cases where you need to express surprise or indignation. It’s definitely not a good idea to correspond in capslock or caps mode (as solid upper case is also called) with strangers. And you definitely shouldn’t alternate letters in upper and lower case in one word - it was fashionable ten years ago, but now it’s just annoying.

"Sins" of Instagram users

Since more and more content on social networks is published in the form of images and photographs, it is worth touching on this topic as part of the study of networking as the rules of conduct for communication on the Internet. This applies most of all to the Instagram network, whose users often “sin” with monotonous photographs of meager topics.

Let's assume that the photo quality is excellent - then a person can go to the other extreme. Everyone has a friend who posts a selfie, their food, coffee, a bouquet of flowers, a beautiful sunset every day. Such online characters are no less annoying, if not more, than people posting poor quality photos. To ensure that your feed consists of interesting subscribers, and not random people who fell for your cute face, dilute the stream of endless selfies with more intelligent posts.

Communication by email

The concept of a network also applies to email. Nothing has changed fundamentally in the area of ​​personal correspondence. A letter sent via email should be as polite and courteous as one written on paper. But be attentive to the details - they contain ways to show respect for your virtual interlocutor:

• Do not write the text in a continuous block - use structuring and paragraphing. This will make the text easier to understand, and it will be more convenient for your interlocutor to read it.
• Do not use the “good day” address accepted on the Internet - it has already set many people on edge.
• Be sure to indicate the subject of the letter - do not leave this field blank.
• If you are participating in a group correspondence and want to send a reply letter to only one recipient, be sure to check that all other participants in the correspondence are not indicated in the “To” field. Conversely, if you want to send the same message to a group of people, it is better to check the “Bcc” checkbox - then the common database of addresses will remain available only to you.
• In order to reply to a letter, use the special “Reply” button - this will allow you to track all previous correspondence.
• It is best to enter the recipient's address last - this will save you from an awkward mistake when an unfinished letter reaches the recipient due to an accidental click on the "Send" button.
• Don't delay in answering. E-mail means that the letter reaches the recipient instantly and receives a quick response.

Since people exist in society, they are all obliged to comply with the norms of social behavior. The rules of etiquette can be general in nature and also vary depending on the communicative situation, therefore, they distinguish, for example, table etiquette, business etiquette, diplomatic etiquette, etc. In recent years, a new type has been added to this list - netiquette, or netiquette. His appearance was dictated by urgent need. After all, today there are a huge number of people using the Internet, and not all of them have an idea of ​​how to behave correctly when communicating online.

Why do we need netiquette rules?

Online etiquette rules essentially have the same goal as regular etiquette rules: they help people achieve mutual understanding and ensure safe communication. The impersonality of a network communicative act makes users forget that they are not dealing with a machine, but with living people. Establishing a strong contact with an interlocutor whom we neither see nor hear is quite difficult. And netiquette is a set of recommendations that are designed to help solve this problem. In addition, following the rules of netiquette makes it possible to safely avoid the machinations of virtual scammers, keeping your wallet and your nerve cells intact.

10 Basic Rules of Netiquette

1. Be polite, even if the communication is not in real time. After all, in any case, you are in contact with people who are simply on the other side of the screen.
2. Do not forget about the mandatory formulas of greeting, farewell, address, expression of gratitude, etc.
3. Pay attention to the communication situation, for example, in a network chat where people are just going to chat, you can behave more freely, but during a network thematic conference you should be more restrained, etc.
4. Avoid idle talk and try not to waste your interlocutor’s time.
5. Do not rush to destroy the aura of anonymity when communicating with strangers; let people judge you not by your appearance and manner of dressing, but by the breadth of your horizons, level of literacy, sense of humor, etc.
6. Proofread and edit your messages and emails before sending, and do not send nonsense or illiterate text to your interlocutor.
7. Don't stoop to rude insults. Politeness is appropriate even when your opponent turns out to be an outright boor.
8. Do not refuse help, unless, of course, you are asked to send money to an unfamiliar number or something similar. You can help with advice, send a link to the desired resource, answer a question, or give advice.
9. Do not try to lecture your interlocutor or “pressure” him morally.
10. Be lenient towards the mistakes of others; you can easily turn a blind eye to unintentional mistakes in phrases. No one can be perfect, we are all only human.

Social Media Etiquette Rules

Social networks are incredibly popular today, and therefore they could not help but be affected by netiquette and the basic rules of communication on social networks are generally similar to the general rules of netiquette. But there are also special recommendations. For example, to avoid confusion, it is best to use a simple name or your real first and last name as a nickname, as well as your photo for your avatar. But provide information about yourself that is of a purely personal nature - telephone number, address, passport details, etc. – interlocutors on the Internet should not do so, so that there is no risk of being deceived by scammers. You should not continue communicating with a user who seems suspicious or inappropriate to you. You can blacklist it or report it to the administrators.

10 COMMANDMENTS OF NET ETIQUETTE

What is netiquette,

Why is it needed and how to comply with it?
Netiquette is a set of simple rules that were invented by people who communicate a lot with each other via the Internet. It is needed so that everyone - both experienced users and beginners - can communicate with each other equally comfortably. Most of the rules are not of any special nature, but simply represent a repetition of the rules of good manners accepted in society as a whole. These rules are just wishes. But since we are all a community, following these rules will raise your authority, and you will attract attention as a pleasant and interesting interlocutor.

How to observe netiquette? You must learn to behave as if you are in an unfamiliar world, very similar to your real world, and do not want to offend anyone with your tactless behavior. In fact, it is very simple. Netiquette is the same as regular etiquette. Most clashes on the Internet stem from the inability and unwillingness of participants to hear each other. First of all, try to use common sense. Respect your interlocutors, no matter who they introduce themselves, and then your life in the community will become easy and enjoyable.

What should you not do on the Internet?
First of all, you should not do those things that are not encouraged in any civilized society:

• use
  profanity;


• incite national
  discord;


• insult
  of people;


• steal;


• deliberately try
  to break something;


• call for
  overthrow of the existing system;


• don't send it
  your commercial offers;


• send
  instructions explaining how to commit illegal acts, as well as
  ask about possible ways to perform this kind of action;


• publish
  personal letters without the consent of their authors;


• start or
  continue the discussion on an abstract topic in places (conferences,
  forums, etc.) not intended for this purpose.
  Before
  consider the rules of netiquette, get acquainted with the basic
  concepts used in communications on the Internet.

1. Remember that you are talking to a person.
Do not do to others what you do not want to receive from them yourself. Put yourself in the shoes of the person you are talking to. Defend your point of view, but do not insult others. When you use telecommunications, you are dealing with a computer screen. You cannot gesture, change your tone, and your facial expression does not play any role.

Words, only words, are all that your interlocutor sees.

When you are having a conversation - by email or in a conference call - it is very easy to misinterpret the words of your interlocutor. And, unfortunately, forget that your recipient is also a person with his own feelings and habits.
However, do not forget about the main principle of netiquette: there are real people everywhere on the Internet.

And one more reason to be polite online. When you communicate with someone in cyberspace, remember that your words are recorded. Perhaps they will be stored in places where you can no longer reach. In other words, there is a chance that they will come back and harm you. And you have no opportunity to influence this process.

2. Adhere to the same standards of behavior as in real life.

In real life, most of us obey laws, sometimes because of restrictions, sometimes because of fear of getting caught. In the virtual space, the chances of being caught are relatively small. People sometimes forget that there is a real person “behind the screen”, and they think that the rules of behavior on the Internet are not as strict as in real life.

This misconception is understandable, but it is still a misconception. Standards of behavior may differ in different parts of the virtual space, however, they are no softer than in real life.

Maintain communication ethics. Don't believe anyone who says, "The whole ethics here is what you set for yourself." If you encounter an ethical problem in cyberspace, think about what you would do in real life. Most likely, you will quickly find a solution.

3. Remember where you are in cyberspace.

What is accepted without hesitation in one place may be considered rude in another. For example, in conferences where television programs are discussed, various rumors and gossip are quite normal. But if you decide to invade a journalistic discussion with them, this will not add to your popularity.

When you find yourself in a new area of ​​virtual space, first look around. Spend time studying the situation - listen to how and what people are talking about. After that, engage in conversation.

4. Respect the time and capabilities of others.

When you send an email or post to a conference call, you are essentially vying for someone's time. And then you are responsible for ensuring that the recipient does not waste this time in vain.

The concept of “capability” includes the bandwidth of the channel through which communication occurs and the physical capacity of the storage media on the remote computer. And if you accidentally sent five identical messages to the same conference, you wasted both the time of the subscribers of this conference and the capabilities of the system (after all, you took up the transmission line and disk space).

Many conference readers are slow, and receiving a new message takes time. The program must scroll through all the message headers in order to get to the one you need. No one is particularly happy if it turns out that time was wasted.

People don't have much time to read messages given the number of recent ones. Before you send your letter, consider whether the recipients really need it. If you answer yourself “no,” it’s better not to waste their (and your) time. If in doubt, think twice before sending a message.

5. Save face.

Take advantage of anonymity.
On the Internet (for example, in conferences) you can meet people you would never meet in real life and no one will judge you for the color of your skin, eyes, hair, your weight, age or manner of dressing.

However, you will be judged on how you write. For those on the Internet, this matters. Thus, grammar rules play an important role. Be aware of what you are saying.

Consider the content of your letter. When you want to say something like “it seems to me...” or “I heard that...”, ask yourself if you should double-check the correctness of your facts. False information can cause a whole flurry of emotions on the Internet. And if this is repeated a second and third time, it can happen, like in the game “broken phone”: your words will be distorted beyond recognition.

Also, make sure your messages are clear and logical. You can write a paragraph of text that is grammatically perfect but completely meaningless. This often happens if you want to convince someone that you are right, using a lot of complex and long words that you yourself are not very familiar with.
Don't insult users.

Finally, be patient and polite. Do not use profanity, do not enter into conflict for the sake of conflict itself.

6. Help others where you can.

Why is asking questions in virtual space effective? Because your questions are read by many people who know the answer to them. And even if only a few people answer qualifiedly, the total amount of knowledge on the Internet will increase. The Internet itself grew out of the desire of scientists to exchange experience. Gradually, others became involved in this fascinating process.

It is especially important to exchange answers to your questions with other users. If you anticipate that you will receive a lot of answers to your question or send it to a conference that you rarely attend, respond to replies by email, not to the conference. When you receive all the remarks, summarize them and send them in one message to the conference. This way, everyone will benefit from communicating with you.

If you are an expert yourself, you can do more. Many people freely post entire bibliographies, from lists of legal resources to lists of popular books on UNIX. If you are leading a group that does not have a list of answers to the most frequently asked questions, try writing one. If you have discovered or authored a paper that you think may be of interest to others, please submit it to the conference. Sharing experiences is a fun activity. This is an ancient and glorious tradition of the Network.

7. Do not get involved in conflicts and do not allow them.

"Does online etiquette prohibit flames? Not really. Flames are also an old tradition of the Internet. Flames can be fun for both writers and readers. And the recipients of flames often deserve them.

But netiquette is against flames that escalate into wars - a series of angry messages exchanged, as a rule, by two or three participants in the discussion. Such wars can literally take over the conference and destroy the friendly atmosphere. This is unfair to other conference readers. And very soon people who are not participating in the discussion get tired of conflicts. In fact, an unacceptable monopolization of resources occurs.

8. Respect the right to private correspondence.

9. Don't abuse your powers.

Some people feel like professionals in the virtual space. These are aces in every network game, experts in every office and system administrators of the system.
With greater knowledge or greater authority in their hands, these people automatically gain an advantage.

However, this does not mean that they can use it. For example, system administrators should not read private email messages.

10. Learn to forgive others for their mistakes.

Everyone was a newbie once. Therefore, when someone makes a mistake - be it a typo in a word, a careless flame, a stupid question or an unreasonably long answer - be lenient with it. Even if you really want to answer, think twice. Just because you have good manners doesn't mean you have a license to teach those manners to everyone else.

If you decide to draw the user’s attention to his mistake, do it correctly and preferably not in a conference, but in a private letter. As you know, corrections in the text often also contain grammatical errors; Also, an indication of non-compliance with the rules of etiquette sometimes demonstrates a violation of the same etiquette.

Email etiquette rules

Addresses and personal names
A personal name (not to be confused with a signature) is a custom string that many email programs allow you to attach to your messages as a text comment.

• If your system allows, always write a personal name: it is a better “business card” for you than an e-mail address.


• Use meaningful names. Expressions like “figure it out for yourself” not only make it difficult to identify the author of the letter, but also insult the intelligence of the addressee.


• If your mail system allows you to send letters along with the recipient's name, use this feature. This will make it easier for the network administrator to find the recipient by name if the address itself turns out to be incorrect.

Letter subject
(Subject)

• Don't forget to give your letters titles. Often the user is guided by names when looking through his mail.


• Avoid meaningless names. For example, when sending an email to WordPerfect technical support, you shouldn't call it WordPerfect—you might as well not write anything at all.


• If you change the topic of conversation when replying to a letter, do not forget to change the title.


• A precise title is the easiest way to determine the topic of a conversation, and if you change the topic while leaving the title the same, the recipient may become confused.

  Length, content and format of the letter



• Try to keep the length of your letter consistent with the style of conversation: if you are simply answering a question, keep it short and to the point.


• Stay as close to the topic as possible. If you want to talk about something new, it is better to send a separate letter. Then your recipient can store it separately.


• Don't write all text in capital letters - it becomes difficult to read (although short highlighting can be used as reinforcement). Try to break your letter into logical paragraphs and avoid overly long sentences.


• Try to avoid grammatical errors. A letter full of errors and typos is difficult to read. Just because email is a fast way to communicate doesn't mean you can relax and forget about spelling.


• If you consider your thoughts worthy of expression in a letter, make sure that they are presented correctly.


• Avoid public flames - letters written under the influence of emotions. Messages sent at the moment of emotional distress most often only worsen the situation. You may later regret your words, so before you start a flame war, calmly think about the situation.


• If your mailer supports different text styling options (bold, italics, etc.), make sure that the recipient's mailer has the same capabilities. At the time this document was written, most Internet e-mail programs were text-only, although this is certainly changing.

  Answers



• Include in your message excerpts from the letter you are responding to. Remember, email is not a real-time telephone conversation, and your recipient may forget the contents of the previous letter (especially if he is engaged in active correspondence). Include excerpts of the original text in your response, and the recipient will more easily understand what you are talking about.


• Don't overdo it by quoting previous messages. Separate the text of your message in some way from the text of the quoted letters, then your answer will be easier to read. The > sign is usually used for these purposes, although this is not the only option.


• Try not to mix general and personal information in your message.


• Ask yourself: is your answer really necessary? For example, if you received a letter as a result of a fan mailing, it is unlikely that you should notify each of the
  addressees about your attitude towards him - it is better to send a letter directly to the author.

  Signatures

  A signature is a small piece of text at the end of a message, usually containing information about contacts. Most mailers can automatically attach a signature to outgoing messages. A signature is an interesting thing, but you also need to know when to stop it.



• If you can, use a signature. It must identify you and contain information about alternative communication channels (regular telephone, fax).
  On many systems, particularly those where mail passes through gateways, your signature may be the only identifier.


• Make your signature shorter - 4-7 lines are enough. Unreasonably long signatures load communication channels.


• Some mailers allow you to add random lines to your signature: be careful with this.
  In any case, you need to remember:
  • Brevity is the soul of wit
  
  
  • The concept of "insult" can be interpreted very broadly, so try to avoid expressions that could cause conflict on a religious, racial, or political basis.
  
  
  • Do not use “local” (understandable only to you and a small circle of people) remarks. You will not find understanding among users of other cities, countries or cultural communities.
  
  
  • Changing captions work best when they are humorous. Political remarks, for example, may upset some people, while a short joke will only lighten the mood.

    Simple rules of politeness

  
  


• Email is a means of communication between people, and rules of politeness are indispensable.


• If you ask someone with a request, don't forget to say "please." At the same time, thank your interlocutor in response to help.


• Don't expect a response immediately. The fact that you have not received an answer to your question within ten minutes does not mean that the recipient is ignoring you.


• Remember that there is no reliable mail system. It is not wise to put very personal information in an email unless you intend to encrypt it using a strong encryption program. Remember the recipient. You are not the only person who will suffer if a sensitive message falls into the wrong hands.


• Include complete information on the topic in your letter, especially if you expect a qualified response. You must include a detailed description of the problem.

  "Smileys"

  The correct use of emoticons can give your letter a lively character and even replace gestures. However, don't overdo it.

  And finally, remember that e-mail is a means of communicating with real people. Before you send a letter, read it carefully again and put yourself in the recipient's shoes.